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讲一讲1 for sb. to do sth. “for+宾语+不定式”用法微探 “for+宾语+不定式”是英语中一个十分有用的结构，不仅在阅读理解中经常出现，而且，如果同学们在书面表达中能巧妙地运用它，将会增添文章亮点，提高文章档次。本文对这一结构的用法作了一个简单的归纳和说明。 一、 本质和特征 1)“for+宾语+不定式”是不定式的升级版，即不定式带上自己的逻辑主体；这一主体既可以是不定式动作的主语，也可以是不定式动作的宾语； 2)形式上是复合型介词短语，根本上还是不定式的原型，逻辑、时态、语态、用法上遵循不定式的特点； 二、 句法功能 1. 用作主语 For you to criticize Joe would be a big mistake. 你要是批评乔，那将是一大错误。 For Ann to go abroad would make me very happy. 安要是出国将使我感到很高兴。 注：这类结构通常会借助形式主语来表达： It would be a big mistake for you to criticize Joe. It would make me very happy for Ann to go abroad . For her to be travelling by plane is a new experience. 坐飞机对她是—次新经历。 For the smoke to clear took twenty minutes. 过了20分钟烟才散完。 2. 用作表语 It is for you to finish. 该由你来完成。 His idea is for us to travel in separate cars. 他的意思是我们乘各自的车旅行。 All I want is for us to be happy. 我希望的只是我们能开心。 3. 用作宾语 She likes for people to feel joyful. 她喜欢看到人们欢天喜地。 They didn’t mean for her to know the news. 他们并未打算让她知道那个消息。 I would like for you to stay . 我希望你留下来。 He made it very difficult for us to go. 他弄得我们很难离开。 I thought it strange for her to be out so early. 她这么早就出去，我觉得有些奇怪。 4．用作定语 It’s time for kids to go to school. 是孩子们上学的时候了。 There’s nothing for guests to eat. 没有东西给客人吃。 Have you got something for me to practice? 你给我找了什么要练习的吗? All that remains for me to do is to say hello. 剩下我所要做的就是打招呼了。 5. 用作同位语 He gave orders for one million military personnel to hurry to the flood-stricken area.. 他命令100万军人奔赴洪灾区。 The principal conveyed his wish for children to live happy. 校长表达了他希望孩子们过上幸福生活的愿望。 6. 用作状语 (1) 目的状语 I can’t wait for Mom to finish cooking. 我等不及妈妈做完饭。 She looked up and nodded for me to come in. 她抬起头来，并点头让我进去。 (2) 结果状语 The words are too small for me to read without glasses. 字体太小，我不带眼镜就看不清。 I wish you’d write concisely enough for us to read it. 但愿你能写得简洁点，我们好看明白。 (3) 条件状语 How would it do for me to write to him? 我来给他写信如何? What would happen for him not to be invited? 他没受到邀请会怎样？ (4) 比较状语。如： There's nothing worse than for a person to ill-treat a child. 没有什么比虐待小孩更恶劣的了。 Granny would be more than satisfied for the broken window to be repaired. 如果能把破窗子修好，奶奶会非常满意的 |
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