实用高中英语短语与句型词典34

实用高中英语短语与句型词典

 

put

1. put away

(1) 收拾。如：

Put your books away. 把书收起来。

(2) 放弃，打消。如：

I asked him to put away such foolish ideas. 我叫他放弃这种愚蠢的想法。

(3) 存蓄。如：

It is wise to have some money put away for old age. 存一些钱到年老时用是明智之举。

2. put down

(1) 放下，写下，记下，使下车。如：

He put down his book and stood up. 他放下书站了起来。

Put me down at the next stop. 让我在下一站下车。

Let me put down your telephone number. 让我记下你的电话号码。

Everything he said was put down at once. 他说的话马上被记下来。

(4) 镇压，击败，贬低。如：

No one could put down the movement. 没有人能把这次运动镇压下去。

She really put him down when she called him lazy. 当她说他懒惰时，她确实把他贬低了。

3. put off

(1) 推迟，延期。如：

We decided to put off our holiday to [till, until] next month. 我们决定把假期推迟到下个月。

Never put off till tomorrow what may be done today. 今日事，今日毕。

注：后接动词时，要用动名词。如：

We decided to put off leaving. 我们决定推迟动身。

(2) 推脱，搪塞。如：

I put him off with a promise to pay him next week. 我搪塞他一下，答应下周还他钱。

I won’t be put off with such weak excuses. 我是不会被这样一些站不住脚的借口敷衍过去的。

(3) 使不高兴。如：

What he said put her off. 他说的话使她不高兴。

His bad manners put all of us off. 他的恶劣态度使我们大家都很反感。

4. put on

(1) 穿，戴。如：

What dress shall I put on for the party? 我穿什么衣去参加晚会呢?

He put on his glasses to read the letter. 他戴上眼镜读信。

(2) 上演，装(样子)。如：

They’re going to put on the play next week. 他们计划下周上演这出戏。

The man put on a smile. 这个人装出一副笑脸。

(3) 开(电、灯等)。如：

Put on the light. 把灯打开吧。

Let’s put on the radio and listen to the news. 我们打开收音机听听新闻吧。

(4) 增加。如：

She put on weight recently. 她最近体重增加了。

5. put out

(1) 扑灭，使熄灭。如：

He put out the light and went out. 他关了灯就出去了。

(2) 生产。如：

We put out 200,000 tons of steel every year. 我们每年生产200000吨钢材。

(3) 公布，发表，出版。如：

The government will put out a new statement next week. 政府下星期将发表一项新的声明。

(3) 打扰，使不高兴。如：

Will it put you out if bring another guest? 要是我再带来另一位客人，这可以吗?

注：这样的 put out 常用过去分词作表语。如：

He is very put out. 他很不高兴。

He feels rather put out about it. 他对这件事很不高兴。

5. put up

(1) 举起，架起，撑起。如：

Put up your hand if you have any questions. 有问题请举手。

She put up her umbrella and walked out. 她撑起伞走了出去。

(2) 盖起，修建。如：

They are putting up several new houses on our street. 他们要在我们这条街上建几幢新房子。

(2) 张贴，挂。如：

We’d better put up a notice about it. 关于这事我们最好出一个通知。

(3) 住宿，留宿。如：

We put up at a small hotel just on the edge of the town. 我们就在镇口上一家小旅馆住下。

灌溉用水。

注：该句型中的介词 for 有时也可用介词 to 代之， 但不如用介词 for 普通。

2. provide sb with sth 为某人提供某物。如：

Sheep provides us with wool. 羊为我们提供羊毛。

The villagers provided the soldiers with food. 村民们为士兵们提供食物。

These letters should provide us with all the information we need. 这些书应该会提供给我们所需要的信息。

注：该句型中的介词 with 有时也可省略(即 provide 后接双宾语)，但以不省略为普通。

 

Q

quality

1. (be) of good (bad) quality 质量好(不好)。如：

The goods are of bad (poor) quality. 这批货质量很差。

We want some tea of good (high) quality. 我们想要些优质茶叶。

2. in quality 在质量方面。如：

They differ much in quality. 他们在质量方面有很大差别。

There have been great improvements in quality. 质量方面已有很大改进。

 

quantity

1. a quantity of 一些，一批。如：

We need a quantity of baskets. 我们需要一批篮子。

He put a small quantity of sugar in the milk. 他在牛奶中放了少量的糖。

2. in quantity

(1) 在数量方面。如：

These goods are greater in quantity than in quality. 这些货数量多，质量一般。

(2) 大量地，大批地。如：

The book is printed in quantity. 这书印数很大。

It is much cheaper if you buy it in quantity. 如果你大批量购买会便宜得多。

注：用于此义时也可说成 in (large) quantities。如：

They buy food in (large) quantities. 他们大量购买食物。

3. quantities of 许多，大量。如：

Quantities of books were on the desk. 在桌上有很多书。

They gave him large quantities of food. 他们给了他大量食物。

 

