|
========================
【Concept 】 Sheng eating utensils , above the mouth of large round A round concave heart filled food utensils , usually near the hemispherical in form , generally higher than deep dish , larger and heavier than the cup . ======================== 【Materials term】 Ceramics, wood , jade , glass, glass , metal, etc. ======================== 【Terminology shape】 1 archaeological discoveries and historical records , the earliest celadon bowl is the original article , the basic shape of a big mouth and deep belly flat , for use in Shang and Zhou Spring and Autumn Period . (2) With the future evolution of porcelain craft gradual improvement as well as people 's aesthetic and practical requirements increase, bowl shape , decoration , quality has become increasingly sophisticated, more and more specific and diverse use of the division of labor , such as jobs, bowls , bowls , bowls , etc. 3 different periods bowl, its shape , the glaze water, ornamentation is there is a clear difference. ----------- [ Don ago ] Its type , mostly straight mouth , flat , glazing does not in the end , almost no ornamentation . ----------- [ Tang ] Large -type , a straight mouth, write-mouth , sunflower mouth , etc., there lips protruding rim , mostly flat , jade ring wall and strip the bottom end , glazing close to the bottom , refined products applied over the glaze , a simple scratch decorative appearance . ----------- [ Song ] Its type , mostly hats , hat style , big rim , a small ring foot , ring foot rim diameter is almost one-third . Mostly monochrome glaze , like a shadow blue, black, butter , and white , with engraved ornamentation , planning, printing and other techniques, the children at play , animals, plants text image painted on the outside wall of the bowl bottom or inner heart . ----------- [ Yuan ] Compared with the Song Dynasty bowl , outstanding performance for the tall thick, circular foot, mostly written more than esotropia , eight-shaped cross-section . Multi-use printing, carved decoration. Ming bowl more heart-shaped type, baidunzi style and fold flat rim outward , Quanzu relatively narrow thin , they use painted flower decoration. Decorative techniques for painting flowers bowl , starting from the Tang Changsha Kiln , Song Dynasty Cizhou transition excited by blue and white Yuan , the Ming Dynasty really flourished . ----------- [ Ming ] Most is carcass thin, white blue and white bowl of the food or beverage . Qing Dynasty bowl matter in which respects better than former , shape , glaze , decoration and more diverse , more sophisticated and delicate craft production , prime three -color , colorful, pastels royal palace decorated with a bowl even more amazing . ======================== 【Modeling Terminology】 Exposure , deep belly, flat or ring foot , a variety of forms . When the Six Dynasties Celadon Lotus Petal bowls, Tang Yue Begonia bowl , Xing kiln glaze flower mouth bowl , emerged after bow bowl, bowl hats , lying foot bowls, Dun bowl , tureen and so on. ----------- 1 , [ Gong bowl ] Write outside rim , wide and deep abdominal Feng Yuan , modeling correct , mostly for the palace Appliances . Ching Ming fired when the most famous , the " Zhengde bowl ," said. Special specified fired in a Xuande bowl . Rim slightly outside the write , abdominal deep and wide , ring foot. The shape of this mostly blue and white for decoration, and ancient legend . Masanori when firing increases, so there "Masanori Palace Bowl ," said. At that time kilns are competing imitation. ----------- 2 , [ Yu feast ] Cup a style . The body oval , pale belly, flat . Ventral sides of the half-moon set ears , some pie foot or pupil . Ming and Qing epidemic. Bowl who often inscribed with the name of the believers disciples begged content alms time , mostly blue and white porcelain . ----------- 3 , [ Note bowl ] Temperature and sprinkle utensils, and supporting the use of sub-note . Generally straight and deep bowl wall , and some whole body was lotus-shaped , with the amount of hot water when you put the bowl . Note child placed in a bowl filled with wine . North Song Dynasty kilns are