考频NO1:做形式主语或形式宾语的it 【例1】_____________ worries me the way he keeps changing his mind. (2007 山东卷) A.This B.That C.What D.It 答案D 【例2】He didn’t make ________ clear when and where the meeting would be held.(2007 天津卷) A. this B. that C. it D. these 答案C 试题解析: 第一句中it指代the way he keeps changing his mind做形式主语;第二句中it指代when and where the meeting would be held做形式宾语。 易错警示:很多考生有代词恐惧症,看到考代词就慌了,因为屡战屡败。老师平时强调的比较多,句子以动词开头时,首先考虑是否缺主语。所以拿到例1时心中暗自得意,这个太容易了What worries me呗。在此,以此题为例,请考生记住以下句型: It worries me the way he keeps changing his mind.(it 做形式主语,指代the way he keeps changing his mind) What worries me is that he keeps changing his mind. (what 引导主语从句,请特别注意此句与上句的差别在于句中有明显的动词is )
考频NO2:对等比较中的that 【例1】Little joy can equal ________ of a surprising ending when you read stories. (2007 四川卷) A. that B. those C. any D. some 答:A 【例2】The English spoken in the United States is only slightly different from ______ spoken in England(2008全国I卷) A. which B. what C. that D. the one 答案:C 试题解析:That做代词的时候,往往代表前面提到过的事物或问题 ,以避免重复。如第一句中that代替前面的joy;第二句中that代替前面的the English。 易错警示:对等比较在很多考生看来就只有出现在比较级中,其实不然英语中常考的表示对等比较的短语有:equal, be different from, the same as, be superior to, be inferior to等。对等比较中的单数名词或不可数名词用that, 其中单数名词也可用the one,复数用the ones 或those。
考频NO3: none 【例1】—What do you think of the performance today? —Great! ___but a musical genius could perform so successfully. (2007 江西卷) A. All B. None C. Anybody D. Everybody 答案B 试题解析: none but somebody的意思是only a particular person or type of person 【例2】Of all the books on the desk, ______ is of any use for our study.(2006四川卷) A. nothing B. no one C. neither D. none 答案:D 试题解析:由all可知,是指三者或三者以上,排除C;nothing(没一样东西)与这里谈到的“书”毫无联系,排除A;no one =nobody(没有一个人)只能指人,也错了;指多者中“一个也没有,没有一个”用none。句中of any use=useful,在句中作表语。句意是“在桌上的所有这些书中,没有一本书对我们的学习有用。” 易错警示:在这类试题的选项中经常会出现:no one, none, nothing等词汇的比较。no one指的是没有人,常用于回答who的问句,但是no one 不能用于of结构;none指上文所提到的人或物在数量上没有,可以用于of结构;nothing只能指物,表示什么都没有。理清关系,把握考点是关键。
考频NO4:one 【例1】Liu Xiang’s break the record in the Asian Games was an exciting moment, ______ all of us will never forget. (08常州模拟) A. that B. one C. it D. what 【例2】Talking about buying cars, I prefer a car less than 100,000 yuan to ______ over the amount.(08常熟模拟) A. this B. it C. that D. one 试题解析:这两题都应该选择one。one= a/ an +n.但是在这两题中one 起的作用不一样:例1中,考生拿到题目时,会问怎么没有which选项,不是非限制性定语从句吗?当然which是对的,但是我们也可以用one 作为同位语用后加省略了关系代词的定语从句;例2中考生会看作对等比较误选为that, 但是that指的是the+n. 易错警示:在这类试题的选项中经常会出现: one, it, that等词汇的比较。one指的a/ an +n.;it指上文所提到的具体的事物;that多用于指对等比较中的单数或不可数名词。
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