gmbillbankssays:
June 13, 2008 at 11:18 am
计算机软件许可合同
签约时间：__________
签约地点：__________
合同编号：__________
本合同是由以下双方于____年_____月_____日签订的：中国________公司（以下简称“接受方”）为一方，______国__________公司（以下简称“许可方”）为另一方；
鉴于许可方和接受方已就接受方向许可方购买______系统签订了购买合同；
鉴于本合同所指明的若干计算机软件作为许可方按购买合同所提供______ 系统的一部分或者与之一起使用的情况下， 许可方应将该软件许可接受方使用；
鉴于许可方有权授予本合同所规定的许可；
双方授权代表通过友好协商，同意就以下条款签订本合同。
第一条 定 义
1.1 “购买合同”是指许可方与接受方于_____年_____月_____日就接受方向许可方购买___________系统签订的合同。
1.2 “许可方”是指_____国__________公司，或者该公司的法人代表、代理和财产继承者。
1.3 “接受方”是指中国__________公司，或者该公司的法人代表、代理和财产继承者。
1.4 “系统”是指购买合同规定的，接受方向许可方购买的______系统。
1.5 “程序”是指构成接受方购买的_______系统的_______控制系统的程序。1.6 “专有资料”是指由许可方提供的，与程序有关的文件、数据、技术指标。
1.7 “合同生效日”是指双方签订本合同的日期。
第二条 合同范围
2.1 许可方特此按本合同所规定的条款向接受方授予使用和复制控制______ 系统程序的许可，而接受方特此按本合同的规定同意接受 该许可。按本合同许可的程序如下：
（应加入该程序的内容、运行的环境以及应具备的功能）
2.2 许可方授予接受方使用、复制该程序的许可权，这种权利是非独占性的，是不可转让的权利。
2.3 许可方负责向接受方提供该程序的专有资料，专有资料包括以下几项：
A：一份用户指南；
B：三份操作手册和安装指南。
第三条 合同价格
3.1 按照第二条规定的内容和范围，本合同采用一次性支付使用费的方式，计价的货币为美元。
3.2 使用费共计为_______________美元。
第四条 支付条件
4.1 本合同第三条规定使用费以美元电汇，通过中国__________银行（此处为接受方的业务银行）和__________银行（此处为许可方的业务银行）支付。一切应由许可方在中华人民共和国境内缴纳的所得税应由接受方预扣并代表许可方向有关税务机关缴纳，付款收据应立即传真和邮寄给许可方。
4.2 按照购买合同的规定，在_________系统验收合格，并由双方代表签署验收证明后，许可方应立即开具有关单据，接受方在收到许可方开具的下列单据后三十天内，应将使用费支付给许可方：
A：商业发票正本一式六份； B：双方代表按照购买合同的规定签署的验收证明正本一份；
4.3 按本合同规定，如许可方需要向接受方支付罚款或赔偿时，接受方有权从上述支付中直接扣除。
第五条 专有资料的交付改进
5.1 许可方应按本合同第二条的规定在合同签订之日起 日内向接受方提供专有资料。交付条件为C.F.R，目的地机场为中国______机场。
5.2 许可方提供给接受方的专有资料用英文书就。
5.3 如果许可方提供的专有资料有丢失、损坏和/或不完整，许可方在收到接受方的书面通知后30天内，免费将专有资料重寄或补发给接受方。
5.4 在合同的有效期内，许可方对程序如有改进和发展，应免费向接受方提供与此相关的更新后的程序和专有资料。
5.5 在本合同期满或终止后_______天内，接受方要提供给许可方一个文件证明，已尽其所能和所知，除了经许可方同意由接受方保留的一个用以归档的复制件外，将其原件和其他完整或部分复制的复制件，不论以任何形式，包括更新以后的任何复制件，退还给许可方或已销毁。
第六条 安装与验收
6.1 许可方应在购买合同规定的期限内完成该程序的安装。
6.2 验收按购买合同规定的程序进行。
第七条 使用、复制、转让及透 露 限制
7.1 接受方只可将程序用于许可方按购买合同条款提供作为________系统一部分的计算机，例外的是，如果 ___________系统计算机因为发生故障不能操作，或在进行保养性维修、工程设计变更、特制件或模型变换期间不能操作，则也可将程序用在接受方的备用计算机上，直到__________系统控制用计算机修复到操作状态为止。接受方只能将程序用于直接的内部操作方面，在任何情况下均不得将程序供给他人使用。
7.2 接受方不得复制程序或其任何部分，例外的是，接受方只是为了备份、存档和将程序置于适宜执行状况，可以复制程序。所有经允许的复制件，都要清楚地标上与原先供给接受方的程序相同的、关于许可方所有权或版权的限制说明。经允许的复制件应以安全的方式予以保存。
7.3 除非经许可方事先以书面方式同意，接受方不得出售、转让或许可他人使用程序。
7.4 接受方不得将程序或其任何部分透露或者以其他方式提供给第三方和接受方没有必要授权其在业务中使用程序从任何雇员。接受方应采取一切合理、必要的步骤，保证不会将程序或其任何部分透露或者以其他方式提供给任何第三方。
第八条 侵权和保证
8.1 许可方保证其有权授予在本合同中所授予的许可。如果在执行合同过程中一旦发生第三方指控侵权时，则由许可方负责与第三方交涉，并承担由此引起的一切法律和经济上的责任。如果在诉讼或仲裁中被判为构成侵权，程序的使用被禁止，许可方可以自行承担费用承担以下任何一项：
A. 替换或修改程序，使之不再构成侵权，并在实质上用同样的质量进行同样的服务；
B. 在程序退还许可方之后退还接受方使用费，但要从中扣除使用、损坏和陈旧的折旧费。
许可方在采取上述措施后，不能免除其承担的其他赔偿责任。但许可方对基于以下其中一项的任何版权侵权所提出的请求不负责任。
A. 接受方自行修改程序，或程序没有在指定的工作环境中使用；
B. 在____________系统之外的系统使用程序。
8.2 许可方保证程序在规定的操作环境中的使用能够符合合同第二条的指标要求。许可方不保证任何程序的不中断或无差错运行。自系统验收之日起，保修期为____年。许可方保证在该期间内免费修理、更换并重新安装程序中任何有瑕疵的部分。
第九条 税 费
9.1 凡与本合同有关的或在执行本合同时，根据有效的税法由中华人民共和国政府向接受方征收的一切税应由接受方支付。9.2 凡与本合同有关或在执行本合同时在中华人民共和国以外征收的一切税费应由许可方支付。
第十条 合同的终止
10.1 在合同到期后，接受方可以书面通知许可方终止本合同，并免除其在合同项下的义务。
10.2 如果任何一方违反合同条款，在给予了书面通知和合理的时间予以纠正，而仍不改正的，另一方有权终止合同。
10.3 如果合同终止后，合同中的条款按其性质仍应有效的，许可方和接受方仍应遵守。
第十一条 不可抗力
11.1 合同双方中的任何一方，由于战争或严重的水灾、火灾，台风和地震等自然灾害，以及双方同意的可作为不可抗力的其他事故而影响合同执行时，则延长履行合同的期限，延长的期限相当于事故所影响的时间。
11.2 受不可抗力影响的一方应尽快将发生不可抗力事故的情况以电传或电报通知对方，并于十四天内以航空挂号信件将有权证明的机构出具的证明文件提交给另一方进行确认。
11.3 如果不可抗力事故的影响延续到一百二十天以上时，合同双方应通过友好协商解决合同的执行问题。
第十二条 争议的解决
12.1 因执行本合同所发生的或与本合同有关的一切争议，双方应通过友好协商解决。
