2016077: 业内炸锅了，压载水公约于昨天满足生效条件……（这次不是开玩笑）

         

2016年9月8日（昨天），随着芬兰国际海事组织（IMO）秘书长林基泽递交接受书，《国际船舶压载水和外来生物控制和管理公约》（压载水公约），压载水公约已达到了生效条件。该公约将于2017年9月8日正式生效。根据公约要求，船舶需要对压载水进行相应的处理，以移除压载水中的有害物质，避免压载水带来的生物污染。

林基泽说：“该公约的生效对于我们整个星球来说具有里程碑式的重大意义！压载水公约的生效不仅能够有效减少通过船舶压载水引起的外来生物污染，也为国际航运业提高了游戏规则，为船上压载水管理提供了一个清晰、严格的标准”。

芬兰驻英国大使、驻IMO全权代表Palvi Luostainen女士于9月8日向林基泽秘书长正式递交了该公约的接受书，使得接受该公约的船舶总吨位达到35.1441%，加入该公约的缔约国总数也达到52个。公约的生效条件是公约至少有30个缔约国，超过世界商船总吨位35%之后的12个月生效。

压载水公约于2014年由IMO正式通过，历时12年终于达到生效条件。IMO作为联合国专门机构负责为全球海上安全、保安、保护海洋环境和防止船舶大气污染制定标准。

公约生效后，所有船舶的压载水处理系统，均需在2017年9月8日之后的第一次IOPP证书换证检验时，满足IMO A.1088(28)和MEPC 69的要求，对压载水的排放，需满足D－2标准，也即需安装压载水处理系统BWMS。

公约生效后，对船舶证书和文件有如下要求：

1、压载水管理计划(BWMP)。为符合公约要求，船舶应持有一份按照MEPC.127(53)决议制定并经船级社批准的《压载水管理计划》(BWMP)。

2、压载水记录簿（BWR）。船舶应备有一份压载水记录簿，以记录船舶关于压载水的一切相关操作。

3、国际压载水管理证书。a）适用范围：400 总吨及以上的船舶，应按照公约要求进行检验发证。对小于400 总吨的船舶，主管机关制定相应的措施，确保这些船舶符合公约要求。b）检验类型：船舶应进行检验发证，应持有一份有效的《国际压载水管理证书》。检验包括：初次检验、换证检验、年度检验、中间检验和附加检验。

以下是IMO发布的最新新闻：

Accession by Finland has triggered the entry into force of a key international measure for environmental protection that aims to stop the spread of potentially invasive aquatic species in ships’ ballast water.

The International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships' Ballast Water and Sediments (BWM Convention) will enter into force on 8 September 2017, marking a landmark step towards halting the spread of invasive aquatic species, which can cause havoc for local ecosystems, affect biodiversity and lead to substantial economic loss. Under the Convention’s terms, ships will be required to manage their ballast water to remove, render harmless, or avoid the uptake or discharge of aquatic organisms and pathogens within ballast water and sediments

“This is a truly significant milestone for the health of our planet,” said IMO Secretary-General Kitack

“The spread of invasive species has been recognized as one of the greatest threats to the ecological and the economic well-being of the planet. These species are causing enormous damage to biodiversity and the valuable natural riches of the earth upon which we depend. Invasive species also cause direct and indirect health effects and the damage to the environment is often irreversible,” he said.

He added, “The entry into force of the Ballast Water Management Convention will not only minimize the risk of invasions by alien species via ballast water, it will also provide a global level playing field for international shipping, providing clear and robust standards for the management of ballast water on ships.”

Her Excellency Mrs. P?ivi Luostarinen Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, Permanent Representative of Finland to IMO, handed over the country’s instrument of acceptance to the Ballast Water Management Convention to IMO Secretary-General Lim on Thursday (8 September 2016).

The accession brings the combined tonnage of contracting States to the treaty to 35.1441%, with 52 contracting Parties. The convention stipulates that it will enter into force 12 months after ratification by a minimum of 30 States, representing 35% of world merchant shipping tonnage.

The BWM Convention was adopted in 2004 by the International Maritime Organization (IMO), the United Nations specialized agency with responsibility for developing global standards for ship safety and security and for the protection of the marine environment and the atmosphere from any harmful impacts of shipping.