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高考语法 主谓一致
牛涛
I. 考情动态分析
五种简单句型是英语表达的基础，理解并熟练运用这些句型是用好英语的关键。在全国卷及地方卷单项填空中每年都以灵活多变的形式出现。根据英语语言特点，简单句的考查今后仍是热点，其中祈使句+and/or+主句及反意疑问句是考查的重点。相比较而言，主谓一致在短文改错和书面表达等题型中，对隐性，显性的考查仍会有所表现，所以对其仍不可忽视。
II. 高考题型分析
1. 祈使句的考查
（2006全国）Mary,___here—everybody else,stay where you
are.
A.
come B.
comes C. to
come D. coming
Key:A
解析：祈使句用法：动词原形+（宾语）+其他。
（2006 全国）We forgot to bring our ticket,bur please let us
enter,___?
A. do
you B. can
we C. will
you D. shall we
Key:C
解析：本题考查特殊句型反意疑问句的用法，祈使句的反意疑问句是will
you?；注意：let's与let us 的区别,如果本题改为Let's
enter the room,答案为：shall we?
2. 一些特殊的主谓一致
(2005 山东)With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of
good earth ___each year.
A. is washing
away
B. is being washed away
C. are washing
away D. are
being washed away
Key:D
解析：quantities
of+不可数名词或可数名词复数，谓语动词都用复数。
(2006 浙江)The company had about 20 notebook computers but only
one-third ___used regularly. Now we have 60 working all day
long.
A.
is B.
are C.
was D.
were
Key: D
解析：分数，百分数做主语，要分清楚他指代的内容是单数还是复数，单数用单数谓语；否则用复数。
解题方法：平常要多积累一些固定的语法知识，比如：clothes,
trousers, glasses等名词做主语用复数，但用a pair
of等短语修饰时，用单数。
3. 定语从句中主谓一致的考查
(2005 江苏连云港)John, together with some of American soldiers
who ___sent to Iraq, ___killed in a bomb explosion.
A. were;
were B. was;
was C. were;
was D. was;
were
Key: C
解析：定语从句中所修饰的先行词是复数名词，所以从句中的谓语用复数；而主句的谓语应该和John一致，用单数。
解题方法：定语从句中谓语动词的形式一般和先行词的单复数一致。注意：在“one
of
+名词复数+定语从句”结构中，定语从句谓语动词一般用复数，但one前有the
,the very, the right, the
only或形容词最高级修饰时，定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式。
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