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高中英语选修7第三单元重点、难点词汇 1、 I witnessed it with my own eyes many times. (P20)后来我亲眼见过多次。 关键透析witness v. 目击 n.目击者 Did anyone witness the car accident? 有谁目击了这次车祸。 用法归纳 用适当的词(主要是介词)填空。 (1)in witness to 作为……的对质 (2) witness of an accident 事件的目击者 (3)give witness to a law court 在法庭上作证 2. We ran down to the shore in time to see an enormous animal throwing itself out of the water and then crashing down again. (P20)我们跑到了岸边，正好看见看见一头巨大的动物猛力跃出水面，然后又坠落到水里。 关键透析throw oneself +介词……，其中throw的用法比较灵活，根据不同的语境有不同的含义。例如： He threw cold water on her idea. 他向她的想法泼冷水。 She threw herself into chair and began to cry. 她倒在椅子上，开始哭泣起来。 His father has thrown himself into education. 他的爸爸全身心地投入教育事业。 联想拓展 throw away 扔掉，抛弃throw down 扔下throw off 匆匆脱掉（衣物）摆脱掉 throw at 向……投掷，向……扔throw to 投给…… = pass sth. to sb. You can help him to throw this book to him but it’s wrong to throw books at others. 你可以帮他把书传给他，但向别人投掷书本是不对的。 易混辨析 shore /seaside/ coast /beach/ bank shore 指海岸、湖岸，也指近海的一带，以水或海洋为中心而言，同时可指海边休息的地方。 seaside 指近海边地区供游客休憩的地方。 coast通常指狭长的海岸，以陆地为中心而言，例如一个临海的城市的海岸线就用此词。 beach指海洋或较大的湖泊在涨潮时被淹没而在退潮时又露出的斜 坡，上面多布满细少或卵石，常指人们玩乐或消遣的沙滩，海滩。 bank 指河流的堤、岸。 I like to lie on the beach with sunglasses and enjoy the sunshine. 我喜欢戴着太阳镜，躺在沙滩上，享受着阳光浴。 We often see many ships on the sea about several miles off the shore. 我们经常在离岸几英里处的海面上看到很多船。 It’s dangerous to leave the little children playing alone on the bank of this river. 让小孩独自在河堤上玩是很危险的。 Last summer we spent three weeks at the seaside. 去年夏天我们在海边呆了三个星期。 We could tell from his accent that he came from Scotland. 人的口音可以知道他来自苏格兰。 3. George said as he ran ahead of me. (P20)乔治在我前面边跑边说。 关键透析ahead of 既可指在空间上的……之前，也可指在时间上的……之 前，同时还可表示比……强/好。 Ahead of us sat the leaders of our province.坐在我们前面的是省上的领导们。 He arrived there an hour ahead of the appointed time.他比预定时间提早了一个小时到那里。 The girl said, “I must try to get a geography book, otherwise others will be ahead of me.” 那个女孩说，“我必须尽力得到一本地理书，否则，别人就会比我好。” ahead adv.向前，朝前，在前；处于……领先地位. The way ahead was blocked by fallen trees.前面的路被倒下的树挡住了. He ran ahead.他跑在前头 联想拓展 ahead of 在……前面，超过 go ahead = help oneself 请自便，开始吧 get ahead of 超过 look ahead 向前看，想未来 4. I had already heard that George didn’t like being kept waiting, so even though I didn’t have the right clothes on, I grabbed my boots and raced after him.(P20)我以前就听说过，乔治不喜欢等人，所以尽管我还没有穿上合适的衣服，就跟在他后面跑起来。 关键透析even though = although 尽管 Even though I have failed the exam again, I will not lose heart. 尽管我又考试不及格，我绝不会灰心丧气。 联想拓展 Even though = even if;即使，纵然。 Even though/if it rains tomorrow, I will still go camping. 即使明天下雨，我还会继续去野营的。 Even though/if I had known his phone number, I wouldn’t have called him. 纵然昨天我知道他的电话号码，我也不会给他打电话的。 