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The science of horticulture, in which the primary concerns are maximum yield and superior quality, utilizes information derived from other sciences.
主要目的在于丰富和优质的农艺学利用了其他科学的知识。  【解析】1.horticulture n.园艺学 Horticulture is the industry and science of plant cultivation. 园艺是一种产业和科学的栽培植物。 2.in which, for which, on which, at which的不同用法 1)这些都是定语从句里面，由which引导的定语从句，介词提前。下面这些介词的使用除了意思上的区别，具体是要以which引导的从句而定的。 ①in which可以翻译成在……里面 The school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous. = The school in which he once studied is very famous. ②for which可以翻译成为了……目的 Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine (that/which) you asked for. = Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine for which you asked. ③on which可以翻译成在……的上面，或具体时间的某一天 I have a dresser in my bedroom, which there are many cosmetics on. = I have a dresser in my bedroom on which there are many cosmetics. ④at which可以翻译成在……里面或在…… The dumpling House which he often has dumplings at is very popular. = The dumpling House is very popular, at which he often has dumplings. 2)当然第一点只是介词作为基本意思的用法，还有一些固定搭配，得具体情况具体分析。 ①The plane may be several hours late, in which case there’s no point in our waiting. （固定搭配：in the case) ②The speaker paused to examine his notes, at which point a loud crash was heard. （固定搭配：at the point) ③Ten years of hard work changed her greatly, for which reason he could hardly recognize her at first sight. （固定搭配：for the reason） ④The film at which I fell asleep was very boring. （Here "at which" is based on "fell asleep at the film"因为电影无聊而睡觉。） ⑤The little creature in which scientists are interested is known as ET. （这里"be interested in"是词组原因） ⑥This is the book for which he is looking. （即等于This is the book which he is looking for，这主要是因为look for 这一短语） 3.maximum 1)n.最大量；最大限度；最高点 This hall holds a maximum of seventy people. 这厅最多容纳七十人。 2)adj.最高的；最大极限的 The maximum temperature in July may be 36 Celsius degree. 七月份最高温度可能达到36摄氏度。 4.derive 1)v.获取；得自；起源 We shall derive much benefit from reading good novels. 我们将从优秀小说中获得很大好处。 2)derive不论是用作不及物动词,还是用作及物动词,都与介词from搭配使用,表示“从…得到或派生”。 Anna's strength is derived from her parents and her sisters... 安娜的坚强源自于她的父母和姐姐们。 【句子】
Snow aids farmers by keeping heart in the lower ground levels, thereby saving the seeds from freezing. 雪对农民是一种帮助，因为它保持地层土壤的温度，使种子不致冻死。 【解析】 1.aid的用法 1)用作名词 ① 表示一般意义的“帮助”或“援助”，是不可数名词： The family lived on government aid for two years. 这一家人靠政府援助生活了两年。 ②表示“助手”或“辅助用品”等具体意义，是可数名词： A dictionary is an important aid in learning a new language. 词典是学习一种新语言的重要工具。 ③用于短语： (a) come (go) to one’s aid 来(去)帮助某人： They all came to my aid. 他们都来帮助我。 (b) in aid of 用来帮助...： He collected money in aid of charity. 他为资助慈善事业募捐。 该短语通常用于 What’s ...in aid of?(...有什么用?)这样的结构： What’s the money in aid of? 这钱作什么用? (c) with the aid of 借助...的帮助： We may travel with the aid of a good map. 我们可以靠一张好地图去旅行。 2)用作动词(及物) They aided us with money. 他们用钱资助我们。 注意以下正误句型： 我们已帮助他们提前完成了工作。 正：We’ve aided him to finish the work ahead of time. 正：We’ve aided him in finishing the work ahead of time. 误：We’ve aided him finish the work ahead of time. 3)比较 aid 与 help： ①help 属普通用词，多用于口语和一般性文体；而 aid 则属正式用词，多用于较正式的文体。 ②在表示较大的经济或物质帮助时一般用 aid, 较少用 help。 ③两者句型有同有异： 正：help sb (to) do sth (to 可省略) 误：help sb doing sth 正：aid sb to do sth (to 不可省略) 正：aid sb in doing sth 误：aid sb do sth 2.save常见短语 1)save for (v.+prep.)为…积蓄 It is necessary to save for when you are ill or too old to work. 有必要存些钱以备生病或年老不能工作时用。 2)save from (v.+prep.)从…中救出,使免受 The brave soldier saved a child from a burning house. 那勇敢的战士从着火的房子里救出了一个孩子。 3)save till (v.+prep.)把…保存到… Let's save this bottle of wine till Christmas. 我们把这瓶酒留到圣诞节再喝吧。 4)ave up (v.+adv.)储存起来 I am saving up to buy a car. 我在攒钱买车。 【句子】 Even though the precise qualities of hero in literary words may vary over time, the basic exemplary function of the hero seems to remain constant. 当代文学作品中的英雄本色虽各有千秋，但其昭世功力却是恒古不变的。 【解析】 1.even though和even if的用法区别 1)even if 引导的从句是往往是假设性的，相当于汉语的“即使”“纵然”“就算”“哪怕” They’ll stand by you even if you don’t succeed. 即使你不成功，他们也会支持你。 【注意】 正因为even if从句的内容通常是假设性的，所以有时还可用于虚拟语气；这样用的even if 与单独使用的if比较接近 Even if he had the money, he wouldn’t buy it. 他即使有钱也不会买它。 2)even though 引导的从句内容往往是真实的，主要用于引出不利用于主句情况的信息，相当于汉语的“尽管”“虽然” He went out even though it was raining. 尽管在下雨，他还是出去了。 3)不过，在实际语言运用中，even if与even though有时也可不加区别地混用 Even if [Even though] she laughs at him, he likes her. 尽管她嘲笑他，他还是很喜欢她。 2.precise 1)adj.精确的；恰好的；准确的；严格的 With the new technique, measurement was claimed to be much more precise. 有了这种技术,人们断言测量的结果会精确得多。 2)precise, accurate, exact辨析 这三个词都有“准确,精确”的意思。 accurate强调“准确性”,即“与事实无出入”; exact指数量上或质量上高度准确,强调各细节均与事实或标准完全符合,“丝毫不差”; precise是正式用词,含意是“明确,精密”,强调定义或界限的鲜明和准确,含有刻板的意味。 3.literary adj. 文学的；书面的；从事文学研究的 He is endowed with literary talent. 他有文学天分。 4.exemplary adj.可仿效的；模范的 And this exemplary treatment of herself by herself constitutes her presence. 这种作为模范的自我待遇，正构成了她的风度。 |
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