12.2 如双方通过协商不能达成协议时，则应提交中国国际经济贸易仲裁委员会深圳分会，按照申请仲裁时该会现行有效的仲裁规则进行仲裁。仲裁裁决是终局的，对双方均有约束力。
12.3 争议的解放应适用中华人民共和国法律。
12.4 在争议的处理过程中，除正在进行仲裁的部分外，合同的其他部分将继续执行。
第十三条 合同的生效及其他
13.1 本合同由双方授权代表于_____年_____月_____日在__________签字。并自签字之日起生效。
13.2 本合同的有效期从合同生效日起算共__________年。
13.3 本合同的执行中，对其条款的任何变更、修改和增减，都须经双方协商同意并签署书面文件，作为合同的组成部分，与合同具有同等效力。
13.4 本合同期满后，双方的未了债权和债务不受合同期满的影响，债务人应对债权人继续完成未了债务。
13.5 本合同用英文书就，双方各持两份。在合同的有效期内，双方通讯以英文进行。正式通知应以书面形式，特快专递或航空挂号邮寄，一式两份。合同双方的法定住址如下：
A． 接受方：_______________ B． 许可方：_________________
地 址：_________________ 地 址：_________________
电 传：_________________ 电 传：_________________
传 真：_________________ 传 真：_________________
接受方授权代表（签字） 许可方授权代表（签字）续执行。
COMPUTER SOFTWARE LICENSING CONTRACT
SigningDate: _____________.
Signing Place: _____________.
Contract No: _____________.
This contract is made on_______between China______ Company______Country (hereinafter referred to as“Licensee”)on the one hand and_______ Company _______ Country, (hereinafter referred to as“Licensor”).
Whereas Licensee and Licensor have entered into a purchase contract in which Licensee agrees to purchase __________system from Licensor;
Whereas the software programs listed and described in this contract are used either as part of or in conjunction with system to be provided by Licensor under Purchase Contract.
Whereas Licensor has the right to grant the license in this contract;
Both parties＇s authorized representatives, through friendly negotiation, have agreed to enter into this Contract under the terms as stipulated below.
Section 1 Definitions
1.1 “Purchase Contract”means the contract signed by Licensor and Licensee on _______ , in which Licensee agrees to purchase __________ system from Licensor.
1.2 “Licensor”means_________ Company __________ Country, or the legal representative, or agency or the property successor of the Company.
1.3 “Licensee”means __________ Company_________Country, or the legal representative, or agency or the property successor of the Company.
1.4 “System”means the system provided by Licensor under the Purchase Contract.
1.5 “Program”means the program which constitute the control system of System provided by Licensor under the Purchase Contract.
1.6 “Technical Documents”means documents relating to Program, date and technical specifi-cations provided by Licensor.
1.7 “The Date of Effectiveness of the Contract”means the date of signing this contract by both parties.
Section 2 Scope of the Contract
2.1 Licensor hereby grants to Licensee and Licensee hereby accepts the license to use and copy, on terms and conditions set forth herein, the Program which constitutes the control system of __________ System provided by Licensor under Purchase Contract. The Program is described and specified as follows:_________ ; _________ ;_________ . (insert the content, specified operating environment and technical specifications)
2.2 Licensor agrees to grant Licensee the license and right to use and copy the Program. The license and right are non-exclusive and untransferable.
2.3 Licensor is responsible for providing Licensee with the Technical Documents of the Program, which should include the following items:
A: One User’s Guide;
B: Three copies of all operating manuals and installation instructions for the Program.
