一、考查一般现在时的被动语态 1. The number of deaths from heart disease will be reduced greatly if people ________ to eat more fruit and vegetables. (上海卷) A. persuade B. will persuade C. be persuaded D. are persuaded 【分析】答案选D。由persuade sb. to do sth. (劝某人做某事)可知,people是persuade这个动作的承受者,应该用被动语态,排除A和B;又因为主句是一般将来时,条件句中用一般现在时表示将来,所以选D。 2. I need one more stamp before my collection ________. (全国卷) A. has completed B. completes C. has been completed D. is completed 【分析】答案选D。my collection是complete的承受者,应用被动语态,排除A和B;又因为时间状语从句中的动作后于主句谓语动作发生,不能用现在完成时,而只能用一般现在时表示将来,排除C。 二、考查一般过去时的被动语态 This is Ted’s photo. We missed him a lot. He ________ trying to save a child in the earthquake. A. killed B. is killed C. was killed D. was killing 【分析】答案选C。he是kill的承者,即kill与he是动宾关系,用被动语态,排除A和D;由语境可知Ted在地震中为救一个小孩不幸牺牲应发生在过去。 三、考查现在进行时的被动语态 1. Rainforests ________ and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near future. (上海春) A. cut B. are cut C. are being cut D. had been cut 【分析】答案选C。rainforests是cut的承受者,即与是动宾关系,应用被动语态;由后文“将会从地球上消失”可知目前“正在被砍伐”。 2. —Have you moved into the new house? —Not yet, the rooms ________. (全国卷) A. are being painted B. are painting C. are painted D. are being painting 【分析】答案选A。the room是paint的承受者,即paint与the room是动宾关系,应当用被动语态;从语境可知,房子还在粉刷中,用现在进行时的被动语态。 3. A new cinema ________ here. They hope to finish it next month. (北京春) A. will be built B. is built C. has been built D. is being built 【分析】答案选D。四个选项都是被动语态,关键是判断用哪种时态;由They hope to finish it next month. 可知,电影院目前还正在被建,应当用现在进行时。
四、考查现在完成时的被动语态 1. —The window is dirty. —I know. It ________ for weeks. (广西) A. hasn’t cleaned B. didn’t clean C. wasn’t cleaned D. hasn’t been cleaned 【分析】答案选D。It (The window) 是clean的承受者,即clean与it是动宾关系,要用被动语态;又由for weeks可知,要用现在完成时态。 2. More patients ________ in hospital this year than last year. (江苏) A. treated B. have treated C. had been treated D. have been treated 【分析】答案选D。patients是treat的承受者,即treat与patients是动宾关系,要用被动语态;this year (今年) 应当包括现在在内,要用现在完成时。 3. — ________ the sports meet might be put off. —Yes, it all depends on the weather. (全国卷) A. I’ve been told B. I’ve told C. I’m told D. I told 【分析】答案选A。I是tell的承受者,即tell与I是动宾关系,要用被动语态;又从语境可知,应为“已经有人告诉了我”,所以用现在完成时的被动语态。 五、考查过去完成时的被动语态 1. —George and Lucy got married last week. Did you go to the wedding? —No, I ________. Did they have a big wedding? (湖北) A. was not invited B. have not been invited C. hadn’t been invited D. didn’t invite 【分析】答案选C。I是invite的承受者,即invite与I是动宾关系,要用被动语态;又因为“邀请”应当发生在“结婚”之前,got married是过去,invite就该是过去的过去,所以要用过去完成时的被动语态。 2. The new suspension bridge ________ by the end of last month. (上海春) A. has been designed B. had been designed C. was designed D. would be designed 【分析】答案选B。四个选项都是不同时态的被动语态,关键是判断用哪种时态;由“by the end of +过去时间”,可知要用过去完成时的被动语态。 3. The police found that the house________ and a lot of things_______.(全国) A. has broken into; has been stolen B. had broken into; had been stolen C. has been broken into; stolen D. had been broken into; stolen 【分析】答案选D。因为break into与the house是动宾关系,要用被动语态,排除A和B;又break into和steal应发生在found之前,即“过去的过去”,应用过去完成时的被动语态。stolen前省略了had been。
六、将来完成时的被动语态 The mayor of Beijing says that all construction work for the Beijing Olympics ________ by 2006. (北京卷) A. has been completed B. has completed C. will have been completed D. will have completed 【分析】答案选C。因work是complete的承受者,即work与complete是被动关系,要用被动语态;由“by+将来时间(2006)”可知,要用将来完成时。 七、考查一般将来时的被动语态 1. Hundreds of jobs ________ if the factory closes. (北京春) A. lose B. will be lost C. are lost D. will lost 【分析】答案选B。jobs是lose的承者,即lose与jobs是动宾关系,要用被动语态,排除A和D;由条件状语从句是一般现在时可知,主句中的谓语动词应是一般将来时,故用一般将来时的被动语态。(from www.) 2. If city noise ________ from increasing, people ________ shout to be heard even at the dinner table 20 years from now. (全国卷) A. are not kept; will have to B. are not kept; have to C. do not keep; will have to D. dot not keep; have to 【分析】答案选A。由“从现在起20年后”可知,主句中用一般将来时,排除B和D;又因keep与city noise是动宾关系,应用被动语态,排除C。 |
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