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日说一词7 absent 词缀词根 ab-相反，变坏，离去+ sent出现→absent 缺席的；不在场的 ab- +jece抛→ abject 可怜的 abs-+ tract拉→抽象的 衍生词系 absently adv. 心不在焉地; 出神地 He nodded absently, his attention absorbed by the screen. 他专心注视着屏幕，只是心不在焉地点了点头。 absentee n. 缺席者 Even the absentee members would endeavour to return home in time for it. 所有大家庭的成员都会聚集一堂,远在他乡的也会尽量赶回来. absenteeism n. (经常无故)旷工; 旷课 School and employment absenteeism increases, as does mortality from pneumonia and influenza, especially in older persons. 缺学和旷工的情况增加, 肺炎流感死亡率提高, 尤其是老年人. absent-minded adj. 心不在焉的；精神恍惚的 In his later life he became even more absent-minded. 他晚年变得愈加健忘了。 absence n. 缺席，不在，缺勤，不在场; 缺乏，缺少 His long absence raised fears about his safety. 他长期不在引起了大家对他的安全的担心。 We are in the absence of experience. 我们缺乏经验。 the absence of mind 心不在焉 He failed in the exam because of his absence of mind. 他因心不在焉而考试不及格。 in the absence of / in one's absence 由于缺乏；(物)不存在；缺少/席 However, learning English as a foreign language is very difficult in the absence of a native language environment. 然而，在缺乏母语环境的情况下学习作为外语的英语相当困难。 I will go on a business trip tomorrow; Mark will be in charge of the company in my absence. 明天我要去出差；我不在时马克管理公司。 present ['preznt] n. 礼物；现在v. 提出；赠送；呈现adj. 出席的；现在的；当前的； A number of local personalities were present at the meeting. 一些当地名人出席了会议。 presence ['prezns] n. 出席；存在；到场； She is too shy to speak in the presence of a large audience. 她非常害羞,以至于在这么多的观众面前说不出话来。 用法搭配 [ˈæbsnt] adj.不在的；不在场的；缺席的；缺勤的；心不在焉的；出神的； prep.缺乏；没有；倘若没有vt. 使缺席 【近义词】 inattentive 心不在焉的 unconscious 失去知觉的 forgetful 健忘的 distracted 注意力不集中的... scatterbrained 注意力不集中的...distrait 心不在焉的 【反义词】 wide-awake 完全醒着的attentive 注意的preoccupied 全神贯注的 absorbed 全神贯注的 1. adj. 1) absent的基本意思是“缺席的,不在场的”,在句中可用作定语或表语。用作表语时常与介词from连用,有时还可接动名词,主语一般为人。 Supposing he is absent, what shall we do? 假使他不在, 我们将怎么办呢 ? She had an absent look on her face. 她看起来心不在焉。 He has been absent from his desk for two weeks... 他已经有两个星期没有坐在办公桌前了。 2) absent作“没有的,缺乏的”解是正式用法,在句中多用作表语,常与介词from连用,主语一般为物。 Love was totally absent from his childhood. 他童年时根本没有得到过爱。 Before such experiments, humans thought language skills were absent from the animal kingdom. 在做这些实验前,人们认为动物王国缺乏语言技能。 2. v. absent用作及物动词时常接反身代词作宾语,其后常接from引起的介词短语。 He had absented himself from the office for the day. 这一天他没有去办公室上班。 Saying “ Would you please excuse me for a minute”, he absented himself. 说着“对不起,我要出去一下”,他就离开了。 3. prep. absent当作介词，相当于without， 表示“在缺乏…的情况下”。 Absent a solution, people like Sue Godfrey will just keep on fighting. 假如得不到解决，像休·戈弗雷这样的人就会一直坚持斗争下去。 Absent such a direct threat, Mr. Carter professes to feel no pressure. 既然没有这样一个直接的威胁，卡特先生就装作不感到有什么压力了。 4. 区别be absent from/be absent in 这两个短语在接表示地点的名词时,含意不同：be absent from的意思是“不在…(地方)”; be absent in的意思是“在某地,而不在说话人所在地”。试比较： He was absent from London. 他不在伦敦。 He was absent in London. 他不在这里, 而在伦敦。 精选例句 I absentmindedly turned the pages of the phone book and came across a city map. 我心不在焉地翻过电话簿的页面，偶然看到了一张城市地图。 Now all that was needed were the parents, but they were absent. 现在所需要的只是父母，但他们并不在。 While waiting, we tend to get absent-minded. 在等待的时候，我们往往会心不在焉。 巧妙串记 There are three proverbs that go as follows:The absent party is always to blame.The eye is blind if the mind is absent.He that fears you present will hate you absent.Whenever you’re absent in class, they will come to you naturally but unwittingly , warning you not to be absent- minded rather than wide-awake.有三个谚语是这样说的：缺席者总受责备；心不在焉，就会视而不见；当面怕你的人背后会恨你。所以每当你在课堂上走神时，他们会自然而然地浮现在你面前，提醒你不要心不在焉，而要完全清醒。 |
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