Section 3 Price of the Contract
3.1 In accordance with the content and scope stipulated in Section 2 to the contract, the amount of the payable Royalty for the Program will be a one-time charge. The currency shall be in US dollars.
3.2 The total amount of the Royalty is __________US dollars.
Section 4 Conditions of Payment
4.1 Royalty stipulated in Section 3 to the contract shall be paid by telegraphic transfer through the Bank__________ (the business Bank of Licensee) and the Bank __________(the business Bank of Licensor). The income tax of the Contract to be levied by the Government of People’s Republic of China shall be deduct from Royalty, and shall be paid by Licensee to China Tax Office in name of Licensor, but the documents of such payment should be faxed and mailed to Licensor immediately.
4.2 In accordance with the Purchase Contract, after __________System has been tested and accepted and both parties signed the Certificate of Acceptance, Licensor shall immediately issue the related documents. The royalty shall be paid by Licensee to Licensor within 30 days after received the following documents which are provided by Licensor:
A: Six copies of the Commercial Invoice;
B: one original Certificate of Testing and Acceptance signed by both parties in accordance with the Purchase Contract.
4.3 Licensee shall have the right to deduct from any of the above mentioned payment the penalties and/or compensations which Licensor shall pay to Licensee in accordance with the stipulation of the contract.
Section 5 Delivery and Improvement of the Technical Documents
5.1 Licensor shall provide Licensee with Technical Documents within _____ days from the date of Effectiveness of this Contract. The delivery shall under C.F.R term. The destination is ________airport in China.
5.2 The Technical Documents provided by Licensor are written in English.
5.3 If the Technical Documents provided by Licensor are lost, damaged and/or incomplete, after receiving written notice of Licensee, Licensor shall remail the documents which are lost, damaged and/or incomplete within 30 days
5.4 During the valid period of the Contract, if the Program has been improved or developed by Licensor, Licensor should provide Licensee with renewed program and related technical documents.
5.5 After expiration of the Contract or within ______ days from the date of terminating the Contract, Licensee shall provide Licensor with a document, certifying that ,except one copy of the Program in archives, the original and all copies or partial copies of the Program (including copies of renewed Program), or in any form, have been returned to Licensor or destroyed.
Section 6 Installation and Acceptance
6.1 Licensor should complete the installation according to the time schedule stipulated in Purchase Contract.
6.2 The procedure of acceptance should be carried on in accordance with the stipulation of Purchase Contract.
Section 7 Restriction on Use, Copying, Transfer and Disclosure
7.1 Licensee may use the Program solely and exclusively on computers furnished by Licensor under terms of Purchase Contract, as part of __________System, except that the Program may also be used on Licensee’s backup computer if the System computers are inoperative because of malfunction or during the performance of preventive maintenance, engineering changes or changes in features or model, until the System control computers are restored to operative status. Licensee shall use the program only in connection with its immediate internal operations, and shall not offer or supply the use of the Program to others under any circumstance.
7.2 Licensee shall make no copies of the Program, or any part thereof, except that Licensee may make copies of the Program solely for the purposes of backup, archival storage and placing the Program in a form suitable for execution. All permitted copies shall be clearly marked with the same Licensor proprietary and copyright restrictions which appear on the Program originally supplied to Licensee. Permitted copies shall be stored in a secured manner.
7.3 Licensee shall not sell, assign, sublicense, transfer, or otherwise make available the Program, except as may be permitted by Licensor with written prior content.
7.4 Except as expressly permitted herein, Licensee shall not disclose or otherwise make available the Program, or any portion thereof, to any third party or to any employee of Licensee who is not of necessity authorized by Licensee to use the Program in Licensee’s business. Licensee shall take all reasonable steps necessary to insure the Program, or any portion thereof, is not disclosed or otherwise made available by Licensee or employees of Licensee to any third party.
Section 8 Infringements and Guarantees
8.1 Licensor warrants it has the right to grant the license herein granted. In the course of implementation of the Contract, if any third party accuses Licensee of infringement, Licensor shall be responsible for approaching the third party about the accusation and bear all the economic and legal responsibilities which may arise. If any award is made by a final judgment that the Program used within the scope of the license herein granted constitutes an infringement of any patent or copyright, Licensor shall, at its expense:
A: Replace or modify the Program so that it becomes noninfringing and performs the same service with substantially the same quality;
B: Grant Licensee a credit, less reasonable depreciation for use,damage and obsoles-cence, upon return of the Program to Licensor.
But this dose not mean that Licensor is excused from other responsibilities that it should take.Licensor shall have noliability for any claim of copyright or patent infringement based on:
A: Your modification of the Program, or the Program’s use in other than its specified operating environment;
B: Use the Program on system other than__________System.
8.2 Licensor guarantees that when the Program is used in the specified operating environment it will conform to the technical specifications stipulated in Section 2 to the Contract. Licensor dose not warrant uninterrupted or error-free operating of the Program. The Warrant Period is _______ years after the date of acceptance. Licensor guarantees that it shall correct, replace or reinstall any program found to be defective from normal usage.
Section 9 Taxes and Duties
9.1 All the taxes and duties in connection with and in the execution of the Contract to be levied on Licensee by the Government of the People’s Republic of China in accordance with the Chinese Tax Laws in effect shall be paid by Licensee.
9.2 All the taxes and duties in connection with and in the execution of the Contract to be levied on Licensor by the Government of the People’s Republic of China in accordance with the Chinese Tax Laws in effect shall be paid by Licensor.
