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讲一讲3 作插入语的不定式 在日常的语法学习中，不定式的用法归于非谓语动词的居多，而以独立成分----插入语的身份作句子状语，对句子补充、评注 、说明、解释等，属于比较小众的一类。熟练掌握他们的分类有助于丰富词汇，增加理解的准确度。归纳如下： 1.表猜测 ■so to speak可以说，可谓 The pet dog is, so to speak, a member of the family. 那只宠物狗可以说是家庭的一员了。 The computer is, so to speak, the brains of the organization. 电脑可说是这个机构的大脑。 ■to be exact 精确地说 The old man is in his mid-fifties; well, fifty-six to be exact. 那个老人五十多岁；嗯，确切地说是五十六岁。 It happened last Sunday, to be exact. 确切地说， 事情发生在上周日。 ■to be sure 无可否认，诚然 He’s a nice man, to be sure. 肯定他是一个好人。 He is smart, to be sure, but not very diligent. 他聪明是聪明，但是不怎么勤奋。 ■to make matters / things worse 更糟的是 To make matters worse, he refused to give in. 更糟的是，他拒不让步。 To make matters /things worse, it started to rain when evening came. 更糟糕的是，夜幕降临时，天开始下起雨来了。 2.表真诚 ■to be fair 说句公平话 To be fair, I wasn’t entirely to blame. 说句公道话，这不能全怪我。 ■to be (perfectly) frank 坦率地讲 To be perfectly frank, you’ re a bad Dad. 非常坦率地说，你不是个好爸爸。 To be frank with you, I don’t like the way you act. 坦白说，我不喜欢你行事的方式。 ■to be honest说老实话，老实说 To be honest, I just don’t like him. 说老实话，我就是不喜欢他。 To be honest, I don’t think we have a chance of winning her over. 说实话，我认为我们没有争取到她的可能。 ■to do sb justice 说句对某人公道的话 To do her justice, we must admit that she did deserve praise. 说句公道话，我们得承认她应该获赞。 ■to tell (you) the truth 老实说，说真的，说实话 To tell the truth, I fell asleep. 老实说，我睡着了。 To tell you the truth, we don’t have a very good look at him. 说真心话我们没有好好看他。 3.表总结： ■to be brief 简言之 To be brief, he was happy with the result. 简言之，他对这个结果感到高兴。 ■to conclude 最后，总而言之 To conclude, I’d like to express my thanks to my friends. 最后，我要感谢我的朋友。 To conclude, I wish you all healthy and wealthy. 最后，祝大家健康富有。 ■to cut a long story short 长话短说 To cut a long story short, we said, 'Ok!’ 长话短说吧，我们同意了。 To cut a long story short, he defeated them one by one. 长话短说，他把他们一个个地打败了。 ■to make a long story short 长话短说 To make a long story short, we agreed to keep silent. 长话短说，我们同意保持沉默。 ■to sum up总而言之 To sun up, most of us supported the idea but a few were against it. 总之，我们大多数支持这一想法，但是也有几个反对。 4.表让步： ■not to mention 更不用说，还不算 He can speak French and Japanese, not to mention English. 他会说法语和日语, 更不用说英语。 There’re ten of us ready to go, not to mention /without mentioning the children. 我们有10个人愿意去，还不算小孩。 ■to say nothing of 姑且不讲，更不用说，何况 You’ve wasted eight hours’ time, to say nothing of the performance. 你浪费了八个钟头的时间，还不说表演。 He got imprisoned for a month to say nothing of the fine. 他得入狱一个月 更不用说罚款了。 ■to put it mildly 说得轻些，不夸张地说，说得婉转些 To put it mildly, she’s just a bit curious. 说得轻些，她只是有点好奇。 ■to say the least 至少可以这样说，不夸张地说，说得轻些 The evidence for all these charges seems, to say the least, unlikely to prove valid in court. 所有这些指控的证据，说得婉转些，在法庭上似乎不大可能有效。 To say the least, their techniques are out of fashion. 说得再轻一点，他们的工艺至少落伍了。 5.表顺序： ■to begin with 第一，首先；起初，开始时 To begin with, it is too cold. Asides, we’ve no money. 首先，天气太冷，再者我们也没有钱。 I’m not going. To begin with, I have no money, and secondly I don’t like the play. 我不去， 一来我没钱，二来我不喜欢这出戏。 ■to start with 第一，首先；起初，开始时 To start with we don’t have enough money and secondly we’re too busy. 一来我们的钱不够 二来我们没时间。 The club had only several members to start with. 这个俱乐部最初只有几个成员。 |
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