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非谓语动词在高考中的考点及易错点 一．非谓语题的解题总方法与思路： 1.先看四个答案：如果四个答案分别为动词原形、不定式、现在分词、过去分词等情况，那么这个题多半是非谓语动词题。 2.看符号：中间有个逗号，末尾有个句号（有时中间没有逗号）； 3.看有没有连接词（引导词）。如果用逗号隔开的两个部分都没有连接词的话，一部分是句子时，那么另一部分就一定是非句子，而非句子里的动词就是非谓语动词。 4.定语态：如果本句的主语（或动词自带的逻辑主语）与它是逻辑上的主谓关系，那么答案一般用Ving形式；如果本句的主语（或动词自带的逻辑主语）与它是逻辑上的动宾关系（被动关系），那么答案一般用Ved形式。 5.定时态：如果非谓语的动作比谓语先（或先很久）发生，那么非谓语动词要用完成式（to have done/to have been done/ having done/ Having been done），否则我们要用非谓语的一般式（to do / to be done / doing / being done / done）。 Eg. 1._________ for an hour by his teacher, the boy felt depressed. A. Being scolded B. Having been scolded C. To be scolded D. Scolding 【1答案：B】 二．非谓语动词可能出现的考查点及易错点： 一)．使用非谓动词的语言结构。 1） 在“句子, and/or/but +句子” 的并列句结构中，可能会考查“以动词原形开头”的祈使句，四个答案表面上象非谓语，其实考查的是谓语。 2.______hard and you will succeed in the exam. 3.______hard or you will fail in the exam. A. Study B. To study C. Studying D. Studied 【2、3答案：AA】 2） 在“句子，非句子”结构中，非句子部分用非谓语： 4. The teacher devoted his life to his career, ______ most of his students successful in study. A. make B. to make C. making D. made 【4答案：C】 3） 在“非句子，句子”结构中，非句子部分用非谓语： 5. _________with children, I know what is needed most. A. Working B. Having worked C. Worked D. To work 【5答案：B】 4) 在“with + 宾语+ 宾语补足语”结构中，宾语补足语可能用非谓语动词： 6. With her baby _______ on her back, the woman was cleaning the rich man’s house. A. sleep B. slept C. to sleep D. sleeping 【6答案：D】 7. With his hair _______ like a role in the film, the boy felt very cool. A. cut B. to be cut C. cutting D. to cut 【7答案：B】 5） 在drive/leave/keep/make/have/let/get/find/hear…等使让动词或感观动词后面作宾语补足语时，也可能用非谓语动词。 8. He made his sister ______ by taking away her toy. 9. His sister was made _______ by his taking away her toy. A. cry B. to cry C. crying D. cried 【8、9答案： A B】 10. the policeman found the thief ______ his hand into an old man’s pocket and arrested him. A. put B. putting C. to put D. being put 【10答案：B】 二). 非谓语动词考点易错点： 1） 表面上考分词，实际上考形容词的情况： 11.__________ , he fell asleep quickly. A. Tire B. Tiring C. Tired D. To tire 【11答案：C】 12.The man won a big prize, __________and ________. A. surprised ; happy B. surprising ; happy C. surprised ; pleasant D. surprising ; pleased 【12答案：A】 13. _______ in thought of the problems, the man didn’t realize his girlfriend’s coming in. A. Losing B. Lost C. To lose D. Having lost 【13答案：B】 14. The students ________ in art can sign in the form and be a member of our school. A. interest B. interesting C. interested D. To interest 【14答案：C】 2) 在“被动形式表主动”情况中出题： 15. __________ a white skirt, the girl looks like a angel. A. Worn B. wear C. dressed in D. dressing 【15答案：C】 (wear的后面加衣服；dress表示动作时，后面要加人而不加衣；be dressed in是固定搭配，其中的dressed已经演变成形容词，本是其实可以看成是when the girl is dressed in a white skirt省略而来的。) 16. _______ in a armchair, he is always surfing online, eating fish and chips. A. Sit B. Sat C. Seating D. Seated 【16答案：D】 （Sit是动词，这里应该用sitting; seat作动词时，其后不加凳子，要加人，而且这个词一般用被动形式表示主动意义。） 3） 在“主动形式表被动”的情况中出题： 17.________ tired and weak, the woman should have a day off to see a doctor. A. Look B. Looking C. Looked D. Looking 【17答案：D】 （look在本题中不是实意动词，而是感观系动词，系动词在非谓语中用主动式表被动。） 