结合新目标人教版八年级英语下册Unit4谈谈直接引语和间接引语
1． 首先同学们先从概念上理解直接引语和间接引语：
直接引用别人的话叫直接引语，用自己的话转述别人的话叫间接引语。间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句。直接引语前后加引号，间接引语不必加。现用课本中的句子解释如下：
直接引语：Marcia said, “She is having a surprise party for Lana on Friday night.”
Lana said, “I’m mad at Marcia.”
间接引语：
Marcia said that she was having a surprise party for Lana on Friday night.
Lana said that she was mad at Marcia.
2. 变直接引语为间接引语的方法：
（1）直接引语的主语是第一人称，改为间接引语后要根据意思改变人称，如：
Lana said, “I’m mad at Marcia.”
Lana said that she was mad at Marcia.
注：若直接引语为陈述句，改为间接引语时，可以把that 省略。
（2）若主语谓语动词是一般过去时，直接引语变成间接引语要调整时态。列表如下：
|
直接引语 |
间接引语 |
|
现在时 |
过去时 |
|
现在完成时 |
过去完成时 |
|
过去完成时 |
不变 |
|
将来进行时 |
过去将来进行时 |
|
现在进行时 |
过去进行时 |
|
过去时 |
过去完成时 |
|
将来时 |
过去将来时 |
|
将来完成时 |
过去将来完成时 |
通过上表，同学们可以了解Grammar Focus中直接引语与间接引语的变化方式了，如下：
|
Direct speech |
Reported speech |
|
I am mad at Marcia. |
She said she was mad at Marcia. |
|
I am having a party for Lana. |
She said she was having a party for Lana. |
|
I go to the beach every Saturday. |
He said he went to the beach every Saturday. |
|
I will call you tomorrow. |
He told me he would call me tomorrow the next day. |
|
I can speak three languages. |
She said she could speak three languages. |
注：若直接引语部分是一种客观事实时，时态不变，如：
The teacher said, “The earth goes round the sun.
该为间接引语：The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.
(3) 直接引语变间接引语时，指示代词、时间状语和动词也要作调整。列表如下：
|
|
直接引语 |
间接引语 |
|
指示代词 |
this these |
that those |
|
时间状语 |
now
today
tonight
this week
yesterday
last week
three days ago
tomorrow
next week |
then
that day
that night
that week
the day before
the week before
three days before
the next day
the next week |
|
地点状语 |
here |
there |
|
动词 |
come |
go |
(4) 若直接引语为一般疑问句（即倒装语序，改为间接引语时要用陈述句语序，而且要用连词if或whether。如本单元Self—check部分中的第二题中的“She asked me if she could copy my homework.”就是由直接引语“She asked me, 'can I copy your homework?’”变化而来。同时，如下句：
She asked her mum, “Can I go with you?”
She asked her mum if she could go with her.
以上是结合本单元对直接引语与间接引语的变化做了简单的介绍，同学们，你学会了么？做一下下面的题来自我检测一下吧！
把下列的直接引语改为间接引语：
1． He said, “Did you see him yesterday?”
2． He said, “The moon moves around the sun.”
3． She said, “ I’m coming this afternoon”.
4． He said, “ I like it very much.”
5． She said, “ I have seen the film. It is good.”
6． Emily said, “Shall I do that?”
7． The waiter asked, “Is there anything else I can do?”
8． John asked, “ Do you understand?”
9． He asked, “Are you a teacher or a student?”
10． He said , “I don’t smoke.”
参考答案：
1． He asked if I had seen him the day before.
2． He said that the moon moves around the sun.
3． She said that she was going that afternoon.
4． He said that he liked it very much.
5． She said she had seen the film and it was good.
6． Emily asked if she should do that.
7． The waiter asked if there was something else he could do.
8． John asked if I understood.
9． He asked if I was a teacher or a student.
10． He said that he didn’t smoke.
二、 学习重点难点：
1. 直接引语（Direct Speech）是指原封不动的引用原话，把它放在引号内，例如：
Mother told me, “You should finish your homework first, then you can go out and play with your friends.”
They said, “We want to have a rest.”
间接引语（Reported Speech，又叫Indirect Speech）即用自己的话加以转述，被转述的话不放在引号内。上面两个例句变成间接引语应该是：
Mother told me that I should finish my homework first and then I could go out and play with my friends.
They said they wanted to have a rest.
2. 当我们把直接引语变成间接引语时，由于引述动词（said，told等）一般都是过去时形式，因此间接引语中的动词时态、人称代词、限定词、时间状语、地点状语等一般都要做相应的变化。有下面几种情况：
1） 现在时间推移到过去时间
所谓现在时间推移到过去时间指一般现在时变为一般过去时，现在进行时变成过去进行时，现在完成时变成过去完成时。例如：
She said, “I am hungry.”
－> She said (that) she was hungry.
He said, “The family are fighting among themselves.”
－> He said (that) the family were fighting among themselves.
Tom said, “I have found what’s wrong with the computer.”
－> Tom said he had found what was wrong with the computer.
在下列场合，尽管陈述动词为过去时形式，间接引语中的动词时态却不必改变，即：
a） 当引述的是客观事实、科学真理、现在习惯工作以及格言等内容时：
He said, “The word 'laser’ is an acronym（首字母缩略词）.”
－> He said the word 'laser’ is an acronym.
b） 当动词所表示的状态或动作在引述时仍在继续时：
“I’m forty,” he said.
－> He said he is forty.
c） 当谓语动词包含无过去时形式的情态助动词时：
He said, “It must be pretty late. I really must go.”
－> He said it must be pretty late, and he really must go.
He said, “You mustn’t smoke in the room.”
－> He said I mustn’t smoke in the room.
2） 过去时间推移到过去的过去
这里需要注意以下几点：
a） 当强调动作或状态先于引述动词时，一般过去时要变成过去完成体。例如：
He said, “I didn’t know you.”
－> He said he hadn’t known me.
当“过去的过去”已经不言自明，或者通过其他词汇手段予以体现，或者侧重于强调所转述的事实本身时，一般过去时形式可以不变。例如：
Ann said, “She was born in 1981.”
－> Ann said she was born in 1981.
b） 过去进行时可以变成过去完成进行时，也可以不变。例如：
Robert said, “I was joking with Mary.”
－> Robert said he had been joking with Mary.
Robert said he was joking with Mary.
c） 过去完成时仍为过去完成时，不需改变。例如：
He said, “We hadn’t returned to the store when she came.”