Section 10 Termination of the Contract
10.1 Licensee may terminate this contract on written notice to Licensor following the expiration or termination of its obligations.
10.2 Either of Parties may terminate the Contract if the other does not comply with any of its items, provided the one who is not complying is given written notice and reasonable time to comply.
10.3 Any terms of the Contract which by their nature extend beyond its termination remain in effect until fulfilled, and apply to both of our respective successors and assignees.
Section 11 Force Majeure
11.1 If either of the parties is prevented from execution the Contract by such cases of force majeure as war, serious flood, fire, typhoon and earthquake or other cases which are agreed upon by both parties as cases of force majeure, the time for performance of the Contract shall be extended by a period equivalent to the effect of such cases.
11.2 The effected party shall notify the other party of the cases of force majeure occurred by Fax as soon as possible and shall send by registered airmail, within 14 (fourteen) days thereafter, a certificate issued by the authorities or departments concerned to the other part for confirmation. Should the effect of the force majeure cases last for more than 120 (one hundred and twenty) days, both parties shall settle the problem of further execution of the Contract through friendly consultations as soon as possible.
Section 12 Dispute Settlements
12.1 All disputes in connection with or in the execution of the Contract shall be settled through friendly consultation by both parties.
12.2 In case no settlement to disputes can be reached through friendly consultation by both parties, the disputes shall be submitted to China International Economic and Trade Arbitration Commission Shenzhen Sub-Commission for arbitration which shall be conducted in accordance with the Commission’s arbitration rules in effect at the time of applying for arbitration. The arbitral award is final and binding upon both parties.
12.3 The arbitration fee shall be borne by the losing party.
12.4 In the course of settling disputes, the contract shall be continuously executed by both parties except for the part which is under arbitration.
Section 13 Effectiveness of the Contract and Miscellaneous
13.1 The contract is signed by the authorized representatives of both parties on ________ , and comes into force immediately after the date of signing.
13.2 The Contract shall be valid for a period of ________ years from the Date of Effectiveness of the Contract.
13.3 In the course of implementation of the Contract, all the alterations, amendments, supplements and subtractions to the Contract have been agreed upon and signed in written documents through consultation by both parties. They are integral parts of the Contract and have same legal force and effect as in the Contract.
13.4 After the date of the expiry of the validity period of the Contract, all those creditor’s rights and debts which have not been fulfilled by either of the Parties shall still be fulfilled by both parties without any influence of the expiry of validity period of the Contract.
13.5 The Contract is made out in English in four originals, two for each party. Within the validity period of the Contract, the communication between both parties shall be made in English; the formal notice shall be made in written form in two copies, sending by registered airmail. The legal addresses of both parties of the contract are as follows:
A. Licensor:________________. B. Licensor: _________________.
Address:_________________. Address:__________________.
Tel:_____________________. Tel:______________________.
Fax: __________________. Fax: _____________________.
Authorized representative of Licensee ______________________________.
Authorized representative of Licensor ______________________________.
律师法律意见书英文版
Sample Attorney Opinion Letter
Date
(Name of Client)
President
*** Co., Ltd
City, State, ZIP code
Re: Opinion Letter Regarding (name of employee, e.g., fictitious ** **)
Dear (Name):
After our initial meeting, I reviewed the papers you sent me regarding the ** **matter. As I understand the situation, Ms.** signed a written employment
agreement with your company. The agreement stated that in the event of
termination or resignation from her job as your sales associate, Ms. ** would
not call upon or sell goods to any of your customers for a period of one year.
You have asked me to advise you about your rights, the chance of success, the
amount of damages that may be recoverable, the costs involved, and my ability to
represent you in this matter.
RIGHTS OF *** AGAINST MS. **
When Ms. ** signed a written contract with your company, she agreed not to call
upon any of your customers for a period of one year. This is called a
restrictive covenant. To enforce your covenant against Ms.**, you must bring
an action against her and prove your case. You have a choice of forums in which
to bring the action: federal district court or a state court. Since it is easier
to obtain an injunction (an action to immediately stop her from selling to your
customers) in a state court rather than a federal court, I would suggest the
state court.
I must advise you that injunctions are largely discretionary with the court, and
there are several factors here that might lead it not to grant one on your
behalf. Since you waited eight months before threatening to sue Ms. **, my
guess is that you have about a twenty percent (20%) chance of obtaining an
injunction.
RIGHTS TO AND AMOUNT OF DAMAGES
Your chances of obtaining money damages against Ms. **are much greater than
your chances for an injunction. From our discussion and the facts and evidence
suggested in your papers, it appears that the amount of recoverable damages
would be measured by the profits you have lost since the time Ms. ** began
selling competitive products to your customers.
It should be understood that if we win our case, however, Ms.** may not
voluntarily pay the judgment. Thus, it may be necessary to enforce the judgment
by having a sheriff or marshall seize and sell assets not exempt from execution.
However, if Ms. ** does not own assets, such as real estate, money in bank
accounts, stocks, etc., but owns only personal items exempt from execution under
the laws of our state, then any judgment you obtain may not be worth much.
NEGATIVES TO LAWSUIT
Besides the fact that you may lose a lawsuit against Ms. ** or that any
judgment obtained may be uncollectible, there are other negative factors you
should consider before bringing a lawsuit. These include court costs and
attorney fees. Court costs are recoverable, but other costs, such as travel, the
time lost when you are called to testify (or required to help us develop the
case), and attorney fees, are not recoverable.