18. With many problems ________ ________ , the newly selected president will have a hard time. A. remain; unsettled B. remaining; unsettled C. remained ; unsettling D. remained; unsettling 【18答案：B】 （用with开头的部分在这里是一个介词短语，不是句子，因此用非谓语，而remain表示“仍然；仍然是”时是系动词，只能用主动形式；problems与unsettle是动宾关系或被动关系，所以用过去分词unsettled.） 19. Having some clothes ___________, I cannot join you to see the film. A. to wash B. to be washed C. washed D . washing 【19答案： A】 （宾语补足语中的动词用非谓语动词；虽然衣服应该是被洗，但是当句子主语与不定式为主谓关系时，我们用主动形式表被动。） 20. _________ smooth, this kind of pen sells well in our school. A. To write B. Writing C. being written D. Written 【20答案 ：B】 ｛20解析：动词如果不是表示动作，而是表示物体具有某种性质或特征时，往往用主动形式表示被动。｝ 4）从“主语一致或主语不一致”角度出题： 逗号分开的前后两部分有时逻辑主语一致，有时逻辑主语不一致。逻辑主语不一致时，非谓语动词一般要自带逻辑主语，这种现象叫做“分词的独立主格结构。” 21. _________ from this angle, the mountain looks like a face of a man. A. To see B. Seeing C. Seen D. Saw 【21答案：C】 ｛21解析：空格处的动词本身没有带主语，那么本句的主语the mountain就要做其逻辑主语，由于the mountain与see是动宾关系，所以我们选用过去分词。｝ 22. _______, I'll go there with you tomorrow afternoon. 【22答案：C】 A. Time permits B. If time permitting C. Time permitting D. Time's permitting ｛22 解析：permit与I没有主谓关系，也没有动宾关系，permit自带了逻辑主语time(“时间允许的话”)，而time与permit为逻辑上的主谓关系，所以用现在分词的独立结构。｝ 三） 注意的几点： 1） 有些分词有时可作分词有时又可作形容词。 23. _________ enemy, Liu Hunan was very brave. 【23答案C】 24. _________ with difficulties, we should not give in.【24答案B】 A. To face B. Faced C. Facing D. face ｛23、24解析：23题中的face是一个动词，由于与Liu Hunan是逻辑上的主谓关系，我们用现在分词形式，；24题中实际上考查了be faced with这一固定搭配，其中的faced看成形容词。｝ 25. The president of South Africa flied to Libya, ______ to help solve the crisis. 26. The president of South Africa flied to Libya, ______ at helping solve the crisis. A. aim B. aiming C. aimed D. to aim 【25选B 26选C】 ｛25、26解析：25题考查了动词aim to do sth.(旨在做某事)，；26题考查固定搭配be aimed at doing sth. (旨在做某事)其中的aimed看成形容词｝ 27. Though _______ money, his parents sent him to a key university. 28. Though _______ in money, his parents sent him to a key university. 29. Though in _____ of money, his parents sent him to a key university. A. lack B. lacking C. lacked D. to lack 【27选B、28选B、29选A】 ｛27、28、29解析：27题中非谓语动词lacking（与his parents及money分别构成逻辑上的主谓关系和动宾关系）；28题中考查了固定搭配：be lacking in(“缺少”)，其中的lacking 为形容词；29题考查了固定搭配（介宾结构）in lack of(“缺少”)，其中的lack是名词，这其实是由though his parents were in lack of money省略了主语和were而业的｝ 2） 作结果状语时，doing与(only)to do的区别。 表示结果状语时，现在分词（v+ing）表示意料之中的结果；而不定式（to do/ only to do）表示意料之外的结果： 30. His parents were killed in the accident,(thus )_______ him an orphan. A. leave B. leaving C. left D. to leave 【 30选B】 ｛30解析：他父母出了事故，他变成了孤儿就是意料之中在事情了，用现在分词表结果状语。｝ 31. I hurried to school, only _______ that it was Sunday. 【31选D】 A. find B. finding C. found D. to find ｛31解析：发现是星期天是我匆忙赶到学校意料之外的结果，说明我忘记了，如果我知道是星期天就不可能还匆忙地赶到学校了。用不定式表意料之外的的结果。｝ 3） 作主语时，非谓语动词之to do 与doing 的区别。 32. _________is a good form of exercise for both young and old. 【32选B】 A. The walk B. Walking C. To walk D. Walk ｛不定式做主语常表示具体的一次性的动作;动句词表示一般的经常性的动作，多次散步才会有利于健康。｝ 4） 演变成了介词或连词的分词。 英语中有些词表面上看是分词，但实际上已经变成了介词，因此应该用ing形式还是分词ed形式已经变得约定俗成了。这时往往不适用非谓动词规则，而是看英美人士的习惯。 33. ___________her age，she looks quite young． A．Consider B. Considered C. To consider D. Considering ｛33解析：题意是：“就她的年龄而论，她显得十分年轻。”这里的considering表示“考虑到；鉴于”，它已经变成了介词，不管是“考虑还是被考虑”这里都用considering。｝ 高中阶段我们还学过的有：
