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1.assoonas…一…就…=directly/immediately/instantly… =thesecond/theminute/themoment/theinstant… Eg.Hecamearoundtoseemeassoonas/themoment/immediatelyhecheckedinthehotel. 他刚一入住宾馆就来看我. Theyinformedusthenewsimmediately/directlytheygotit. 他们一得到消息就通知了我们. Thepolicemancametothespotthemoment/theinstant/theminutesheheardoftheaccident.一听说事故，这位警察就到了现场. 2.….before…. (1).没来得及…就… Therooffellbeforehehadtimetodashintotheroomtosavehisbaby. 他还没有来得及冲进房间把孩子就出来，房顶就塌了. HeranoffbeforeIcouldstophim. Tomygreatdisappointment，myfavoritesingerlefttheconcertbeforeIcouldhaveawordwithhim. (2).过了多久才怎么样，动作进行到什么程度才怎样 Theywalkedaboutthirtymilestothewestbeforetheysawavillage. Theyworkeddayandnightaboutthreedaysbeforeeverythingreturnedtonormal. ThreeyearspassedbeforeIknewit. 3.Itwas+时间段+before….过了多久才….； Itwasnotlongbefore…不久就… Itwill(not)be+时间段+before…要过多久(不久)…..才….. Eg.Itwasnotlongbeforehesensedthedangeroftheposition. Itwasthreeyearsbeforehecameback. Itwillbehalfayearbeforeyougraduatefromthisschool. 4.nosooner…than…=hardly…when…一…就….，刚刚…就… Nosooner/hardly+过去完成时，than/when+一般过去时 如果nosooner，hardly位于句首，主句要倒装. HehadhardlysatdowntohavearestwhenthedoorbellrangandincameAllan. Nosoonerhadhegotoffthetrainthanhisdaughterrantowardshim. Hardlyhadwearrivedwhenshestartedcryingtogohome. 5.once一旦….，表示时间和条件 Onceyouunderstandthisrule，youwillhavenofurtherdifficulty. Onceyouhavedecidedtodosomething，youshoulddoitwell. Onceyouenterthechemistrylab，youshouldfollowtheteacher’sinstructions. 6.since…自从….以来 Since引导的从句不论是延续性或非延续性动词，都表示的是动作或状态的完成或结束. 注意一下句子翻译： SincehelivedinNanjing，Ihavenotheardfromhim.(=sinceheleftNanjing…) 自从他离开南京以来，我没有收到过他的信. SinceshewasinYangzhou，shehaskeptintouchwithherformerfriends.(sincesheleftYangzhou…) 她离开扬州以来，一直同过去的朋友保持着联系. 对比： 1).Ihaveneverseenhimsincehewasill. 他病好后，我就再也没有见到他. 2).Ihaveneverseenhimsincehefellill. 他生病以后我就再也没有见过他. Itis/(hasbeen)+时间段+since+过去式 Itis/hasbeentwoyearssincehisfatherdied. =hisfatherhasbeendeadfortwoyears.=hisfatherdiedtwoyearsago. 他的父亲去世两年了. Ithasbeen8yearssinceIgraduatedfromuniversity. =Igraduatedfromuniversity8yearsago. Itis3yearssincehesmoked.他三年不吸烟了.(即，从句动词延续性的，译成否定意义；从句动词非延续性的，译成肯定意义.) Itis3yearssinceheleftschool.-----他毕业三年了. 7….until…直到…时候；not…until…直到…才… Youaretostayhereuntil/tillyourmothercomesback. Themeetingwasputoffuntilteno’clock. NotuntilwewatchedtheEarthDayprogramonTVdidweknowmuchaboutglobalwarning. =WedidnotknowmuchaboutglobalwarninguntilwewatchedtheEarthDayprogram. =ItwasnotuntilwewatchedtheEarthDayprogramonTVthatweknewmuchaboutglobalwarming. Notuntilhefailedintheexamdidherealizethathehadwastedmuchtimeplayingcomputergames. 8.