firing , mostly in the South . ----------- 4 , [ light ] A style bowl , tea Appliances . Exposure , Xieshen , deep belly , ring foot , the body slightly smaller . Song , black , white, butter , green , white, and green tea cup glaze to glaze as expensive. Tuhao light , sea turtle lamp for " tea fight " the top grade . ----------- 5 , [ Tea Party Ship ] Put the tea cup appliances. Due to the shape ship , to help name. Ming and Qing Jingdezhen official kiln firing imitation enamel , table flowers, pastel tea boat . ----------- 6 , [ flat-bottomed bowl ] Also known as the chronological bowl, bowl , one of the Eastern Han to Tang can be seen . Whose flat is in the preform during the course of the bowl cut process made use of flat foot . Eastern Han Dynasty, flat to slightly concave , flat-bottomed bowl , bowl rim with hemispherical and restrained two kinds , epigastric drums, lower adduction. Three Kingdoms period stacked flat bowl with burning branches nails . Western Jin sized larger belly shallow, small flat . Eastern bowl emerge in Taiwan , flat lenient. Southern Taiwan is obvious enough , this formula has been used to Tang . ----------- 7 , [ Bi bottom bowl ] Popular in the Tang Dynasty , the late . Bowl for the bi -shaped foot , the center concave, full circle wider. There are not enough centers recess glazing and glazing of the points. Bi bottom bowl kiln firing with Xing Kiln , Ding , Gong county kiln, kiln , Changsha kiln, hunyuanyao , Bo Jingcun kiln . ----------- 8 , [ four bowl ] More popular in the Tang Dynasty . Four is sized department has four concave formed four lacy . Usually under the belly cavity wall has a raised vertical lined , like mosaic stems veins . ----------- 9 , [ Li bowl ] Also known as the Armless , summer hat style , hat bowl , Five Dynasties, Song popular one since the shape . Large exposures , oblique straight belly , a small ring foot , like inverted steeple hats Kangxi period is written for a wide outer rim , round belly , ring foot bigger. ----------- 10 [ Aoi mouth bowl ] Northern Song dynasty is more common, because Wankou along as four , six , eight sunflower type the name. Song Kwai mouth for six general , such as Song celadon kiln fired powder bowls, exposure , a slight curvature of the stomach , the small ring foot. Yongle bowl of sweet white glaze printing , mouth for six type, exposure , small foot . Qianlong imitation officer for eight sunflower bowl shape. ----------- 11 , [ Zhuge bowl ] Also known as Ming bowl, Song and Ming Dynasties common bowl , beginning in the North Song Dynasty Longquan Kiln carved makers. Modeling of convergence mouth , arcs belly, ring foot. Heart with bowl bottom bunk clip was empty , the bottom with a hole connected with fasting . This unique shape , from the "Three Kingdoms " legend : Zhuge Liang six Qishan , Sima Yi repeated defeat, not barricaded . Liang repair book emissary donated to humiliate the women's clothing . According to the messengers return, Yi read Sapporo recipient an anger , but the prime minister spook detailed consultation work of Traditional and Simplified , following the words: " eat less annoying things , it could be a long peace ." Bright for the confusion the enemy , were spying on each other to make when dining with double bowl , bowl EXPRESS surplus food can , in fact, there is only the upper rice. Later then known as Zhuge this double bowl bowl , also known as Ming bowl. Uses for use by makers. Longquan kiln, the largest number of the Ming and Qing Jingdezhen has fired . ----------- 12 , [ lying foot bowls ] Jin became popular. 