5） 有些非谓语动词是省略而来的，有些则不是。 34. ______ by her mother, the girl burst into tears. 【34选B】 A. Be scolded B. Scolded C. Scolding D. To scold ｛34解析：scold与the girl是动宾关系，因此用过去分词作原因状语；其实这个句子也是由一个完整的原因状语从句省略来的。原句为：Because the girl was scolded by her mother, the girl burst into tears.当主从复合句的主语一致，且谓语动词里有be 动词时，可以把 “连词+主语+be” 部分省略。｝ 35. ____________ the tomb for 5 years, he is now called an expert more or less. 【35选B】 A. Studying B. Having studied C. Having been studied D. To study ｛35解析：逗号前面部分不是句子省略而来，由于he 与study是逻辑上的主谓关系，加上study在先（有5年了），被 叫做“专家”在后，所以用非谓语动词的主动完成式｝ 6） “连词+分词”和“介词+动名词”的区别。 36. if _________ another hour, I would have finished it better.(give的恰当形式填空)。 37. While _________ homework, the boy likes listening to light music.(do的恰当形式填空) ｛6、37解析：36.given 是由if I had been given another hour省略来的，if 在省略前省略后都是连词；37.doing 是由while the boy are doing homework省略来的，while在省略前后都是连词｝ 38. After __________ , he found a job as a secretary in a company.(graduate的恰当形式填空) 39. Before_________ a proper person to be the new president, the old president wouldn’t resign.(select的恰当形式填空) ｛38、39解析：38. graduating/graduation after 这时是个介词，所以后面总是用动名词，如果改为after he graduated，那么这个after就变成了连词。39题中的before用法与after 一样，后面加句子时，是连词，后面只加一个动词时，要用动名词形式，并充当介词。所以39填selecting｝ 非谓语动词专练： 1. While watching television, ____________. A. the doorbell rang B. we heard the doorbell ring C. there was someone knocking at the door D. we heard the doorbell rung 2． China is known greatly in terms of its cultural values over the past few years. A．to change B．having changed C．changing D．to have changed 3． I’m afraid we’ll have to work extra hours, for there are still some problems ． A．remaining to settle B．remaining to be settled C．remained to talk about D．to remain to discuss 4. We tried hard, and eventually, we were able to get Mike ____us his car just for a day. A. lending B. lend C. to lend D. lent 5． The local government is trying all out to find out who is the forest fire． A．to blame for starting B．to blame to start C．to be blamed for starting D．to be blamed to start 6． The railway bridge ____ by 2012 will provide a faster route to transport goods． A．to be completed B．is completed C．completed D．being completed 7． All the class except Eddie, who is ill,____there． A．were expecting going C．was expecting going D．are expected to go 8. The Haiti earthquake at the beginning of 2010 is believed _______ more than 100,0130 people and makes millions homeless, ______ it perhaps the A. to kill; making B. to have killed; making C. having killed; to make D. killing; made 9．I only know we will have a League meeting, but I have no idea when _________ it． A．shall we have B．will we have C．to have D．having 10. —What are you busy with? —The conference ______in our city next week, as you know. A. held B. will be held C. be holding D. to be held 11. An air France jet is reported in the Atlantic Ocean with 228 people aboard，the airline’s worst disaster in its 75-year history． A．to have crashed B．