MY SERVICES
I am familiar with the nature of your manufacturing business and am qualified to
represent you in this matter if you choose to proceed. My fee would be based on
my normal hourly charge of $250 for myself and $150 for associates. Trial time
is billed at $1,000 per day. The initial services of preparing a complaint and
serving same would cost approximately $300. Preparing a request for an
injunction and attending a hearing on the injunction would cost approximately
$2,500.
It is quite possible that Ms. ** would not retain her own counsel and not
answer the complaint. This means that a default judgment could be taken without
the necessity of a trial. Here attorney fees would probably amount to no more
than $1,000.
I require a $1,000 retainer to open a file and commence an action.
If you wish to proceed with this matter, I will need to know the full names and
addresses of your customers to whom Ms. ** is presently selling and the
estimated sales volume which you have lost.
If you have any questions, please call me.
Very truly yours,
Name of Attorney
民事起诉书
原告：姓名、性别、出生年月、民族、文化程度、工作单位、职业、住址。
（原告如为单位，应写明单位名称、法定代表人姓名及职务、单位地址）
被告：姓名、性别、出生年月、民族、文化程度、工作单位、职业、住址。
（被告如为单位，应写明单位名称、法定代表人姓名及职务、单位地址）
案由：
请求事项：（写明向法院起诉所要达到的目的）
1.
2.
事实和理由：（写明起诉或提出主张的事实依据和法律依据，包括证据情况和 证人姓名及联系地址）
此致 ______人民法院
原告：（签名或盖章）
委托代理人：
__年__月___日
附：一、本诉状副本 份（按被告人数确定份数）； 二、证据 份；
三、其他材料 份。
注：（１）、诉状用钢笔或毛笔写。
（２）、“当事人”栏，均应写明姓名、性别、出生年月日、民族、籍贯、职业或工作单位和职务、住址等项。对被告人的出生年月日确实不知的，可写明其年龄。
（３）、“案由和诉讼请求”栏，应写明控告的罪名和具体的诉讼要求。
（４）、“事实与理由”部分的空格不够用时，可增加中页。
（５）、诉状副本份数，应按被告人的人数提交。
To:________________ People’s Court
Plaintiff:
Domicile:
Legal Representative:
Position:
Defendant:
Domicile:
Legal Representative:
Position:
CLAIMS:
1. To order the Defendant to pay to the Plaintiff the due amount of RMB _____ for the dispatched products, plus the interests of RMB ________ thereon, in the aggregate of RMB __________;
2.To order the court fees to be borne by the Defendant.
FACTS AND REASONS:
The Defendant was one of the distributors of the Plaintiff for various kinds of products in the territory of ___________, China. From September, 1997 to October, 1998, the Plaintiff dispatched various kinds of products in the aggregate values of RMB ____________. (see Exhibit I)
Each of the said transactions was duly signed and received by the Defendant (see Exhibit II). Though the Plaintiff has repeatedly demanded payment, the Defendant fails to liquidate the outstanding debts in due time.
It is the Plaintiff’s position that the indebtedness arising out of the transactions between the Plaintiff and the Defendant shall be under the jurisdiction of the Chinas laws. The Defendant’s refusal to satisfy the agreed amounts after receipt of the above-mentioned lubricants resulted in tremendous economic losses on the side of the Plaintiff (see Exhibit III). Therefore, pursuant to the relevant PRC laws and regulations, the Defendant shall assume the civil liabilities accordingly for such nonpayment.
By reason of the forgoing, in accordance with Articles 106 and 112 as set forth in the PRC General Civil Law, Article 108 as set forth in the PRC Civil Procedural Law and other applicable laws and regulations, the Plaintiff hereby files this case with the Court for your adjudication.
Plaintiff:
Date:
ATTACHMENTS:
1. One copy of the Plaintiff’s business license;
2. One copy of the original Certificate of the Legal Representative;
3. One copy of the original Power of Attorney;
4. Exhibit I: Invoices for each transaction;
5. Exhibit II: Receipts for each transaction; and
6. Exhibit III: List of Losses.
民事诉讼答辩状
ANSWER TO COMPLAINT
答辩人：××人民医院
住址：××市××路七号
Respondent: ××× People’s Hospital
Address: No 7, ××Road, ×× City
因×××要求×××人民医院人身损害赔偿一案，现提出答辩意见如下：
The following answer is hereby given to the claim of ××× for compensation by the ××× People’s Hospital for personal injuries:
1．答辩人与×××之间不存在直接的合同关系，答辩人1998年6月10日与××第二建筑安装工程公司订立了一份口头合同，由××第二建筑安装工程公司负责把答辩人的一个高压电表柜拆除，×××是受××第二建筑安装工程公司的委托来拆除高压电表柜的，与答辩人之间不存在直接合同关系。
1. The respondent does not have a direct contractual relationship with ×××. The respondent entered into an oral contract with ×× No 2 Construction and Installation Company on June 10, 1998, whereby ×× No 2 Construction and Installation Company shall be responsible for removing the high-voltage meter cabinet. ××× was engaged in removing the high-voltage meter cabinet as entrusted by ×× No 2 Construction and Installation Company and therefore has no direct contractual relationship with the respondent.
2．××的伤害赔偿应由××二建筑安装工程公司负责，其一，根据我国法律和有关司法解释规定，××第二建筑安装工程公司对其职工在履行合同的范围内所受到伤害应负责任，× ××的伤害并不是由于合同客体以外的事物造成的。其三，受××第二建筑安装工程公司委 托的×××在拆除高压电表柜的过程中，存在着严重违反操作程序的行为，未尽一个电工应尽的注意。
2. The liabilities for compensating ×× for the damage shall be born by ×× No 2 Construction and Installation Company for the following reasons. Firstly, pursuant to PRC laws and relevant judicial interpretations, ×× No 2 Construction and Installation Company shall be liable for any injuries suffered by its employees to the extent of the contract performance. The injuries of ××× was not caused by anything other than the object of the contract. Thirdly, ×××, who was entrusted by ×× No 2 Construction and Installation Company, seriously violated the operational procedure in removing the high-voltage meter cabinet and failed to pay due attention thereto.