－> He said they hadn’t returned to the store when she came.
d） 时间状语分句中的一般过去式或者过去进行时可以不变。例如：
John said, “When I lived in London I often saw Jane.”
－> John said when he lived in London he had often seen Jane.
John said when he lived in London he often saw Jane.
3） 将来时间推移到过去将来时间
最常见的是把表示将来时间的助动词由现在时形式变为过去时形式。例如：
He said, “We’re spending next weekend at home.”
－> He said they were spending the next weekend at home.
She said, “The milk will go off（变质）if you don’t drink it today.”
－> She said the milk would go off if I didn’t drink it that day.
They said, “We’re going to Hawaii this summer vacation.”
－> They said they were going to Hawaii that summer vacation.
但是，在引述时，如果原话中的动作或者状态属于尚未到来的将来时间，那么，可以不推移到过去将来时间。例如：
He said, “I’ll be waiting for you tomorrow.”
－> He said he will be waiting for me tomorrow.
4） 人称代词、限定词、时间状语、地点状语的变化
由上面的例子可以看出，当直接引语变成间接引语时，除动词时态变化外，人称代词、限定词、时间状语、地点状语等通常也作相应的变化。
a） 人称代词，除引述本人原话外，通常第一、二人称变为第三人称，或者第二人称变为第一人称；限定词也作相应的变化。例如：
He said, “We love our country.”
－> He said they love their county.
b） 指示代词this，these分别变成that/it，those/they或them；指示限定词this，those通常变为that，those或the。例如：
“This house is very expensive,” she said.
－> She said that house was very expensive.
The children came back with two wallets and said, “We picked these up on the pavement.”
－> The children came back with two wallets and said they had picked them up on the pavement.
c） 时间状语在间接引语中的变化有三种情况：
i） 时间状语和动词时态两者都变。例如：
He said, “It was completes a year ago.”
－> He said it had been completed a year before.
ii） 时间状语不变，动词时态可变可不变。例如：
She said, “ We left Paris at 8 a.m.”
－> She said they had left Paris at 8 a.m.
She said they left Paris at 8 a.m.
iii） 时间状语变与不变需视具体情况而定，如果引述时间和说话时间（如同一年、同一月、同一天等），时间状语可不变。例如：
Mr. Black said, “We started learning Chinese last month.”
－> Mr. Black said they had started learning Chinese last month. （同一月引述）
－> Mr. Black said they had started learning Chinese the previous month. （可在同一月引述，也可不在同一月引述）
时间状语在间接引语中的变化规则如下：
直接引语 间接引语
today that day
this morning/afternoon, etc. that morning/afternoon, etc.
yesterday the day before, the previous day
(the) day before yesterday two days before
tomorrow the next day, the following day
(the) day after tomorrow two days after, in two days’ time
next week/month, etc. the next week/month, etc.
last week/month the week/month before
now then
d） 地点状语here通常变为there；但若说话人所在地也就是引述人所在地，可仍用here，也可用具体地点代替here。例如：
She said, “I first met your brother here.”
－> She said she first met my brother there.
“Are the children here?” Father asked.
－> Father asked whether the children were here.
Unit 4 He said I was hardworking.重点内容
一 . [话题](Topic)
Telling a story
二 .[重点词组](Key Phrases)
first of all 首先
pass on 传递
be supposed to 被期望或被要求... ...
do better in 在......方面做得更好
be in good health 身体健康
report card 成绩单
get over 克服；恢复；原谅
open up 打开
care for 照料；照顾
have a party for sb. 为某人举行一次聚会
be mad at sb
三 .[交际用语]
1. She said she was mad at Marcia.
2. Ben told Lana that Marcia was going to have a surprise party for her.
3. He told me he would call me tomorrow / the next day.
4. She said she could speak three languages.
5. He said he went to the beach every Saturday.
四. [重点难点释义](Language Points)
1.I asked her why she wanted to do that, and she said that she had forgotten to do hers.我问她为什么要那么做，她说她忘记做作业了。
forget to do sth. 忘记做某事 (还没有做)
forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事 (已经做过了)
e.g.
When you leave the classroom, don’t forget to turn off the lights.
离开教室时，别忘记关灯。
I forgot meeting him before. 我不记得以前见过他了。
类似的还有：
remember to do sth. 记得做某事 (还没有做)
remember doing sth. 记得做过某事 (已经做过了)
e.g.
“Remember to finish your homework on time, Li Ming”, his mother said.
李明妈妈说，“记得按时完成作业。”
I remember telling this story for several times.
我记得这个故事给你讲过好几次了。
2. I said I didn’t think it was a good idea for her to copy my homework.
我说，抄我的作业并不是什么好事。
注意的think 用法：如果think 引导的宾语从句，其从句表示否定意思时，不是否定从句，而是否定主句。
e.g. 翻译下列句子：
我认为给你父亲说这件事的时机还不成熟。
I don’t think it is the right time for you to tell your father about that.
我认为他不是一个好演员。 I don’t think he is a good actor.
我认为你说的并不正确。 I don’t think you are right.
3. Yesterday she told me she was sorry she’d gotten mad.
昨天她告诉我，她为自己当时生气而抱歉。
4. Nowadays, many students prefer using English names in a language classroom.
如今，许多学生喜欢在上语言课的时候用英文名字。
prefer的用法： prefer v. 更喜欢；宁愿
prefer sth. to sth. 喜欢…胜过…
prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 喜欢…而不喜欢…
prefer to do rather than do 宁愿…而不愿…
e.g.
Do you prefer coffee or tea? 你喜欢咖啡还是茶？
He prefers talking to doing. 他喜欢说，却不喜欢做。
They prefer to die rather than surrender. 他们宁死不屈。
5. And for young people, having an English name is cool for them when they talk to their foreign pen pals.
而且对年轻人来说，有了英文名字，和笔友交谈时也很酷。
having an English name … 中having 是动词ing形式, 用来做主语。
e.g.
Getting up early every day is his good habit. 每天早起是他的习惯。
Swimming is her favorite sport. 游泳是她最喜欢的运动。
6. Learning English and having English names are both popular in China.
They are also important for China’s contact with the world.
学习英语，而且有英文名字在中国很流行。这些对中国和世界的接触也很重要。
contact的用法：
contact n.
e.g.
be in contact with 和...接触， 有联系
They have been in contact with each other for five years.
他们互相保持联系已经有五年了。
She comes into contact with many people. 她和许多人有联系。
contact v.
e.g.