5. George told me, pointing towards the hunt. (P20) 乔治一面指着捕猎的情景，一面告诉我。 关键透析 pointing towards the hunt 表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作told同时发生。 I don’t mind what we were doing, as long as we were together, having fun. 我并不在意我们当时在干什么，只要我们在一起，开心就好。 6. Within a moment or two, its body was dragged by the killers down into the depths of the sea. (P20) 过了片刻，鲸的尸体就被虎鲸们拖向深海中去了。 关键透析depths在此处表示“底层，深处” depth作“底层，深处”解时可以用复数形式，又可用单数形式。例如： the depth(s) of the ocean 海洋深处 the depth(s) of despair绝望的深渊 The water of the lake deepened gradually. 湖水渐渐变深。（deepen v 加深） Because of drinking too much wine, now he is in a deep sleep. (deep adj 深的) She took a deep breath and then dived into the river.她深深地吸了口气，然后潜入河里。 They sat and talked deep into the night. (deep adv 深的)他们坐着谈话，一直谈到深夜。 易混辨析 deep与deeply作副词使用时均含由上到下或从外到里距离大的意思。deep只含此义，而且比deeply更通用，其后通常接into或below。deeply除了上述意义外，还有“非常”的意思，相当于“very much”。 1） We have decided to go deeper into the jungle. 我们决定继续深入丛林中。 2） They were deeply shocked at the news. 听到这个消息，他们大为震惊。 7. In the meantime, Old Tom, and the others are having a good feed on its lips and tongue. (P20) 在这段时间内，老汤姆和其他虎鲸会饱餐一顿的，鲸唇和鲸舌就是他们的美食。 关键透析 in the mean time 同时，期间 She's supposed to arrive on Thursday. In the mean time, what do we do? 她预定星期四到达. 这期间我们做什麽呢? 用法归纳 meanwhile=at the same time=in the mean time;用法和 however 一样,具有副词性质，不能连接两个句子,但是意思上有承接概念。 feed some animal / sb. on sth. feed sth. to some animal /sb 用……，喂…… feed ...with .../ feed...into ...给……添加…… We always feed our dog on/with meat. = We feed meat to our dog. 我们总是喂肉给狗吃。 She fed the fire with some coal = She fed some coal into the fire. 她往火中添了一些煤。 易混辨析 feed on 以……为主食 通常是动物作主语。 live on 以……为主食 通常是人作主语。 1） Many animals feed on grass. 很多动物以草为主食。 2） Most Chinese live on rice. 大部分的中国人以大米为主食。 8. I could see he was terrified of being abandoned by us. (P21) 我可以看出来他非常恐慌，害怕被我们遗弃。 abandon vt. 离开而不返回，遗弃，抛弃，放弃 The match was abandoned because of bad weather. 比赛因恶劣的天气而取消. 联想拓展 abandon oneself完全屈从于 abandonment n.[u]遗弃，离弃，抛弃，放弃，舍弃 abandon n.放肆，任性 abandoner n.放弃者，遗弃者，投保者 abandonee n.承保人，被遗弃者 abandoned adj.被遗弃的,自暴自弃的,无耻的 abandonment n. 放弃,放肆 易混辨析 abandon, desert, give up abandon 强调永远或完全放弃人或事物等；可能是被迫的，也可能是自愿的； desert 着重指违背法律责任和义务或自己的信仰与誓言的行为，多含非难的意味； give up 普通用语，侧重指没有希望，或因为外界压力而放弃. It’s foolish of him to give up without trying. 9. I saw James being held up in the water by Old Tom. (P21) 我看到老汤姆在水中正稳稳的举起詹姆斯。 关键透析hold up 举起，使延误 I held up my hand to show that I had a question.我举手表示有问题。 We were held up on our way to the airport in a traffic jam. 我们在前往机场的路上因为堵车而延误。 联想拓展 hold a meeting 举行会议catch hold of 抓住hold on（电话）不挂断hold on to 抓住不放 hold back = keep back 阻止，抑制（眼泪等）hold out 伸出 We thought of selling his old furniture. but we’ve decided to hold on to it. It might be valuable. 