3．答辩人对×××伤害赔偿不应承担责任。根据我国《民法通则》的规定，从事高度危险作业的人致他人损害的，应负赔偿责任。而本案中答辩人与××第二建筑安装工程公司订有合同，高度危险来源已通过合同合法地转移给 ××第二建筑安装工程公司。××第二建筑安装工程公司成为该危险作业物的主体，××在操作过程中受到伤害，这是××第二建筑安装工程公司在履行合同过程中，合同客体造成自己员工的伤害行为，与答辩人无关。
3. The respondent shall not be liable for compensating the injuries of ×××. In accordance with the General Principles of the Civil Law, any person engaged in highly dangerous operation shall be liable for compensation in the event of any damages. In this case, however, the respondent entered into a contract with ×× No 2 Construction and Installation Company, whereby the source of high danger shifted to ×× No 2 Construction and Installation Company legitimately. ×× No 2 Construction and Installation Company became the subject of the dangerous operation, and therefore any damages caused in the contract performance by ×× No 2 Construction and Installation Company has no connection with the respondent.
综上所述，×××人民医院为不适合被告，请贵院依法驳回原告起诉。
By reason of the foregoing, ××× People’s Court is not legible for becoming the defendant. We hereby request the court to reject the plaintiff’s action according to law.
此致
××市中级人民法院
To:
×× City Intermediate People’s Court
答辩人：×××人民医院
Respondent: ××× People’s Court
日期：
Date:
上诉状格式
APPEAL
上诉人（一审被告）：[ ]贸易有限公司，住所地[ ]。
法定代表人：苏庆国，公司经理。
The Appellant (The defendant in the first instance):
被上诉人（一审原告）：[ ]工程总公司第一工程公司，住所地[ ]。
法定代表人：柴跃进，公司经理。
The Appellee (The plaintiff in the first instance):
上诉人因租赁合同一案，不服太原铁路运输法院（2001）太铁经初字第6号《民事判决书》，现依法提起上诉。
The Appellant declines to accept the Civil Judgment with a number of (2001) Tai-Tie-Jing-Chu-Zi No 6 passed by Taiyuan Railway Transportation Court, in respect of the lease contract case, and hereby files the appeal according to law.
上诉请求：
APPEAL
1.撤销太原铁路运输法院（2001）太铁经初字第6号《民事判决书》。
2.依法认定、改判1998年5月14日上诉人与被上诉人签订的房屋租赁合同有效。
3.被上诉人承担违约责任，并履行98年合同义务后，同意解除合同。
上诉事实和理由：
APPELATE FACTS AND REASONS:
首先，上诉人对本案的基本和主导观点：
Firstly, the Appellant’s basic and leading opinions about the case follow:
上诉人认为，根据《合同法》倡导的当事人意思高度自治和契约自由的理念，以及目前司法实践中的主流执法观念，上诉人与被上诉人之间共存在三份合同，均应认定为有效合同。该三份合同的主体、标的物、价款基本一致。
The Appellant maintains that in accordance with the mentalities of highly autonomous expression of intentions and contract freedom called for in the Contract Law, as well as the mainstream law-enforcing mentalities in judicial practice at present, there exist three contracts between the Appellant and the Appellee, which shall be deemed to be valid. The subjects, matters and considerations involved in the three contracts are basically identical.
一、一审法院认定1998年5月14日上诉人与被上诉人签订的房屋租赁合同为无效合同，与法无据。
I. The first-instance court ascertained that the house lease contract executed between the Appellant and the Appellee on May 14, 1998 was invalid. This ruling is not law-based.
二、法院以被上诉人已履行了合同大部分义务，上诉人在双方订立合同时已在使用租赁房屋为由认定上诉人先履行抗辩权不能成立，这明显违反了《合同法》有关先履行抗辩权的规定。
II. The court ascertained that the Appellant’s exercise of the right to avoid performing the contract as a defense against the Appellee’s breach by reason that the Appellee has performed a majority of the contractual obligations and the Appellant was using the lease house when the parties entered into the contract. This ruling is in material violation of the provision of the Contract Law in respect of the defensive refusal to perform the contract.
其次，上诉人基于并不完全认可的一审法院判决的几点抗辩观点：
Secondly, the following are some defensive opinions of the Appellant based on the first-instance judgment which cannot be fully accepted.
一、一审法院以2001年后，上诉人与被上诉人之间存在事实租赁关系为由，判决上诉人比照2000年合同的租金标准承担租金，与法无据。
I. The ruling of the first-instance court ordering the Appellant to pay the rental according to the rental standard prescribed in the contract of 2000 by reason that the Appellant was in an actual lease relationship with the Appellee subsequent to 2001 is not law-based.
二、一审法院对被上诉人未履约的13平米问题的判决，存在明显的执法错误。
II. The first-instance judgment on the 13 square meters in respect of which the Appellant failed perform the contract is explicitly wrong in law implementation.
三、鉴于一审法院孤立执法（只处理2000年合同）的情况，则上诉人在2000年度以后已经给付的租金就不止贰万元。
III. Given the isolated law execution by the first-instance court (i.e. it only considered the contract of 2000), the Appellant has paid more than RMB20,000 in rental following 2000.