to have been crashed C. 12. Her husband and she are now at work on a new dictionary ______ next year. A. to publish B. being published C. published D. to be published 13． The 2010 World Expo _____ in Shanghai is expected to attract more than 70 million visitors from home and abroad. A. to hold B. to be held C. held D. to be holding 14. When the telephone rang, I happened______in the kitchen, but when I came over to get it, it rang off. A. to cook B. to have cooked C. to be cooking D. having cooked 15 — I'm wondering why the visitors chose to stay w — _____real local life. A. Experiencing B. Experience C. To experience D. Having experienced 16. –Why do you want the radio so much? -- to the news, sir. A. Listening B. Listens C. Listened D. To listen 17. The government has done everything it can the buried miners. A. to save B. saving 18. people have food and water, the government has sent enough supplies to quake-hit Yushu. A. Make sure B. To make sure C. Making sure D. Made sure 19． Our teachers often tell us, “the harder you study, the more questions you will think of ．” A．asking B．to ask C．being asked D．to be asked 20. To greatly raise people’s living conditions, _______. A. all kinds of measures have taken B. they have taken all kinds of measures C. it is said that they have taken all kinds of measures D. I think they have taken all kinds of measures 21. ______ the growing number of patients, the clinic had to extend its service from five days to seven days a A. To accommodate B. Accommodating C. Being accommodated D. Accommodated 22. Ted and his friends established a website offering useful information about thunderstorms ______ similar accidents happening. A. prevent B. preventing C. to prevent D. prevented 23. _______ more about Participant Service of Expo 2010, Shanghai China, call Hotline +86-21-962010. A. To find out B. Finding out C. Find out D. Having found out 24. He hurried to the hotel, only _________ his girlfriend had left. A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. told 25. _______60 miles a day, you need your mountain bike in a very good state. A. Cover B. Covered C. To cover D. Having covered 26． Our monitor， it clear to us that he didn’t want to waste time playing computer games—left the Internet bar quickly. A．made B．having made C．making D．had made 27. _______ by greater demand of vegetables, farmers have built more green houses. A. Driven B. Being driven C. To drive D. Having driven 28． _____ the chapter four times, I finally understood the author's theory． A．Reading B．Having read C．To read D．Read 29. –Come on, please give me some ideas about the project. –Sorry, with so much work __________ my mind, I almost break down. A. filled B. filling C. to fill D. being filled 30. The manager, ______his factory’s products were poor in quality, decided to give his workers further training. A. knowing B. known C. to know D. being known 31 The 82nd Oscars Academy Awards, ________ the best in film for 2009, was held on Sunday, March 7, 2010. A. to honor B. honoring C. honored D. having honored 32． The Hotel Al Arab ______ the first and only 7-star hotel in the world was designed in the shape of a sail of 321 meters. A．was considered B．considering C．being considered D．considered 33．In 1888, a major French newspaper announced the death of Nobel in an article ________ “The merchant of death is dead”, which indicated that Nobel was only thought of as one _______ from killing. A. read; profiting B. read; to profit C. reading; profited D. reading; profiting 34. Nowadays, many people about eating habits what they believe. A. take choices; base on B. make choices; based on C. do choices; basing on D. have choices; to base on 35. China has a population of 1.3 billion, ____ it the largest country in the world by population. A. making B. made C. makes D. to make 36． Three times in a row ,the boxer decided to give up fighting. A．