She contacted me as soon as she arrived. 她一到就和我联系了。
7. On the other hand, some people who come to China choose Chinese names
另一方面，一些人来到中国，也起了中文名字。
on one hand 一方面…
on the other hand 另一方面…
e.g.
On one hand, he is a clever boy; on the other hand, he always makes his mother angry.
一方面，他是个聪明的孩子；可另一方面，他老惹母亲生气。
五.语法知识
1.直接引语（Direct Speech）是指原封不动的引用原话，把它放在引号内，例如：
Mother told me, “You should finish your homework first, then you can go out and play with your friends.”
They said, “We want to have a rest.”
间接引语（Reported Speech，又叫Indirect Speech）即用自己的话加以转述，被转述的话不放在引号内。上面两个例句变成间接引语应该是：
Mother told me that I should finish my homework first and then I could go out and play with my friends.
They said they wanted to have a rest.
2.当我们把直接引语变成间接引语时，由于引述动词（said，told等）一般都是过去时形式，因此间接引语中的动词时态、人称代词、限定词、时间状语、地点状语等一般都要做相应的变化。有下面几种情况：
1）现在时间推移到过去时间
所谓现在时间推移到过去时间指一般现在时变为一般过去时，现在进行时变成过去进行时，现在完成时变成过去完成时。例如：
She said, “I am hungry.”
－> She said (that) she was hungry.
He said, “The family are fighting among themselves.”
－> He said (that) the family were fighting among themselves.
Tom said, “I have found what’s wrong with the computer.”
－> Tom said he had found what was wrong with the computer.
在下列场合，尽管陈述动词为过去时形式，间接引语中的动词时态却不必改变，即：
a） 当引述的是客观事实、科学真理、现在习惯工作以及格言等内容时：
He said, “The word 'laser’ is an acronym（首字母缩略词）.”
－> He said the word 'laser’ is an acronym.
b）当动词所表示的状态或动作在引述时仍在继续时：
“I’m forty,” he said.
－> He said he is forty.
c） 当谓语动词包含无过去时形式的情态助动词时：
He said, “It must be pretty late. I really must go.”
－> He said it must be pretty late, and he really must go.
He said, “You mustn’t smoke in the room.”
－> He said I mustn’t smoke in the room.
2）过去时间推移到过去的过去
这里需要注意以下几点：
a） 当强调动作或状态先于引述动词时，一般过去时要变成过去完成体。
例如：
He said, “I didn’t know you.”
－> He said he hadn’t known me.
当“过去的过去”已经不言自明，或者通过其他词汇手段予以体现，或者侧重于强调所转述的事实本身时，一般过去时形式可以不变。例如：
Ann said, “She was born in 1981.”
－> Ann said she was born in 1981.
b）过去进行时可以变成过去完成进行时，也可以不变。例如：
Robert said, “I was joking with Mary.”
－> Robert said he had been joking with Mary.
Robert said he was joking with Mary.
c） 过去完成时仍为过去完成时，不需改变。例如：
He said, “We hadn’t returned to the store when she came.”
－> He said they hadn’t returned to the store when she came.
d）时间状语分句中的一般过去式或者过去进行时可以不变。例如：
John said, “When I lived in London I often saw Jane.”
－> John said when he lived in London he had often seen Jane.
John said when he lived in London he often saw Jane.
3）将来时间推移到过去将来时间
最常见的是把表示将来时间的助动词由现在时形式变为过去时形式。例如：
He said, “We’re spending next weekend at home.”
－> He said they were spending the next weekend at home.
She said, “The milk will go off（变质）if you don’t drink it today.”
－> She said the milk would go off if I didn’t drink it that day.
They said, “We’re going to Hawaii this summer vacation.”
－> They said they were going to Hawaii that summer vacation.
但是，在引述时，如果原话中的动作或者状态属于尚未到来的将来时间，
那么，可以不推移到过去将来时间。例如：
He said, “I’ll be waiting for you tomorrow.”
－> He said he will be waiting for me tomorrow.
4）人称代词、限定词、时间状语、地点状语的变化
由上面的例子可以看出，当直接引语变成间接引语时，除动词时态变化外，人称代词、限定词、时间状语、地点状语等通常也作相应的变化。
a） 人称代词，除引述本人原话外，通常第一、二人称变为第三人称，或者第二人称变为第一人称；限定词也作相应的变化。例如：
He said, “We love our country.”
－> He said they love their county.
b）指示代词this，these分别变成that/it，those/they或them；指示限定词this，those通常变为that，those或the。例如：
“This house is very expensive,” she said.
－> She said that house was very expensive.
The children came back with two wallets and said, “We picked these up on the pavement.”
－> The children came back with two wallets and said they had picked them up on the pavement.
c） 时间状语在间接引语中的变化有三种情况：
i）时间状语和动词时态两者都变。例如：
He said, “It was completes a year ago.”
－> He said it had been completed a year before.
ii）时间状语不变，动词时态可变可不变。例如：
She said, “ We left Paris at 8 a.m.”
－> She said they had left Paris at 8 a.m.
She said they left Paris at 8 a.m.
iii）时间状语变与不变需视具体情况而定，如果引述时间和说话时间（如同一年、同一月、同一天等），时间状语可不变。例如：
Mr. Black said, “We started learning Chinese last month.”
－> Mr. Black said they had started learning Chinese last month. （同一月引述）
－> Mr. Black said they had started learning Chinese the previous month. （可在同一月引述，也可不在同一月引述）
时间状语在间接引语中的变化规则如下：
直接引语 间接引语
today that day
this morning/afternoon, etc. that morning/afternoon, etc.
yesterday the day before, the previous day
(the) day before yesterday two days before
tomorrow the next day, the following day
(the) day after tomorrow two days after, in two days’ time
next week/month, etc. the next week/month, etc.
last week/month the week/month before
now then
d） 地点状语here通常变为there；但若说话人所在地也就是引述人所在地，可仍用here，也可用具体地点代替here。例如：
She said, “I first met your brother here.”
－> She said she first met my brother there.
“Are the children here?” Father asked.
－> Father asked whether the children were here.