四、即便按照在一审法院只处理2000年合同的情形下，对有关装潢不予补偿，亦不公平。
IV. Even under the circumstance of only handling the contract of 2000 by the first-instance court, no compensation has been given to decoration, which is unfair either.
综上所述，上诉人认为，上诉人与被上诉人之间共存在三份合同。被上诉人和一审法院对该三份合同在明知和已经查明的情况下，却有意割裂当事人之间的完整民事法律关系。从而造成一审判决存在片面、孤立执法（如只处理2000年合同），加重当事人的讼累。以及一审判决存在执法尺度、执法理念的不统一、不协调（如对13平米未追究违约责任）。还有一审判决存在越权司法、违法裁量（如处理2001年房租）的等等问题。为此，上诉人恳请二审法院，能在基于依法查明本案全部事实的基础上，均衡执法，做出公正的裁判！
In view of the foregoing, the Appellant maintains that there have existed three contracts between the Appellant and the Appellee. The Appellee and the first-instance court has intentionally isolated the complete set of civil juristic relationships between the parties, thereby leading to one-sided judgment in the first instance and adding burden to the parties’ litigation efforts. Meanwhile, the criteria for law-enforcement were unbalanced and unharmonious in the first instance, coupled with other problems including entitled law application and illegal ruling. Therefore, the Appellant requests second-instance court to make a fair judgment on the basis of ascertaining all facts of this case.
此致
北京铁路运输中级法院
To:
Beijing Railway Transportation Intermediate Court
上诉人：[ ]贸易有限公司
The Appellant: [ ] Trade Co., Ltd
二00 年 月 日
Date:
附：本上诉状副本二份
Attachment: two copies of the appeal
仲裁申请书
APPLICATION FOR ARBITRATION
申诉人：MM公司 The Plaintiff: M. M. Corp.
地址： Address:
被诉人：VV有限公司 The Defendant: V. V. Co., Ltd.
地址： Address:
（一）事实依据：
I. Statement of Facts:
申诉人MM公司和被诉人VV有限公司之间的争议的原因在于被诉人没有履行于1992年5月14日缔结的由其提供8,000公吨铝锭的470E和471E号合同义务。
This dispute existing between the Plaintiff, M. M. Corp. and the Defendant, V. V. Co., Ltd was brought about by the Defendant’s failure to commit itself to the contracts 470E and 471E concluded on the 14th of May, 1992 for the supply of 8000 metric tons of Aluminum Ingots.
根据上述两个合同规定，8,000公吨铝锭本应在1992年7月至12月期内从欧洲数个港口全部发出，月装货量按合同具体规定执行。本公司，即申诉人，于1992年6月7日通过中国银行伦敦分行开出了E25520和E25733两张信用证。
According to the stipulations of the said contracts, 8000 metric tons of Aluminum Ingots should have been completely delivered from European ports during a period from July to December, 1992, and each month a quantity specified thereby should have been shipped. This Corporation, the Plaintiff, issued letters of credit E25520 and E25733 on the 7th of June, 1992 through the Bank of China, London.
鉴于上述两个合同分别规定将汉堡、鹿特丹和安特卫普及汉堡和鹿特丹作为各自的发货港，故申诉人曾多次发电传给被诉人，要求其将发货港的具体名称及准备发货的时间告知申诉人，以便本公司派船。然而，被诉人对申诉人的电传却采取躲避态度，一直不予答复。
As these two contracts stipulate Hamburg/Rotterdam/Antwerp and Hamburg/Rotterdam respectively for the port of loading, the Plaintiff had therefore sent faxes on many occasions to the Defendant, asking them to advise the Plaintiff of the exact name of this Corporation to send vessels. But, the Defendant had failed to reply to those faxes dispatched by the Plaintiff by taking an evasive attitude.
直到申诉人电传和写信一再催促，并经我方驻某某城商务代表处协助洽商，被诉人才于1992年11月26日通过我方驻某某城商务代理处递交给申诉人一封信函，通知申诉人新的装货安排。按照这个新的装运安排，8,000公吨铝锭须在1993年1月6日期间内才能全部发出。
It was not until the Plaintiff sent faxes and letters time and again to urge on and with the help of our Commercial Office in [ ] city to negotiate with the Defendant, that the Defendant finally forwarded a letter on the 26th November, 1992 to the Plaintiff through our Commercial Office in [ ] city, informing the Plaintiff to the new arrangement for shipment. As being indicated by this new arrangement for shipment, the delivery of 8000 metric tons of Aluminum Ingots would have to be completed within a period from January to June, 1993.
尽管被诉人不按合同所规定的时间履行交货义务已使申诉人损失惨重，但申诉人仍接受了由被诉人提供的新的装货安排。然而，被诉人却违背允诺，再次拒不履行由自己提出的新的装货安排，致使本公司蒙受了更大的损失。
In spite of suffering significant losses caused by the Defendant’s failure to fulfill its contractual obligation, the Plaintiff still accepted the New arrangement for shipment presented by the Defendant. Whereas the Defendants had neither kept its original promise nor committed itself again to the subsequent arrangement for shipment put forward by itself, thus bringing even greater losses to the Plaintiff.