1980 Beijing Fengtai Jin tomb unearthed Yaozhou lying foot bowls carved in the form of lip along the straight mouth , flat center concave, unglazed bottom foot . ----------- 13 , [ Fold belly bowl ] Commonly known as the bow bowl, Yuan popular bowl . The shape of exposure , abdominal cut , bottom of inward folded flat , small foot . Jingdezhen Yuan Shu Fu enamel is more common. In addition there are green glaze , blue and other varieties. ----------- 14 , [ heart-shaped bowl ] Popular in the Ming Yongle, Xuande period. Exposure , deep abdominal , internal bottom concave , convex outsole heart-shaped shaped like a small ring foot. Large , medium and small of the points. Glazed varieties of white glaze, blue and white two kinds . Qing Yongzheng and Qianlong much imitation . ----------- 15 , [ bowl he Hu bowl ] Also known as the co- bowl , Ming Xuande been fired kiln in Jingdezhen . The shape of the write-mouth , straight wall , folding abdomen, lower abdomen prescribe raised xianwen for decoration , overlying the dome cover, cap with blue and white bowl on the Ming heart models , fonts have regular script, Seal two kinds . Qing he Hu Wan Gai button to make more squatting beast type . ----------- 16 , [ dice bowl ] Commonly known as " dice helmet child", one bowl , because with the old gambling equipment similar to the name , Xuande period Jingdezhen firing . The shape is flat along the open , shallow arc belly, ring foot , heavy carcass . Inside in white , blue and white , or is spilled outside mostly blue glaze decoration, location or department funds under the rim on the outside or on the inside bottom . ----------- 17 , [ save bowl ] Ming Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty a popular combination of cutlery sets , see "save disk ." ----------- 18 , [ water bowl ] Buddhism for the device , as is common in the Ming and Qing shape . Mouth slightly extravagant , round belly close , false ring foot. Porcelain bowl with water often Holder . Block was washing the mouth, long neck, slip the shoulder , abdomen, lower outer write , flat sand bottom , side-mounted pre- symmetrical animal ears . Bottles and seat match , commonly known as "sea light" , but often missing the one handed down , you can not support. Holder stored in bulk form multi- device according to its kind known as the " horn statue " or " animal ears mouth wash bottles ." ----------- 19 , [ tureen ] A covered bowl , tea , popular in the Qing . The shape of the Qing Emperor Kangxi period tureen fold along with write-mouth type, open type two . Two -type devices are under close belly , ring foot. Cover bowl caliber diameter is smaller than many , buckle in bowl caliber, cover more than a few sized , commonly known as day cover type . There Taizhi Yixing pottery porcelain and tires are two common blue and white, pastel, enamel and other single- color glaze and other varieties. ----------- 20 , [ Octagon bowl ] Popular in the Qing Dynasty . The shape for eight square, open , grabbing the mouth two type, multi- bowl abdominal adduction . Yongzheng period has a direct abdominal closing ceremony. ----------- 21 , [ bowls ] Welcomed by the Tibetan people living appliances , generally used in cuckoo roots and " Raba " ( duck feet timber ) , birch and poplar branches fork, festival, root spin from the system. Firm texture , easy to break, with a smooth , beautiful , practical, no hot mouth , do not taste, pushing and convenience features . Then choose one kind of parasite finest wooden bowls , Tibetan " Zan " wood smooth, delicate, translucent lines as thin as hair , is the Tibetan people as " wooden treasure" , especially parasitic on the roots of Artemisia sticks " Zan " is superior . Because of its rare and therefore regarded as treasures and treasure forever . Wooden bowls of Men's Women's , men's suits to open large sized wooden bowls , bowls, body low, women's bowls are the opposite. Both male and female style wooden bowls, bowl seats are relatively high. Affluent families , wooden bowls generally silver-wrapped , all-inclusive , half a pack of three various packages and edges , all inclusive and half a pack of silver bowl , bowls carved Buddhist seat pattern Mani treasure ornaments, bowls carved body or possessing eight Swiss Shuanglongxizhu etc. Figure ornaments, silver bowl after the middle of the bottom of the core package inserts gold plum Pearl . More attention with a round tower silver bowl lid , bowl lid vertebral sharp agate , but also with silver bowl care , are very exquisite carving . ======================== 【Article is excerpted from: Web Search】 【Reserved Integrate / Just Reference】 【Translation is by The Network】 |
|
|
来自： LOFT生活 > 《Home Term》