Unit 4 He said I was hard-working单元重点
every Saturday 每周六
first of all 首先
both……and…… 两者都（谓语动词要注意对称原则）
neither….nor 两者都不（谓语动词要注意就近和对称原则）
most of… 绝大多数
an exciting week 令人兴奋的一周
agree on something 同意某人的计划；对….取得 一致意见
agree to do sth. 答应/同意做…
pass on (to) 传递
be supposed to do sth. 被期望或被要求做... ...
be mad at …… 对……疯狂/生气
do better in=be better at 在......方面做得更好
be in good health 身体健康
report card 成绩单
sound /feel /smell /taste /look 是连系动词，一般只能跟adj.做表语
sound like/feel like/smell like/taste like/look like 听起来像…/感觉像…/闻起来像…/尝起来像…/看起来像…+sb./sth.
get… over 克服；恢复；原谅
open up 打开/展开/开发/揭露
care for 照料；照顾；意愿；计较
have a(surprise) party for sb. 为某人举行一次（惊喜0聚会
end-of-year exam=final exam 期末考试
not----anymore 不再
do a home project 做作业
be surprised\happy\excited to do sth 做某事感到惊讶、高兴、激动
be \get nervous 感到紧张
have a very hard time with.. 在---日子不好过
an disappointing result 令人失望的结果
take\ leave a message 捎（留）个口信
have a big fight
it is a good idea for sb. to do sth
to teach in China’s rural areas
feel lucky
people who need help 需要帮助的人
something we can do for them 我们能为他们做的事
there is no difference between…and.. 在。。和。。之间没有区别
Groups and the work they do
|
Groups |
The work they do |
|
Greenpeace |
Cares for 'Mother Earth” |
|
Doctors Without Borders |
Helps sick people in poor countries |
|
UNICEF |
Helps children in poor countries |
|
WWF |
Cares for wild animals in danger |
37.the Hope Project 希望工程
38.fortunately
本单元目标句型：
转述他人话语:What did sb. say? He said I …She said she…They said…
许老师告诉我徐梦蝶会说二种语言。Mr. Xu told me that XuMengdie could speak three languages.
许老师说地球绕着太阳转。Mr. Xu said (that)the earth turns around the sun.
许老师告诉我他将去北京。She told me he would go to Beijing the next day.
许老师说欧洋正在做作业Mr. Xu said OuYang was doing his homework at that time.
许老师说王硕研勤奋。Mr. Xu said Wang Shuoyan was hard-working.
在英语上，与听相比，我更擅长于读。In English, I’m better at reading than listening.
情况怎样？ How’s it going?
她不想再当我最好的朋友了。She didn’t want to be my best friend anymore.
I said it would start a bad habit , and that she would do her own work.
That’s about all the news I have now. Mum and Dad send their love.
She said helping others changed her life.
Teaching high school students in a poor mountain village in Gansu Province may not like fun to you.
The Peking University graduate first went there as an volunteer on a one-year program.
Life in the mountains was a new experience for Lang Lei. Her village was 2,000metere above the sea level, and at first the thin air made her feel sick.
Young people today need to experience different things
Some of the students may not be able to go to senior high school or collage.
I can open up my students’ eyes to the outside world and give them a good start in life.
She said she likes being a good influence in the children’s lives.
She now works as a math teacher at a high school in the city of Pingliang, Gansu Province.
You are at B’s house working on a homework project.
You were supposed to meet at the bus stop this morning to return it, but A didn’t come to the bus stop.
A calls you with a message for C. Pass on the message, and then give C’s answer to A.
What are some things that happen on soap operas?
本单元语法讲解
直接引语和间接引语
（一）直接引述别人的原话，叫做直接引语；用自己话转述别人的话，叫做间接引语。间接引语一般构成宾语从句。直接引语必须放在引号内，间接引语则不用引号。直接引语改为间接引语时，除将引语部分变成宾语从句外，还必须对直接引语中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等进行改变。
1. 时态的变化：直接引语变为间接引语时，通常受转述动词said，asked等的影响而使用过去化的时态，即把原来的时态向过去推，也就是一般现在时变
一般过去时，现在进行时变为过去进行时等。 例如：
Tom said to me,“My brother is doing his homework.” →Tom said to me that his brother was doing his homework.
2. 人称代词、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等等的变化；根据意义进行相应的变化。 如：
She asked Jack,“Where have you been?” →She asked Jack where he had been.
He said,“These books are mine.” →He said that those books were his.
（二）直接引语改为间接引语时，都使用陈述语序，但是因为原句的句式不同，所以变成间接引语时所用的连词会有所不同。
1.陈述句的间接引语：陈述句由直接引语变间接引语，由that引导，可以省略。
“I want the blue one.” he told us. “我想要兰色的。” 他说。
→He told us that he wanted the blue one. 他说他想要兰色的。
She said to me, “You can’t do anything now.” 她对我说：“此刻你无法做任何事情。”
→She told me that I couldn’t do anything then. 她对我说那时我无法做任何事。
2. 疑问句的间接引语
直接引语如果是疑问句，变成间接引语后，叫做间接疑问句。间接疑问句为陈述语序，句末用句号，动词时态等的变化与间接陈述句相同。引述动词常用ask, wonder, want to know等间接疑问句一般有三种：
(1)．一般疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时， 由whether或if 引导。 如：
“Has he ever worked in Shanghai?”Jim asked. “他在上海工作过吗？”吉姆问。
→Jim asked whether/if he had ever worked in Shanghai.吉姆问他是否在上海工作过。
“Can you tell me the way to the hospital?” The old man asked. 那个老人问：“你能告诉我去医院的路吗？
→The old man asked whether I could tell him the way to the hospital. 那老人问我是否能告诉他去医院路。
(2). 特殊疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时，仍由原来的疑问词引导。 如：
“Which room do you live in?” He asked. “ 你住哪个房间？”他问我。
→He asked me which room I lived in. 他问我住哪个房间。
“What do you think of the film?” She asked. 她问“你怎么看这部电影？”
→She asked her friend what she thought of the film . 她问她朋友怎么看这部电影。
(3). 选择疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时，由whether/if …or引导。 如：
“Is it your bike or Tom’s? Mum asked. 妈妈问：“这是你的自行车还是汤姆的？”
→Mum asked whether/if it was my bike or Tom’s.妈妈问这是我的自行车还是汤姆的。
“Does your sister like blue dresses or green ones?” Kate asked. “你妹妹喜欢兰色的裙子还是绿色的？”凯特问。
→Kate asked whether/if my sister liked blue dresses or green ones. 凯特问我妹妹喜欢兰色裙子还是绿色的。
3. 祈使句的间接引语当祈使句变为间接引语时，间接祈使句的引述动词常用tell，ask，order，beg，request，order等，而把直接祈使句变成带to的不定式短语。 如：
Jack said, “Please come to my house tomorrow, Mary. ”杰克说：“玛丽，明天请到我家来。”
→Jack asked Mary to go to his house the next day. 杰克请玛丽第二天到他家去。
The teacher said to the students, ”Stop talking.” 老师对学生们说：“不要讲话了。”
→The teacher told the students to stop talking. 老师让学生们不要说话了。
“Don’t touch anything.” He said. “不要碰任何东西。”他说。
→He told us not to touch anything. 他对我们说不要碰任何东西。
4. 动词时态和代词等的变动
(1). 某些代词，限定词，表示时间或地点的副词和个别动词在间接引语中的变化规则：
直接引语 间接引语
today that day
now then, at that moment
yesterday the day before
the day before yesterday two days before
tomorrow the next day / the following day
the day after tomorrow two days after, / in two days
next week/ month etc the next week/month etc
last week/ month etc the week / month etc. before
here there
this that
these those
come go
bring take
(2). 如果引述动词为现在时形式，则间接引语中的动词时态，代词，限定词和表示时间或地点的副词不用变化。而如果引述动词是过去时，以上内容就要有相应变化。变化情况如下： 现在时间推移到过去的时间(注意:如果直接引语是表示客观规律的,那么时态仍然用一般现在时
一般现在时 →一般过去时；
现在进行时 →过去进行时；
一般将来时 →过去将来时；
现在完成时 →过去完成时；
Unit 4 He said I was hard-working. 词语辨析
1 be mad at 意为“生……的气”相当于be angry with 。例如：
你生吉姆的气吗？ Are you mad at Jim?