尽管如此，为让被诉人具有最后一次履行允诺以执行合同的机会，申诉人于1994年11月16日通过一名英国律师[ ]先生向被诉人转交了一封信函，说明准许被诉人在收到该信函起的45天之内履行其提交合同所规定货物的义务，如被诉人不履行义务，申诉人将依据上述两合同第16条的规定，正式将该争议提交对外贸易仲裁委员会仲裁，要求被诉人赔偿本公司遭受的一切损失。
Nevertheless, in order to enable the Defendant to meet its contractual obligation ultimately, the Plaintiff passed a letter on the 16th of November, 1994, through a British lawyer named Mr. [ ] to the Defendant, stating that the Defendant was permitted to meet its obligation to deliver the contracted goods within 45 days from the date it received the said letter, and that if the Defendant failed to do so, the Plaintiff would, according to the provision of Clause No. 16 of the contracts, formally submit the dispute to the F. T. Arbitration Commission for arbitration, asking the Defendant to compensate for all the losses sustained by this Corporation.
被诉人收到我信函的日期为1994年11月28日。45天期限截止之日为1995年1月12日，该期限如今已过，但被诉人根本没有履行其合同义务，也没有提出任何解决该争议的建议。他们甚至还在1995年2月7日写信无理指责申诉人在原信用证过期后没有开具新证，并由此说其不再具有其承诺提交合同所规定的铝锭的责任。
The date on which the Defendant received our letter was the 28th of November, 1994. The deadline of the 45 days period was on the 12th January, 1995, which has now passed, but the Defendant has done nothing at all to meet its contractual obligation, nor has it produced any proposal for the settlement of this dispute. It has even gone so far as to make a false charge through a letter dated the 7th of February, 1995, against the Plaintiff with failure to open a new letter of credit after its expiry, and has therefore assumed no responsibility whatsoever for its commitment to delivery for Aluminum Ingots concluded.
该争议的真实情况是：在收到被诉人1992年11月26日提供的新的装货安排之后，申诉人曾多次用传真和信函催促被诉人通知我方装货港的具体名称及货物已备好待运，但被诉人却对我方的电传和信件拒不答复，且拒绝承担合同义务，致使我方无法履行派船手续和提供合法信用证。显而易见，违约责任应完全由被诉方自己承担。我方现正式向对外贸易仲裁委员会提出申请，要求对本争议进行仲裁。
The true nature of this dispute is evident in the following fact: After the receipt of the new arrangement for shipment presented by the Defendant on the 26th of November, 1992, the Plaintiff sent many faxes and letters requesting the Defendant to inform the Plaintiff of the exact name of port of loading and the Advice of Goods ready for shipment, while the Defendant gave no answer at all to the Plaintiff’ faxes and letters and refused to meet its obligations under the contracts entered into, thus making it impossible for the Plaintiff to proceed with the procedures of sending vessels and extending the validity of letters of credit. Obviously, the liability for the non-execution of the contracts rests entirely with none other than the Defendant itself. The Plaintiff is therefore applying formally to the F. T. Arbitration Commission for arbitration of this dispute.
申诉人提出总金额为748,000英镑的索赔主张。
The claimed amount called for by the Plaintiff comes totally to ￡748,000.
（二）索赔理由：
6,000公吨纯度为99.5%的铝锭，根据470E号合同，其价格为每吨152英镑，而当时（1993年6月29日）的市场通价为每公吨243至248英镑，价差为每公吨93.50英镑，6,000公吨铝锭的总价差为561,000英镑。
6,000 metric tons of Aluminum Ingots of 99.5% purity, under contract 470E, were priced at ￡152 per metric ton. The market price prevailing at that time (the 29th of June, 1993) ranged from ￡243 to ￡248 per metric ton. The Price difference per metric ton is ￡93.50, giving a total difference of ￡561,000 for 6,000 metric tons.
另有2,000公吨纯度为99.7%的铝锭，按471E号合同的规定，价格为每吨154英镑，当时（1993年6月29日）的市场通价为每公吨245至250英镑，价差为每公吨93.50英镑，故2,000公吨铝锭的总价差便为187,000英镑。
Another 2000 metric tons of 99.7% purity Aluminum Ingots, under contract 471E were priced at ￡154 per metric ton. The market price on the 29th of June 1993, was between ￡245 and ￡250 per metric ton. The price difference per metric ton indicates ￡93.50, resulting in a total difference of ￡187,000 for 2000 metric tons.
上述两个合同规定的8,000公吨铝锭的总价差为784,000英镑（即561,000英镑加187,000英镑）。
The above-mentioned two contracts aggregate a sum of ￡748,000 (=￡561,000+￡187,000) for the price difference of totally 8000 metric tons of Aluminum Ingots.
申诉人在此除要求被诉人赔偿因违约而造成的总额为748,000（七十四万八千）英镑的损失之外，还要求负担此次的全部仲裁费用。
The Plaintiff hereby requests that it be compensated by the Defendant not only with an amount of losses totaling ￡748,000 (in Pound Sterling of Seven hundred and Forty Eight Thousands) caused by the Defendant’s failure to execute the contracts concluded, but also with all costs arising from this arbitration.
随仲裁申请书附上3,740（三千七百四十）英镑，折合人民币15,729（一万五千七百二十九）元，用作仲裁费，预付《对外贸易仲裁委员会规则》第6条所规定之费用。
Enclosed ￡3,740 for filing fees (in Pound Sterling of Three Thousand Seven Hundred and Forty), equivalent to the Chinese currency RMB15,729 (Fifteen Thousand Seven Hundred and Twenty Nine Yuan), paid in advance in compensation for the costs of arbitration in accordance with Clause 6 of the F. T. Arbitration Commission.
附件：委托指定仲裁员声明书
Enclosure: Statement of Appointing Arbitrator
申诉人：MM公司
M. M. Corp.
1995年5月20日
May 20, 1995
Reply