Having defeated B．To have defeated C．Having been defeated D．To have been defeated 37． after a long walk， Henry called and said he couldn’t come for our party． A．Having worn out B．Wearing out C．Worn out D．To be worn out 38． According to the report, people in the areas are rebuilding their homes and many roads to the areas have been repaired. A．flooded; lead B．flooding; leading C．flooding; to lead D．flooded; leading 39.－What are on show in the museum? －Some pictures ____ by middle-school students. A. taking B. having been taken C . taken D. being taken 40.They plan to go abroad for a holiday with all the task _______ahead of time. A. to finish B. finished C. finishing D. having finished 41.______, in some areas the electricity was cut off, ______ residents in 8 counties spend their lunar New Year’s Eve in darkness. A. Making matters worse, making B. What was worse, to make C. Worse still, making D. To make matters worse, to make 42.From the school name on the package, we guessed that it might belong to a student of our school. A. to mark B. marking C. marked D. having been marked 43. In summer, food will go bad if________in room temperature. A．leaving B．left C．being left D．having left 44． Once this city, you’ll find that there is so much surprise waiting for you to discover． A．visiting B．visit C．visited D．to visit 45． Subway Line 4， into use in September 2009，has made traveling in Beijing easier． A．having been put B．putting C．being put D．put 46. --- Is there any possibility of the film ____ in Paris International Festival? --- Not in the least, because the audience generally think little of it. A. trying out B. tried out C. to try out D. being tried out 47. With three children school, the couple have to leave their hometown in the countryside and work in big cities throughout the year. A. attending B. to attending C. attended D. being attended 48. When I came in, I found Lucy_____ by the window ______to music. A. seated； listening B. seated; listened C. seating ； listened D. seating ； listening 49. You should understand the math problem now, you have had it ________three times. A. explaining B. to explain C. explained D. explain 50． Stella was disappointed to find her new plan and fell into great depression. A．put away B．carried out C．turned down D．left out 非谓语专练习题解析 1B考查非谓语动词及状语从句的省略。根据watching television可知，主句的主语为“我们”，并且hear后接不带to的不定式作宾补。故选B。 2D考查不定式的完成时。根据over the past few years可知动作已经完成。故用不定式的完成时。 3B考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：我恐怕不得不加班了，因仍有一些问题有待处理。根据句意问题被解决可知选B。 4C考查动词搭配及非谓语动词。此处考查短语get sb to do sth使某人做某事。 5A考查非谓语动词的用法。此处to blame用不定式的主动形式表被动；介词for后用动名词。 6A考查非谓语动词的用法。不定式作定语表示将来的动作。 7D考查非谓语动词及主谓一致的用法。句意：除了Eddie班里的所有学生都期望去那里。 8B。be believed to have done sth．据信已经做了某事；making it perhaps the most destroying earthquake in history．为现在分词短语作结果状语。 9．C “wh疑问词 + 不定式”结构作宾语、表语或者同位语，表示（将来）要做的事情，等于从句：When we shall / will have it。 10D考查非谓语动词的用法。根据next week可知选to be held，不定式作定语表示将来的动作。 11. A. 此题考查非谓语动词的用法. 