…when…引导并列分句，“当时，突然”，强调另一动作的突然发生. OnedayChuckwasonaflightacrossthePacificOceanwhensuddenlyhisplanecrashed.Chucksurvivedthecrashandlandedonadesertedisland. IwaswalkingalongtheriverwhenIheardadrowningboycryingforhelp. Iwasabouttoleavewhenitbegantorain. 对比：A：IwaswalkingalongthestreetwhenIcaughtsightofatailor’sshop. B：Iwaswalkingalongthestreets.JustatthatmomentIcaughtsightofatailor’sshop. 9.while=although尽管 WhileIadmitthattheproblemisdifficult，Idon’tthinkthatitcan’tbesolved. WhileIadmithisgoodpoints，Icanseehisshortcomings. WhileIwasangrywithher，Ididn’tlosemytemper. 10.where地点状语 Youshouldputthebookwhereitwas. Persistentpeoplebegintheirsuccesswhereothersendinfailure. Wherethereisawill，thereisaway. Wheremenaregreedy，thereisneverpeace. Gowhereyoushould，keeponstudying. 11.as引导的行为方式状语从句. Pleasedoexactlyasyourdoctorsays. YoumustdotheexercisesjustasIshowyou Asitis=asthingsare照现在的情形看 Hepromisedtostudyhard，butasitis，hedoesnobetterthanbefore. Leavethehouseasitis.I’dliketobuyitasitis. 12.asif(asthough)好像 HelookedatmeasifIweremad. Hewasingreattrouble，butheactedif/thoughnothinghadhappened. Althoughtheyjustmetforthefirsttime，theytalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsformanyyears. Theremanyblackcloudsinthesky.Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain. 13.though，although，as“虽然”，引导让步状语从句. Although位于句首；though位于句首或句中；as位于句中=though=that，它的词序是把句中强调的形容词，副词，动词或名词放在连词前.注意观察下列句式变化： Although/ThoughI’myoung，IalreadyknowwhatcareerIwanttofollow. =Youngas/though/thatIam，IalreadyknowwhatcareerIwanttofollow. AlthoughIrespecthimverymuch，Icannotagreewithhisidea. =Muchas/that/thoughIrespecthim，Icannotagreewithhisidea. Although/thoughheisachild，heknowsalotofChinesecharacters. =Childas/though/thatheis，heknowsalotofChinesecharacters. Althoughhetried，hecouldn’tsolvetheproblem. =Tryashemight，hecouldn’tsolvetheproblem. Althoughitisraining，Iamgoingoutforawalk. =Rainingasitis，Iamgoingoutforawalk. 14.evenif=eventhough即使…也…；即便…也… Evenif/thoughIhavetosellmyhouse，I’llkeepmybusinessgoing. Shewon’tattendsuchpartieseventhough/ifsheisinvited. Youarenotstupid.Eventhough/ifyouwereslowinstudy，youshouldn’tgiveupstudies. Theboywasbadlyinjuredanddiedatlast.Evenifhehadbeenattendedwithoutdelay， hecouldn’thavebeensaved. 15.whether…or…不管…还是…中华考试网 Whethertheweatherisgoodorbad，theywillsetoffastheyplanned. Whetherhedrivesortakesthetrain，hewillbehereontime. Anyperson，whetheryoungorold，hashisworth，independentofachievements，bankaccountsorlooks. 16.疑问词+ever Whatever，whoever，whichever，whenever，wherever，whoever均引导让步状语从句，相当于nomatter与what，who，which，when，where，how连用. Whatever(=Nomatterwhat)mayhappen，weshallnotlosehope. Whoever/Nomatterwhocomes，hewillbewelcome. Whenever/Nomatterwhenithappened，itwascertainlynotyesterday. Wherever/Nomatterwherehewent，hemadefriendswithpeople. 17.unless除非，如果不(=if…not) Ishallgotomorrowunlessitrains. ------ShallTomgoandplayfootball？ ------Notunlesshehasfinishedhishomework. Unlessthesunweretoriseinthewest，Iwouldn’tbreakmyword. Iwon’tattendhisbirthdaypartyunlessinvited(=unlessIaminvited) 18.as/solongas只要 So/aslongasyoukeepontrying，youwillsurelysucceed. So/aslongasyousticktoyourplansforyourstudy，youaresuretomakegreatprogress. -----Whatareyougoingtodothisafternoon？ -----Iwillprobablygoforawalklateronsolongasitstaysfine. 19.supposing/suppose(that)假定；假如 Suppose/supposing(that)Idon’thaveadayoff，whatshallwedo？ Supposexequalstoy，thenyoucanworkouttheresult. Providing/provided(that)=onconditionthat假如，在…条件下 I’lllendyouthemoneyonconditionthatyoucanreturnitinthreemonths. I’llgoproviding/providedthatmyexpensesarepaid. 20.given(that)…=take….intoconsideration鉴于，考虑到 Giventhegovernment’srecordonunemployment，theirchancesofwinningtheelectionlookpoor. Giventheirinterestinchildren/giventhatsheisinterestedinchildren，Iamsureteachingistherightcareerforher. Grantedthat的确wｗw.ExamＷ.CoM Grantedthatit’sasplendidcar，buthaveyouseenwhatitcosts？ 21.incasethat…万一；以防；incaseof+n万一 Incase(that)Johncomes/shouldcome，pleasetellhimtowait. (incasethat后谓语用一般现在时或should+动词原型) PleaseremindmeaboutitincaseIforget/shouldforget. Pleasetakemyumbrellaincase(that)itrains/shouldrain. Incaseoffire，whatshouldwedo？ 22.祈使句(表条件)+orelse/or/otherwise+主句(表结果)….否则…，要不然…. Pleasecallmeupbeforeyoucome，otherwise/orelse/orwemightbeout. Hurryup，oryouwillbelate. 祈使句(表条件)+and+主句(表结果) Givehimaninchandhewilltakeamile. Beunitedandcooperatewitheachotherandonlyinthiswaycanwesaveourearth. 23.as(so)…as…和…一样 HenryisasgoodaplayerasPeter(is). Heworkedasfastasaskilledworker(did). Wewillgiveyouasmuchhelpaswecan. 24.形容词/副词比较级+than 注意：形容词和副词的比较级前还可以加一个表示程度的修饰语，常用的修饰语是： (1).alittle，abit，slightly稍微；一些 (2).Much，alot，greatly，agreatdeal，far，byfar….得多 (3).Still，even，rather更 (4).Any一般用于疑问句，表示‘一些”；“稍微” (5).倍数或数量词. Thistextisalittle(abit)moredifficultthantheother. Hehasmadefargreaterprogressthistermthanhedidlastterm. Withthedevelopmentofsociety，peopleinChinaareagooddealricherthanbefore. Heistwoyearsolderthan=heisolderthanIbytwoyears. AsiaisthreetimeslargerthanEurope. =AsiaisthreetimesaslargeasEurope. =AsiaisthreetimesthesizeofEurope. 还应注意，当more作为many，much的比较级时，其修饰语分别是 (1).many，afew，+more+可数名词复数 (2)much，alittle，abit，agreatdeal+more+不可数名词 (3).alot，some，far，any+more+可数或不可数均可，more译作“另外” I’vemadealot(many)moremistakesthanyou’ve Hehasbuiltupalargebusinessandearnedmuchmoremoneythanbefore. 25.byfar最….；比….得多中华考试网(www．Examw。com) 注意：byfar既可修饰比较级又可修饰最高级，注意byfar在句中的位置. Heworkedharderbyfarthanhiselderbrother. Heisbyfarthetallerofthetwobasketballplayers. Heisbyfarthetallestofalltheplayersontheteam. Hisexplanationisbyfarclearerthantheoldone. |
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