王先生生我们的气了。Mr Wang is angry with us.
2 辨析bring, take, carry, get ＆ fetch
bring意为“带来，拿来”；take意为“带走，拿走”；carry 则表示“提，搬，扛”，不强调方向性，但有负重之意；get表示到某处把某人某物“去取来，去拿去”；fetch也表示“取来”与 get意思差不多，get更用于口语。例如：
Father brought me a present from China.爸爸从中国给我带来一件礼物。
Please take the book to Tom.请把这本书拿给汤姆。
Go and get some water.去弄点水来。
The teacher said, “ Who can fetch some chalk for me?”老师问：“谁能替我去取点粉笔。”
They are carrying water and watering the young trees.他们在挑水浇这些小树苗。
3 not…any more
not… any more 意思是“不再”＝no more.类似还有not…any longer =no longer,也表示“不再”。例如：
He isn’t here any more.= He isn’t here any longer.
= He is no more here. = He is no longer here.
I am not mad at Marcia any more. 我不再生玛西亚的气了。
4 watch, see, read & look at
watch 指目不转睛地盯着看，一般说watch TV, watch a football game.
see 一般和film搭配。
read 一般指看书，看报：read newspaper, read books, read magazines.
look at一般加宾语，如look at the blackboard, please.
5 borrow , lend, return辨析
borrow 意为“借入”， 即说话人向别人借东西供自己使用。常用borrow sth from sb.结构，是终止性动词，不能与延续性时间状语连用。例如：
I’m going to borrow some books from the library.我打算从图书馆借一些书。
lend意为“借出”，即说话者把自己的东西借给别人用。常用lend sb sth或lend sth to sb句型。它也是终止性动词。例如：Can you lend me your bike? 你能把自行车借给我吗？
要把borrow 和lend该为延续性动词，则改为keep, “保存”。例如：How long may I keep the picture-book?这本画册我可以借多久？
return意为“归还，返回”。相当于give back或come or go back.
注意：本身有back的含义，不能说return back.例如:
She will return to her homeland for summer vacation.她将回家乡度假。
I must return these books to him on time.我必须按时把这些书还给他。
6 be good at…意为“在…方面成绩好”，“擅长于…”,与do well in 同义。
而象I’m better at ..就是 do well in 的比较级。因为good 和well 的比较级都是better,最高级都是best.例如：
Tom is good at playing basketball.
= Tom does well in playing basketball. 汤姆很会打篮球。
7 be supposed to do sth.被期望， 应该…做…例如：
Are you supposed to read and listen to some English every morning?
你们每天早上都得读听英语吗？
Everybody is supposed to know the law, but few people do.
人人都该懂得法律，但很少人懂。
8 It’s not easy to be one of these volunteers.做志愿者不是件容易的事。
这是个简单句。It 是形式主语，to be one of these volunteers 才是真正的主语。象这种不定式，动名词或从句作主语时，往往后置，而用it 作形式主语，使人易于看清句子结构，方便理解。例如：
It is foolish of you to be still worrying about it.你真傻，还在为这事着急。
9 They make you feel like a big brother or sister, or even a parent.
他们使你感到，你象一个大哥哥或大姐姐，甚至使一个父亲或者母亲。
make sb do sth 句型。make 后的动词不定式作宾补时，往往省略to。该句中feel like 是不定式作宾语的补足语。feel like “感到象…” 还可以说look like“看起来象…”例如：
The cat looks like a tiger. 这只猫看起来象老虎。
like 既可以作形容词，又可以作介词。通常把不属于同一类型的人或物进行比较，意为“象”；而as不同，它强调的是归纳，判断，as 前后两部分所指通常为一类，可以完全相等。因此译为“作为”。例如：