quarrel

1. quarrel with sb / have a quarrel with sb 与某人争吵。如：

He quarreled with his wife. / He had a quarrel with his wife. 他与他妻子吵架了。

2. quarrel about [over] sth / have a quarrel about [over] sth为某事而争吵。如：

They often quarrel about [over] trifles. 他们经常为小事争吵。

They had a quarrel about[over] the division of the money. 他们为了分钱的事吵了起来。

 

question

1. It’s a question of sth 问题在于……。如：

It is not a question of money. 这不是个钱的问题。

When they will marry----it’s a question of time. 他们什么时候结婚，那是个时间问题。

2. out of the question 不可能，不值得考虑的。如：

What you say is out of the question. 你说的那事是不可能办到的。

Missing school to watch the football match is out of the question. 为看足球比赛而旷课，那可不行。

比较：out of question(毫无疑问)，但该短语在现代英语中已不常见。如：

He is out of question the greatest poet in the world. 毫无疑问他是世界上最伟大的诗人。

3. There is no question about……是毫无疑问的。如：

There’s no question about his success. 毫无疑问他会成功。

There’s no question about his honesty. 毫无疑问他是诚实的。

4. There is no question of doing sth……是不可能的。如：

There is no question of his coming. 他不可能会来。

There is no question of our arriving on time. 我们不可能准时赶到。

 

quick

1. be quick at (doing) sth 做某事很快。如：

He is quick at arithmetic. 他在算术方面学得快。

He’s quick at learning foreign languages. 他外语学得快。

 

2. be quick in sth 做某事很快(很迅速)。如：

He is quick in his decisions. 他决定得太快。

The boy is quick in action (speech, answering questions). 这男孩行动(讲话，回答问题)很迅速。

3. be quick to do sth 易于做某事。如：

He is quick to learn. 他学得很快(即一学即会)。

He was quick to notice the mistake. 他很快注意到了这个错误。

注：该句型中的动词通常是表示情感和智力方面的词语，用于其它方面动词的情形很少，比如“干活快”一般不说成 be quick to work。

 

 

R

radio

1. by radio 通过无线电。如：

He sent a message by radio. 他拍发了无线电报。

The police are talking to each other by radio. 警察在通过无线电谈话。

2. on [over] the radio 从无线电广播中。如：

He decided to speak on the radio. 他决定发表广播讲话。

He heard the news on [over] the radio. 他从无线电广播中听到这个消息。

 

rather

1. rather too 太……。如：

It’s rather too expensive. 这太贵了。

The exercise is rather too difficult. 这练习太难了。

2. would rather 宁愿。如：

We’d rather stay at home. 我们宁愿呆在家里。

I would rather not tell him. 我宁愿不告诉他。

注：would rather 后接动词要用原形；若谈论过去情况，要用动词完成式；若后接从句，从句谓语要用虚拟语气(指现在或将来用过去时，指过去用过去完成时)。如：

I’d rather have left yesterday. 昨天我本来宁愿离开的。

I’d rather you went tomorrow. 我宁愿你明天去。

I’d rather you hadn’t said it. 我真希望你没有这样说过。

3. would rather…than… 宁愿(做)……而不愿(做)……。如：

I’d rather walk than take a bus. 我宁愿走路而不愿乘公共汽车。

He would rather have the small one than (have) the large one. 他宁愿要小的那个，而不愿要大的。

注：would rather 和 than 后均接动词原形。

3. rather than 而不，不是……(而是)，与其……(不如)。如：

He ran rather than walked. 他不是在走而是在跑。

He is a writer rather than a teacher. 与其说他是教师还不如说他是作家。

You are doing this for yourself rather than for me. 你做这件事不是为我而是为你自己。

It was what he meant rather than what he said. 这是他的意思，而不是他说的话。

注：rather than 前后连接的成分应该是平行的；若是连接不定式，需注意：若主句有不定式，则 rather than之后可接不带to 的不定式，也可接带 to 的不定式(较正式)或动词的 -ing形式。如：

I decided to write rather than telephone. 我决定写信而不打电话。

I believe it is important to invest in new machinery rather than to increase [increasing] wages. 我相信在新机器上投资比增加工资更重要。

若 rather than 位于句首，其后的不定式通常不带to(但有时可接 -ing 动词)。如：

Rather than go there by air, I’d take the slowest train. 我宁可乘最慢的火车去也不愿坐飞机去。

Rather than waste [wasting] your time doing it yourself,

why don’t you call in a builder? 你为什么宁愿浪费时间自己去干而不去请一个包工的呢?

reach

1. out of (one’s) reach 伸手拿到不到。如：D8

The banana is out the monkey’s reach. 那香蕉伸手拿不到。

Keep the medicine out of the children’s reach. / Keep the medicine out of reach of the children. 把药放在小孩伸手拿不到的地方。

注：有时也用 beyond (one’s) reach。如：

The shelf is so high it’s well out of [beyond] my reach. 架子太高，我根本够不着。

比较 within (one’s) reach 伸手能拿到的地方。如：

I often have a dictionary within reach. 我通常把词典放在伸手能拿到的地方。

2. reach out (for) 伸手(拿)。如：

He reached out and took the book. 他伸出手拿起了书。

He reached out for the book. / He reached out his hand for the book. 他伸手去拿那本书。

3. reach sb sth / reach sth for sb 把某物递给某人。如：

Please reach me the book. / Please reach the book for me. 请把那本书递给我。

Can you reach me my slippers? / Can you reach my slippers for me? 请把我的拖鞋递给我好吗?