据报道,一架装有228名乘客的法国飞机坠落在大西洋,是航空75年的历史上最大的灾难. 12D考查不定式作定语。此处to be published作定语，修饰a new dictionary，意为：她和她的丈夫正在编写的明年要出版一本新的词典。 13B考查不定式作定语。此处The 2010 World Expo to be held in Shanghai即将在上海举行的世博会。 14C考查不定式的进行时。句意：当电话响的时候，我碰巧正在厨房做饭。根据句意选C。 15C考查不定式作目的状语。原句可改为：the visitors chose to stay with the host famil 16D在情景对话中考查不定式作目的状语。原句为：I want the radio so much to listen to the news。此处to listen作目的状语。 17A考查不定式作状语。此句can后省略了do，原句结构为：The government has done everything it can do to save the buried miners. 18B考查动词不定式作目的状语。句意：为确保人们有食物和饮用水，政府已经向玉树震灾区运输足够的供应物资。 19B 考查非谓语动词。此题容易错选asking。因为think of 已经有自己的宾语the more questions,所以选to ask 目的状语，意为“想出更多的问题来问”。 20 B分析语境可知，为了提高人民生活水平的逻辑主语应为“他们”，因此应用they做主句主语。不定式做目的状语时，其逻辑主语应为主句主语。 21A考查不定式作目的状语。句意：为满足不断增长的病人的要求，诊所不得不把他们的服务由一周五天增加到七天。 22C考查不定式作目的状语。句意：泰德和他的朋友们建立一个提供有关雷雨信息的网站以避免类似事故的发生。根据句意选C。 23A 考查不定式作状语。此处不定式to find out表目的。 24B考查不定式作结果状语。句意：他急匆匆地到达旅馆却意外发现他的女朋友已经离开了。此处不定式作状语表意外的结果。 25C 考查不定式作状语。句意：为了每天行60英里，你的山地车需要好的车况。 26B考查非谓语动词的用法。本句可改为：Having made it clear to us that he didn’t want to waste time playing computer games，our monitor left the Internet bar quickly。先声明然后再离开，故用现在分词的完成时。 27.A考查非谓语动词的用法。此处过去分词短语driven by greater demand of vegetables作原因状语。 28B考查非谓语动词的用法。根据句意：read动作应发生在understand前，故用现在分词的完成时；I 和read之间是主动关系，故用现在分词状语。 29B考查非谓语动词及with的复合结构。此处with+名词+现在分词的结构状语。 30A考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：因为懂得他的工厂生产的产品质量差，经理决定让他的员工进修。此句可改为：Knowing his factory’s products were poor in quality, the manager decided to give his workers further training。此处Knowing his factory’s products were poor in quality作原因状语。 31B考查非谓语动词的用法。此处The 82nd Oscars Academy Awards与honor之间是主动关系故用现在分词，其可以改写为非限制性定语从句：which honored the best in film for 2009。 32D 考查非谓语动词的用法。此处过去分词短语considered the first and only 7-star hotel in the world作定语，修饰the Hotel Al Arab。 33D考查非谓语动词的用法。第一空reading作伴随状语；第二空one与profit之间是主动关系，用现在分词作定语。 34B考查短语及分词作定语。此处make choices做出选择，eating habits与based on是被动关系，故用过去分词短语作后置定语。 35A考查非谓语动词的用法。此处现在分词作结果表示自然的结果。句意：中国有13亿人口，致使它成为世界上人口最多的国家。 36C考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：一连三次被打败，那个拳击手决定放弃拳击。根据句意拳击手被打败可知选C。 37C考查非谓语动词的用法。此句相当于Because he was worn out after a long walk, Henry called and said he couldn’t come for our party． 38D考查非谓语动词的用法。第一空指被洪水袭击的地方，用过去分词表被动；第二空road与lead之间是主动关系，用现在分词作定语。 39C 考查非谓语动词的用法。答语是省略句，taken by middle-school students 为过去分词短语作定语，表示一个被动的、已经完成的动作。 40B 此题考查with的复合结构。With+名词+过去分词作状语，“所有的任务被完成”，故用过去分词。 41C考查独立成分及非谓语动词的用法。句意：更糟糕的是，一些地区断了电，致使八个县的居民在黑暗中过除夕。第一空插入语Worse still；第二空现在分词作结果状语。 42C考查过去分词的用法。句意：根据被刻在包裹上的学校名字，我们推测它可能是我们学校的一名学生的。the school name被刻在包裹上，所以用过去分词。 43.B考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：在夏天，食物处于室温下会变坏。根据句意食物被放在室温下，故用过去分词。 44A考查非谓语动 45D考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：2009年9月被付诸使用的第四条地铁使在北京的旅游更容易。Subway Line 4被使用，所以用过去分词。其相当于非限制性一个定语从句which was put into use in September 2009。 46D考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：那部电影有可能在巴黎国际电影节上被试播吗？此处the film与try out之间为被动关系。 47A考查with的复合结构。此处with+宾语+现在分词作原因状语。因three children与attend之间为主动关系，故用现在分词。 48A考查非谓语动词的用法。第一空过去分词seated作宾补，第二空listening to music作伴随状语。 49C考查非谓语动词的用法。此处考查have sth done的结构，此处过去分词explained作宾补。 50C考查过去分词作宾补。句意：Stella发现她的新计划被拒绝感到失望。此处考查find sth done结构。 |
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