He works hard like a worker.他象工人一样勤奋地劳动。（他不是工人.）
He works hard as a worker.他是一名工人，工作勤奋。（他是工人。）
10 Teaching high school students in a poor mountain village in Gansu Province may not sound like fun to you.
在甘肃一个贫穷地山村教书，在你听起来可不是一个很有趣的事。
1）该句是一个简单句，其结构是：主语＋谓语＋表语
Teaching high school students动名词作主语，介词短语in a poor mountain village in Gansu Province 表示地点，作定语后置。如：
The boy on the bike is my brother.骑自行车的男孩是我的哥哥。（on the bike 后置）
The woman near the door is her mother.门边的妇女是她妈妈。（near the door 后置）
2）fun 在此作名词，意为：乐趣，玩笑，娱乐等。同时fun 还可以作形容词。例如：
He is a fun man. 他是一个有趣的人。
That’s a fun car. 那是一辆娱乐用的车。
八下Unit 4 He said I was hard-working.词语辨析
1.begin; start
begin 表示“开始”，其内涵是“使处于进程中”。例如：Knowledge begins with practice. 知识从实践开始。
start 表示“开始”，其内涵是“起程”。例如：The meeting began last week. 那次会议是上星期开始的。会议是个过程，在这个意义上用 begin 恰当。再如：A thousand-li journey is started by taking the first step. 千里之行，始于足下。所包含的意义是“起步”， 所以用 start 恰当。
2. influence; affect
influence和affect这两词的一般含义为“使人或能作出反应的物产生或受到影响”。
influence 所表示的影响包含着“力量”，有时它包含着“诱使”的意思。例如：No one can avoid being influenced by advertisements. 谁也不能避免受到广告的影响。
affect 的宾语是物时，它包含着足以引起反应的刺激，有时包含一定的改变。例如：The slight change of weather can affect her health. 天气稍有变化就会影响她的身体。
当affect的宾语是人时，它表示引起心理上或感情上的影响，即感动。例如：He was in no way affected by their misery. 他们的惨状一点也没打动他的心。
3. nervous; excited
nervous 和excited都是形容词，nervous指精神紧张，如不善于在众人面前讲话的人所表现的精神紧张。而excited是指感情方面激动或精神兴奋。例如：He was obviously very nervous. 显然他很紧张。He became very excited when he heard that he came out first in the competition. 当听到自己在竞赛中得了第一名时，他非常激动。
Sentences from the passage (重点句讲解)
I asked her why she wanted to do that, and she said that she had forgotten to do hers.
我问她为什么要那么做，她说她忘记做作业了。
forget to do sth. 忘记做某事 (还没有做)
forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事 (已经做过了)
e.g.
When you leave the classroom, don’t forget to turn off the lights.
离开教室时，别忘记关灯。
I forgot meeting him before. 我不记得以前见过他了。
类似的还有：
remember to do sth. 记得做某事 (还没有做)
remember doing sth. 记得做过某事 (已经做过了)
e.g.
“Remember to finish your homework on time, Li Ming”, his mother said.
李明妈妈说，“记得按时完成作业。”
I remember telling this story for several times.
我记得这个故事给你讲过好几次了。
◆I said I didn’t think it was a good idea for her to copy my homework.
我说，抄我的作业并不是什么好事。
注意的think 用法：如果think 引导的宾语从句，其从句表示否定意思时，不是否定从句，而是否定主句。
e.g. 翻译下列句子：
我认为给你父亲说这件事的时机还不成熟。
I don’t think it is the right time for you to tell your father about that.
我认为他不是一个好演员。 I don’t think he is a good actor.
我认为你说的并不正确。 I don’t think you are right.
◆Yesterday she told me she was sorry she’d gotten mad.
昨天她告诉我，她为自己当时生气而抱歉。
◆Nowadays, many students prefer using English names in a language classroom.
如今，许多学生喜欢在上语言课的时候用英文名字。
prefer的用法： prefer v. 更喜欢；宁愿
prefer sth. to sth. 喜欢…胜过…
prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 喜欢…而不喜欢…
prefer to do rather than do 宁愿…而不愿…
e.g.
Do you prefer coffee or tea? 你喜欢咖啡还是茶？
He prefers talking to doing. 他喜欢说，却不喜欢做。
They prefer to die rather than surrender. 他们宁死不屈。
◆And for young people, having an English name is cool for them when they talk to their foreign pen pals.
而且对年轻人来说，有了英文名字，和笔友交谈时也很酷。
having an English name … 中having 是动词ing形式, 用来做主语。
e.g.
Getting up early every day is his good habit. 每天早起是他的习惯。
Swimming is her favorite sport. 游泳是她最喜欢的运动。
◆Learning English and having English names are both popular in China. They are also important for China’s contact with the world.
学习英语，而且有英文名字在中国很流行。这些对中国和世界的接触也很重要。
contact的用法：
contact n. e.g.
be in contact with 和...接触， 有联系
They have been in contact with each other for five years.
他们互相保持联系已经有五年了。
She comes into contact with many people. 她和许多人有联系。
contact v. e.g.
She contacted me as soon as she arrived. 她一到就和我联系了。
◆On the other hand, some people who come to China choose Chinese names
另一方面，一些人来到中国，也起了中文名字。
on one hand 一方面…
on the other hand 另一方面…
e.g.
On one hand, he is a clever boy; on the other hand, he always makes his mother angry.
一方面，他是个聪明的孩子；可另一方面，他老惹母亲生气。
八下Unit 4 He said I was hard-working.词语辨析
1.begin; start
begin 表示“开始”，其内涵是“使处于进程中”。例如：Knowledge begins with practice. 知识从实践开始。
start 表示“开始”，其内涵是“起程”。例如：The meeting began last week. 那次会议是上星期开始的。会议是个过程，在这个意义上用 begin 恰当。再如：A thousand-li journey is started by taking the first step. 千里之行，始于足下。所包含的意义是“起步”， 所以用 start 恰当。
2. influence; affect
influence和affect这两词的一般含义为“使人或能作出反应的物产生或受到影响”。
influence 所表示的影响包含着“力量”，有时它包含着“诱使”的意思。例如：No one can avoid being influenced by advertisements. 谁也不能避免受到广告的影响。
affect 的宾语是物时，它包含着足以引起反应的刺激，有时包含一定的改变。例如：The slight change of weather can affect her health. 天气稍有变化就会影响她的身体。
当affect的宾语是人时，它表示引起心理上或感情上的影响，即感动。例如：He was in no way affected by their misery. 他们的惨状一点也没打动他的心。
3. nervous; excited
nervous 和excited都是形容词，nervous指精神紧张，如不善于在众人面前讲话的人所表现的精神紧张。而excited是指感情方面激动或精神兴奋。例如：He was obviously very nervous. 显然他很紧张。He became very excited when he heard that he came out first in the competition. 当听到自己在竞赛中得了第一名时，他非常激动。
新课标人教版8年级英语上Unit 4 How do you get to school?-重要短语
Unit 4
1. get to 到达
2. how about ……怎么样？
3. ride a bike 骑自行车
4. take the bus 乘公共汽车
5. take the train乘火车
6. take the subway乘地铁
7. take the plane乘飞机
8. take the boat坐小船
9. take a taxi乘出租车
10. on foot 步行
11. ride to 骑车去
12. fly to 乘飞机去
13. drive to开车去
14. walk to 步行去
15. on/in a/the + 交通工具
16. by +交通工具
17. It takes sb some times to do sth花某人多少时间做某事
18. how far多远
19. A is + 距离+ from B A地离B地有多远
20. get up起床
21. take a shower淋浴
22. have a quick breakfast快速地吃了早餐
23. leave for动身去某地
24. at around six-thirty在大约六点半
25. bus station 公共汽车站
26. bus stop公共汽车站
27. early bus早班车
28. take…to… 把……带到……
29. the bus ride乘车旅行
30. five minutes’ walk步行五分钟的路程
31. train station火车站
32. subway station地铁站
33. what do you think of 你认为……怎么样？
=How do you like
34. first, then, next, finally首先，然后，接下来，最后
35. around the world 全世界
36. North America 北美
37. on the school bus乘校车
38. In other parts of the world 在世界的其它地方
39. depend on 依……而定，决定于
40. in places where………地方
41. by boat坐小船
42. a lot more fun 更多的乐趣
43. not all students并非所有的学生
44. be different from与……不同
45. the most popular最受欢迎的
46. the ways doing thing做某事的方法/式
47. means of transportation 交通方式
48. a number of…许多，若干
a small number of 少数
49. be ill 生病 be ill in hospital生病住院
50. Don’t worry. 别担心
51. have a problem有问题
新目标英语八年级下册第四单元重点知识小结
一、 易混词语
ever-never work on-work out
anot…anymore/longer-not more/longer
be good at-do well in surprise-surprising-surprised
another-other-the other-others have to-must
sick-ill start-begin
tell-talk-say-speak
二、 常用词组
1. have a prty
2. be mad at
3. the next day
4. first of all
5. pass on
6. pass…to…
7. work on
8. be supposed to do sth.