我们原想着卖掉那些旧家具，但是我们现在决定保留它们。这些家具可能会很值钱。 10. What other animals help out humans in hunting? (P21) 还有其他的什么动物帮助人们捕猎？ 关键透析help out 帮助……（摆脱困境或危险） I do not really work here; I am just helping out until the new secretary arrives. 我实际上不在这儿工作，我只是在新秘书来之前帮帮忙。 联想拓展 with the help of sb. 在某人的帮助下 help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做…… help sb. (to) do sth.帮助某人做 help oneself to sth.请自便，请随便吃…… Can’t help to do sth.不能帮助做 Can’t help doing sth.情不自禁做…… cannot help but to do sth. 不得不…… 11. I’m sitting in the warm night with a cold drink in my hand and reflecting on the day—a day of pure magic!(P23) 我坐在温暖的夜色中，手持一杯冷饮回忆着这一天—这奇妙至极的一天！ 关键透析 本句中，要注意with +宾语补足语这一结构，宾语补足语可由介词短语、不定式、现在分词、形容词、副词等充当。 The lady came in with a baby in her arms. 女士抱着孩子进来了。 With a lot of problems to solve, the newly-elected president felt like a cat on hot bricks. 有很多问题急待处理，新当选的总统急得像热锅上的蚂蚁。 With a local village guiding the way, we found his house very easily. 有当地村民带路，我们轻易地找到了他家。 We went on smoothly with the problems settled. 问题解决了，我们进展很顺利。 12. But many other animals are found hanging there. (P23) 关键透析hang v挂，吊， The boy hung his head in shame.那个男孩羞愧地低下了头 联想拓展 hang back踌躇不前，退缩 hang down下垂，低下头 hang on to紧紧握住，坚持下去 hang on upon抱住不放，坚持下去，赖着不走，不挂断电话 hang about=hang around徘徊，荡来荡去 hang by/on/upon a thread/hair千钧一发 hang it doubt疑惑不决 hang up挂，吊，拖延，终止，挂断电话 13. I told myself they weren’t dangerous but that didn’t stop me from feeling scared to death for a moment. (P24) 我告诉自己，他们并不危险，但是这并不能阻止我吓得要死。 关键透析Scare v. 恐吓，受惊吓，感到害怕， He scares easily.他动不动就害怕 联想拓展 scared adj scared of sb/sth,, scared of doing sth/to do sth scary adj 引起恐慌的 scare sb away/off 把某人吓跑 scare sb into/out of sth(doing sth)吓得某人做/不敢做某事 beat to death把……打死 starve to death饿死 thirst to death渴死 freeze to death冻死 sentence to death判处死刑 14. The first thing I became aware of was all the vivid colors surrounding me. (P24) 我首先意识到的是我周围的所有这些生动的色彩。 关键透析 be / become aware of 意识到，知道，明白，觉察到 be /become aware that 后面接句子。意识到…… We should always be aware of what we are doing at any time. 我们应该时刻知道自己在干什么。 Are you aware that they don’t get along well with each other? 你知道他们相处不和睦吗？ 用法归纳 aware adj. 1) 对某人某事知道，明白，察觉到，意识到,常构成 Phrases: be aware of sb/ sth 对---明白，意识到 be aware that--- 意识到 as far as I’m aware--- 据我所知 make sb. aware of—让某人知道 2)见闻广博的，(对时事)感兴趣的 She’s always been a politically aware person.他一直非常关心政治. 14. The fish didn’t seem to mind me swimming among them. (P24) 那些鱼似乎并不介意我在他们中间游泳。 关键透析 mind me swimming------动名词的复合结构 -动名词的复合结构是“物主代词或名词的所有格+动名词“ 构成，在句中作主语、宾语、表语等；如果不是在句子开头，这个结构常常用名词的宾格或名词性的物主代词来代替 Do you mind my /me/Jack’s/Jack leaving now? 我活杰克现在离开你介吗？ |
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