中考英语宾语从句讲解一、直接引语变间接引语 1.人称的变化:一随主,二随宾,第三人称不更新。 1). "一随主"指若直接引语中的主语为第一人称时,变间接引语时应与主句的主语人称一致. She said "I like playing basketball". She said that _____ _____ playing basketball . 2). "二随宾"指若直接宾语中的主语为第二人称时,变间接宾语时应与主句的宾语人称一致. She asked Tom "Can I have a look at your picture". She asked Tom if ______ could have a look at ______ picture . 3). "第三人称不更新"指若直接宾语中的主语为第三人称时,变间接宾语时人称保持不变. She said to me "They want to help me". She told me that _____ _____ to help me . 2.指示代词,时间、地点状语的变化
二. 宾语从句的考查 宾语从句在句中作及物动词的宾语,或介词的宾语,或形容词的宾语。根据引导宾语从句的不同连词,宾语从句可分为三类。 1.考查宾语从句的语序: 宾语从句的语序用陈述句语序。即 "主语+谓语+…… Do you know when __________? A.does the next train leave B.the next train leaves C.will the next train leave D.the next train will leave 注:若从句时疑问句,但语序不变的有: 1).who在从句中作主语。 Can you tell me _________?(谁将来这儿) 2).what's wrong / the matter ? He asked what was the matter with me . 3).what happened I don't know what happened yesterday . 4).which is the way to ….? Can you tell me which is the way to the park ? 2.考查宾语从句的引导词 1).若宾语从句时陈述句时,引导词用that 且that 可省掉。 She said "I'm gald to see you" = She said _____ _____ ______ gald to see me . 2).宾语从句时一般疑问句时,引导词用if 或whether . 一般情况下if /whether 可互换,但后有or not / or 、动词不定式或介词的后面时,只能用whether . He saked me "Are you going to Wuhan ?" = He asked me ______ _____ _____ going to Wuhan. I'm thinking about ______ to go there . A.if B.whether C.that 3).宾语从句时特殊疑问句时,引导词用特殊疑问词。 Do you know ________? I'm not sure ,Maybe he is a businessman . A.who he is B.who is he C.what he does D.what does he do 4).若宾语从句时肯定祈使句时,就改为ask /tell sb to do sth .若为否定祈使句,就改为ask /tell sb not to sth . "Don't open the door" The teacher said . = The teacher told me _____ ____ ___ the door . 3.宾语从句的时态 1. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时,宾语从句该用什麽时态就用什麽时态。 Can you tell me _________? He is a doctor . A.what is he B.what he was C.what he is D.what was he 2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时,宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态(一般过去时, 过去进行时, 过去将来时,过去完成时)。 He asked ____________. A.what time it is B.what time is it C.what time it was D.what time was it He told me that he ______ for the sports meet. A.is preparing B.was preparing C.will prepare D.has prepared 注:1) 如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理,其时态常用一般现在时。 Our teacher said that January_____(be) the first month of the year. Our teacher said that the earth ___(go) around the sun. 2).若主句为could you …..?表示请求客气的语气,从句的时态仍然不变。 Could you tell me _______? A.what he was doing B.what was he doing C.what he is doing D.what is he doing 4.if /when 引导状语从句和宾语从句这两种从句。从句的时态的确定。
Can you guess if they___ to play football with us ? I think they will come if they ____free. A. come , are B. will come , will be C. will come , are D. come , will be Can you tell me when he____here tomorrow ? When he _____ here , please call me . A. comes , comes B. will come , will come C. will come ,comes D. comes, will come 5.宾语从句的简化: 1).宾语从句是陈述句时,且主、从句的主语一致,可简化为"动词+ to do sth". I hope I can meet you again . I hope _____ _____ you again . 2).宾语从句是疑问句时,且主、从句的主语一致,或从句的主语与主句的宾语一致。可简化为"疑问词+ to do sth". I don't know what I should do next . I don't know ____ ____ _____ next . Could you tell me how I can get there ? Could you tell me ____ ____ _____ there ? John didn't decide which shirt he would buy . John didn't decide _____ ____ _____ _____ . 3).hear / see / find + that + 从句 ,可改为"hear / see / find + sb (要用宾格) + doing sth". I heard that they were singing in the next room.= I heard _____ _____ in the next room . We found that she was playing with the cat under the tree . We found _____ _____ with the cat under the tree. |
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