9. be good at
10. do well in
11. have a cold
12. be in good health
13. have a hard time with sth.
14. be surprised to do sth.
15. tell the truth
16. have a fight
17. talk to
18. get over
19. sound like
20. the Ministry of Education
21. the Chinese Young Pioneers
22. sent… to…
23. above sea level
24. at first
25. feel sick
26. three times a day
27. agree with
28. both…and…
29. get up
30. between…and…
31. be able to
32. senior high school
33. open up
34. in life
35. work as
36. the city of
37. around the world
38. care for
39. in danger
三、 重点句子
1. She said she was mad at Marcia.
2. He told me he would call me the next day.
3. You were supposed to meet at the bus stop.
4. She said she didn’t want to be my best friend.
5. It’s not right for you to copy other’s homework.
6. At first the thin air made her feel sick.
四、 语言语法
转述别人说过的话，间接引语
陈述句的直接引语变间接引语
直接引语是陈述句时，若变成间接引语，结构上是将原先的单独一个句子变成一个宾语从句。如He said，“I can speak English．”这句话变成间接引语则是：He said that he could speak English．原先的单独一句I can speak English变成了that he could speak English作said的宾语了。
直接引语是陈述句变成间接引语时，存在引导从句的连接词问题。事实上，直接引语是陈述句时，变成间接引语后的连接词常是that，而且这个连词that常可以省去。
（1）在时态方面，若主句谓语动词是现在时，直接引语变成间接引语后的从句则无需变化；若直接引语中的内容是客观真理，直接引语变成间接引语时则无需变化。但若主句是过去时，直接引语变成间接引语后的从句中动词时态变化规律是：
现在时变过去时，过去时一般变过去完成时。具体地说，直接引语中的一般现在时，现在进行时和一般将来时变成间接引语后分别变为一般过去时，过去进行时和过去将来时；一般过去时则变为过去完成时；直接引语中的过去进行时、过去完成时和过去将来时变成间接引语后则一般仍然维持原先在直接引语中的时态。如：
1．Henry said，“I don't want to stay here．”→Henry said that he didn't want to stay there．
2．He will say，“The girl was lazy．”→He will tell you that the girl was lazy．
（2）在人称方面，存在人称的变化，变化规律常常是：
a．直接引语中的第一人称常跟主句的主语一致。如：
He said，“I have finished my homework．”→He said（that）he had finished his homework．
b．直接引语中的第二人称常常依主句中位于动词后面的谈话对象而定，若后面没有谈话对象，则常变为第一人称。如：
Tom said，“You must finish your homework today．”→Tom said I had to finish my homework that day．
c．直接引语中的第三人称变为间接引语时，常不变。如：
He said，“She is tired．”→He said she was tired．
（3）在指示代词、时间状语、地点状语及个别动词方面，都有这样一个变化规律：
这变那，过去变以前；来变去，明天变为第二天。
“这变那”指的是this→that；these→those；now→then；today→that day；here→there
“过去变以前”指的是yesterday→the day before；last night→the night before；ago→before
“来变去”指的是come→go
“明天变为第二天”指的是tomorrow→the next／following day
巩固练习题
变下列直接引语为间接引语：
1．She said，“Let's go to see the film tonight．”
2．They said，“These are our books．”
3．He said，“The earth turns around the sun．”
答案：
1．She asked us to go to see the film that night．
2．They said（that）those were their books．
3．He said that the earth turns around the sun．
一主、 二宾、三不变--谈谈直接引语变间接引语人称变化规律
把直接引语变为间接引语时，人称变化比较复杂。有不少同学常在这一问题上大伤脑筋。这里的人称变化（包括人称代词、物主代词和反身代词的变化）究竟有无规律可循？有。这就是：一主、二宾、三不变。这个规律列表如下：
（直接引语为祈使句，变为间接引语不是复合句而是简单句，第二人称的变化就与简单句宾语的人称保持一致）
请看下列句子：
1．He says，“I did my homework myself yesterday．”→
He says that he did his homework himself the day before．
直接引语中的I，my和myself变化时与主句的he的人称保持一致，分别变为he， his和himself。
2．She said to Tom，“Can you lend your dictionary to me？”→
She asked Tom whether（if）he could lend his dictionary to her．
直接引语中的you和your变化时与主句的间接宾语Tom的人称保持一致，分别变为he和his；me与主句的主语she的人称保持一致，变为her。
3．He says，“My sister was here three days ago，but she is not here now．”→
He says that his sister was there three days before，but she is not there then．
直接引语中的my变化时与主句的主语he的人称保持一致，变为his；she是第三人称，保持不变。
当原句中没有间接宾语时，变为间接引语则要将直接引语中的呼语变为宾语或间接宾语；呼语也没有时，则要另外加上一个宾语或间接宾语，这个宾语或间接宾语可以是me或us，或是其它代词或名词。这时，直接引语中的第二人称也就与这个变化或者加上的宾语或间接宾语的人称保持一致。这仍不违背“一主、二宾、三不变”规律中“二宾”这一条。例如：
4．One of the girls said，“Let me go on with your work， Mr．Wang．”→
One of the girls asked Mr．Wang to let her go on with his work．
直接引语中的your与由呼语变来的宾语Mr．Wang的人称保持一致，变为his。
5．He says，“Where did you see her last night？”→
He asks me where I saw her the night before．
一、直接引语和间接引语的意义：我们转述别人的话时，可以引用别人的原话，被引用的部分称为直接引语；用自己的话转述别人的意思，被转述的部分称为间接引语。间接引语多数构成宾语从句。
二、直接引语改为间接引语时连词的使用：
1、直接引语为陈述句时，间接引语的连词用that，that可以省略。如：
“I have lived in the south for years,” Mrs Duncan said.
