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一、 定义
1. Clear
grounds: evidence that the ship, its equipment, or its crew does not
correspond substantially with the requirements of the relevant conventions or
that the master or crewmembers are not familiar with essential shipboard
procedures relating to the safety of ships or the prevention of pollution.明显依据：船舶及其设备或其船员实质上不符合有关公约的要求的证据，或船长或船员不熟悉
有关船舶安全或防止污染的船上基本程序的证据。 2.Deficiency: A condition found not to be in compliance with the requirements
of the relevant convention.缺陷：发现的不符合有关公约要求的一种状况 3. Detention:
Intervention action taken by the port State when the condition of the ship or
its crew does not correspond substantially with the applicable conventions to
ensure that the ship will not sail until it can proceed to sea without
presenting a danger to the ship or persons on board, or without presenting an
unreasonable threat of harm to the marine environment. 滞留：当船舶或船员实质上不符合适用公约要求时，港口国为保证该船舶只有在不会对船舶或
船上人员构成危险或不会对海上环境造成损害威胁时方可开航所采取的干涉行动。 4. Inspection:
A visit on board a shi to check both the validity of the relevant certificates
and documents, and the overall condition of the ship, its equipment, and its
crew.检查：登船检验有关证书、文件的有效性和船舶及其设备和船员的总体情况。 5. More detailed inspection: An inspection
conducted when there are clear grounds for believing that the condition of the
ship, its equipment, or its crew does not correspond substantially with the
particulars of the certificates.详细检查：当有明显依据相信船舶条件、船舶设备或船员实质上不符合证书项目时所进行的检
查。 6. Port
State Control Officer (PSCO): A person duly authorized by the competent
authority of a Party to a relevant convention to carry out port State control
inspections, and responsible exclusively to that Party.港口国监督检查官（以下简称检查官）：经过有关公约缔约国的主管机关正式授权执行港口国监
督检查，并对缔约国负责的人员。 7. Stoppage of an operation: Formal
prohibition against a ship to continue an operation due to identified
deficiencies, which singly or together, render the continuation of such
operation hazardous.停止作业：由于船舶具有一个或几个被识别缺陷会使船舶继续进行某些操作产生危险，而对继
续进行此项作业的正式禁止。 8. Substandard
ship: A ship whose hull, machinery, equipment, or operational safety is
substantially below the standards required by the relevant convention or whose
crew os not in conformance with the safe manning document.低标准船：船体、机器、设备或操作安全方面实质上低于有关公约要求的标准或者实际配员不
符合安全配员文件的船舶。 9. Valid certificates: A certificate that
has been issued directly by a Party to a relevant convention or on its behalf
by a recognized organization and contains accurate and effective dates; meets
the provisions of the relevant convention; and, with which the particulars of
the ship, its crew and its equipment correspond.有效证书：有关公约的一个缔约国直接签发的，或由缔约国认可的机构代表该缔约国签发的，
包括准确和有效的日期，符合有关公约规定并载明船舶、船员和设备细目的证书。 二、 常用缩略语 10. Abbreviations 英文缩写 DOC Document of compliance SMC Safety management certificate SMS Safety management system ILL International load line IOPP International oil pollution prevention OPA 90 Oil pollution act of 1990 (usa) AIS Automatic identification system IGS Inert gas system MOU Memorandum of understanding SOP Standard operating procedure SOPEP Shipboard oil pollution emergency
plan VDR Voyage data recorder GMDSS Global maritime distress and safety
system 三、缺陷代码及纠正条款说明 行动代码 缺陷已纠正 15 rectify deficiency at next port 缺陷在下一港纠正 16 rectify deficiency within 14 days 缺陷在 14 天内纠正 17 master instructed to rectify deficiency
before departure 通知船长在开航前纠正缺陷 18 rectify non-conformity within 3 months在 3 个月内纠正不符合项 19 rectify major non-conformity before departure在开航前纠正严重不符合项 可滞留的缺陷 35 detention raised 解除滞留 36 ship allowed to sail after follow-up
detention 在跟踪滞留的前提下准予开航 通知下一港 45 next port informed to re-detain 通知下一港再次滞留 50 flag state/consul informed通知船旗国/领事机构 咨询船旗国 通知地区国 70 classification society informed 通知船级社 80 temporary substitution of equipment 临时替代设备 85 investigation of contravention of
discharge provisions (MARPOL)调查违规排放 （MARPOL） 95 letter of warning issued签发警告信 96 letter warning withdrawn 收回警告信 99 other (specify in clear text) 其他 （详细说明） 注：这里引用的是东京备忘录的行动代码，其他备忘录的情况大同小异。
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