 

ready

1. be ready for sth 为某事作好准备。如：

Are you ready for the journey? 你为旅行准备好了吗?

The troops are ready for anything. 部队已做好任何准备。

2. be ready to do sth

(1) 愿意做某事。如：

She is always ready to help. 她总是很意愿帮忙。

If I have made any mistake, I’m ready to apologize. 要是我搞错了，我愿意道歉。

(2) 准备好做某事。如：

We’re ready to start work. 我们已准备开始工作了。

I’ll be ready to leave in five minutes. 我五分钟后就可以走。

注：当句子主语为其后不定式的逻辑宾语时，该不定式用主动式或被动式均可。如：

The cake is ready to eat [to be eaten]. 这饼可以吃了。

(3) 简直要做某事，就要发生某事。如：

The girl is ready to cry. 这姑娘似乎要哭了。

The rope is ready to break. 这绳子会要断了。

(4) 太喜欢做某事，动辄就做某事。如：

Don’t be so ready to find fault. 不要动不动就找毛病。

注：这样用时有时可用 be ready with sth。如：

She is too ready to give [with] advice. 她太爱给别人出主意了。

3. get sth ready 将某事准备好。如：

Mother’s getting dinner ready. 母亲正在准备晚餐。

He asked me to get the car ready. 他叫我把车准备好。

4. make ready (for sth) (为某事)作好准备。如：

They made ready for the attack. 他们作好了进攻的准备。

We’ve made ready for his visit. 我们已为他的来访作好了准备。

注：make ready 有时可与 get ready 换用。如：

He’s made [got] ready for departure [to depart]. 他已做好了出发的准备。

 

reality

1. in reality 事实上，实际上。如：

He is in reality rich. 他实际上很有钱。

He looks old, but in reality he is only thirty. 他看上去很老了，但实际上只有30岁。

2. become a reality 变为现实。如：

His dream of becoming a doctor became a reality. 他想当医生的梦想实现了。

 

really

1. not really

(1) 不很。如：

A：Are you busy now? 你现在忙吗?

B：Oh, not really. Why? 哦，不怎么忙，有什么事?

(2) 不会吧，不见得，不会是真的吧。如：

A：He married his cousin. 他同他表妹结了婚。如：

B：Not really. 不会吧。

 

reason

1. by reason of 由于，因为，凭……的理由。如：

He escaped punishment by reason of youth. 他由于年轻，没有受到处罚。

The plan failed by reason of bad organization. 这个计划由于组织不周而失败了。

2. for reasons of 由于……的原因。如：

He can’t come for reasons of health. 由于健康原因他不能来。

注：上句也可说成：

He can’t come for health reasons.

3. the reason why (that)……的原因。如：

That’s the reason why he was dismissed. 那就是他被解雇的原因。

The reason why [that] he died was lack of medical care. 他的死因是缺乏医疗。

注：The reason why……is that……(之所以……是因为……) 当中的 that 在现代英语中也可用 because代之，尽管用有人认为用because 更合适。如：

The reason why I am late is that [because] I missed the bus. 我迟到是因为没赶上公共汽车。

4. there is (a) reason to do sth 有做某事的理由。如：

Is there any reason to go there? 有理由去那儿吗?

There’s reason to believe that he is lying. 有理由相信他是在说谎。(8D)

There’s every reason to help him. 有充分的理由要帮助他。

 

注：以下各句也可说成：

Do you [we] have any reason to go there?

We have reason to believe that he is lying.

We have every reason to help him.

另外，有时也说 have (a) reason for doing sth。如：

He had a good reason for doing so. 他这样做是有充分理由的。

 

recognize

1. recognize sth (sb) as 认出某物(某人)是，承认某物(某人)是。如：

I recognized her as neighbour’s daughter. 我认出她是我邻居的女儿。

She recognized him as the cleverest in the class. 她承认他是班上最聪明的。

注：其中的 as 有时可换成 to be。如：

I recognized her as [to be] a cheat. 我认出她是个骗子。

 

reduce

1. reduce sth by 减少，降低。如：

We reduced the price by 10 percent. 我们把价格降低了百分之十。

She reduced her weight by six kilos. 她的体重减少了六公斤。

2. reduce sth (sb) to

(1) 把某物减少到……。如：

She reduced her weight to 50 kilos. 她的体重减少到了50公斤。

(2) 使某人陷入某种状态，使某人变成。如：

Hunger reduced them to stealing. 饥饿使他们沦落为盗贼。

She was reduced to silence (tears). 她变得哑口无言(哭了起来)。