→Mrs Duncan told me (that) she had lived in the south for years. Duncan夫人说她在南方住了许多年。
“I shall tell him exactly what I think,” she said.
→She said (that) she would tell him exactly what she thought. 她说她将会告诉他她所想的。
2、直接引语为一般疑问句时，间接引语的连词用if / whether。如：
He said，“Are you interested in English?”
→He asked (me) if I was interested in English. 他问我是否对英语感兴趣。
He said，“Did you see him last night?”→He asked (me) whether I had seen him the night before. 他问我头天晚上是否见到了他。
3、直接引语为特殊疑问句时，间接引语的连词用特殊疑问句本身所带的疑问词如when，where，who，why，how，how many，how old等等。如：
“What do you want?” he asked me.
→He asked me what I wanted. 他问我想要什么。
“How can we improve the condition of the soil?” the farmers asked him.
→The farmers asked him how they could improve the condition of the soil. 农民们询问他如何才能提高土壤的质量。
4、直接引语为祈使句时，间接引语不用连词，而是将直接引语改为动词不定式用作句子的宾语补足语。如：
She said to us，“Please sit down. ”
→She asked us to sit down.
He said，“Don’t make so much noise，boys. ”
→He told the boys not to make so much noise.
“Please explain why you’re two and a half hours late,” the boss said.
→The boss asked him to explain why he was two and a half hours late.
“Don’t give up!” Father shouted at him.
→Father told him in a loud voice not to give up.
“Get everything ready in half an hour,” the teacher said to the students.
→The teacher ordered the students to get everything ready in half an hour.
〖注〗主句的谓语动词有时要根据直接引语的情态和语气作相应的变化，如say说； tell sb. 告诉某人；ask问/请求；suggest建议；order命令等等。
四、时态的变化：如主句的谓语动词为现在时态范畴，间接引语中的时态一般不作变化；但如果主句的谓语动词为过去时态范畴，则间接引语多改用相应的过去时态。其规律见下表：
|
直接引语 |
间接引语 |
|
一般现在时 |
一般过去时 |
|
现在进行时 |
过去进行时 |
|
现在完成时 |
过去完成时 |
|
一般将来时 |
一般过去将来时 |
|
现在完成进行时 |
过去完成进行时 |
|
一般过去时 |
过去完成时 |
如：She’s preparing her lessons,” I said.
→I said that she was preparing her lessons.
I said to them，“He’ll get excited. ”
→I told them that he would get excited.
He said to me，“Jane spent all her time doing that. ”
→He told me that Jane had spent all her time doing that.
例外：
1、直接引语如果有表示具体过去时间的时间状语（如in 1992,last week）等，在变为间接引语时可以不变。如：
My father said to me，“I read the book in 1986. ”
→My father told me he read the book in 1986.
2、直接引语表达的意思是客观真理时，时态可以不变。如：
The geography teacher said to us，“The earth turns around the sun. ”
→The geography teacher told us that the earth turns around the sun.
五、间接引语中人称代词的变化：要根据句子的意义作相应的变动。其规律是：一主二宾三不变，即第一人称代词指的是句子的主语；第二人称代词指的是句子的宾语；第三人称代词不用变化。如：
“I haven’t brought my dictionary. ” the student said.
→The student said that he hadn’t brought his dictionary.
六、指示代词、时间、地点状语的变化：通常总是由近指改为远指。其规律见下表：
|
直接引语 |
间接引语 |
|
now（现在） |
then（那时） |
|
ago（以前） |
before（以前） |
|
today（今天） |
that day（那天） |
|
this morning（今天早晨） |
that morning（那天早晨） |
|
yesterday（昨天） |
the day before（前一天） |
|
yesterday morning（昨天早晨） |
the morning before（前一天早晨） |
|
tomorrow（明天） |
the next/following day;
the day after（第二天） |
|
last week/month（上星期/上个月） |
the week/month before（前一个星期/月） |
|
next week/month（下星期/上个月） |
the week/month after（第二个星期/月）
the following week/month |
|
this week/month（本星期/本月） |
that week/month（那个星期/月） |
|
here（这儿） |
there（那儿） |
如：
“I’ll come and see you again this evening，Tom. ” he said.
→He told Tom that he would go and see him again that evening.
例外：如果现场转述别人的话或当句子的意义不会引起误解的情况下，则勿须改变以上内容。如：
“I’ll come here again today,” she said.
→She said that she’d come here again today.
七、语序的使用：间接引语中总是使用陈述语序。如：
She asked，“What is it? What’s going to happen now?”
→She asked what it was and what was going to happen then.
The boy was wondering，“How does the computer work?”
→The boy was wondering how the computer worked.
He asked me，“Do you study English or French?”
→He asked me whether I studied English or French.
“It’s Mary，isn’t it?” asked Jane.
→Jane asked whether it was Mary or not.
能力过关检测
1. The teacher said，“Don’t be late，Mary. ”
The teacher told ____.
A. Mary not to be late B. Mary to be not late C. Mary are not late D. not to be late
2. He asked her，“Where are you going?”
He asked her ____.
A. where she were going B. where she was going to
C. where she was going D. where she is going
3. The lady said，“I shall go there on time. ”
The lady said that ____.
A. she would come there on time B. she would come here on time
C. she would got here on time D. he would got here on time
4. He said to me，“I wrote to my father yesterday. ”
He told me he had written to his father ____.
A. the yesterday B. before today C. the day beforeD. the next day
5. The teacher asked，“Are you waiting for the bus?”
The teacher asked ____ for the bus.
A. if I was waiting B. was I waiting C. you are waiting D. I was waiting
6. The professor said that light ____ faster than sound.
A. travels B. traveled C. travel D. travelled
7. My mother asked me to show my homework to her.
My mother said to me，“Show ____ homework. ”
A. her my B. me your C. her your D. me his
Key:
强化训练题：ACBCA AB
