实用高中英语短语与句型【R】

R

radio

1. byradio通过无线电。如：

He sent a message by radio. 他拍发了无线电报。

The police are talking to each other by radio. 警察在通过无线电谈话。

2. on[over] theradio从无线电广播中。如：

He decided to speak on the radio. 他决定发表广播讲话。

He heard the news on [over] the radio. 他从无线电广播中听到这个消息。

rather

1. rathertoo太……。如：

It’s rather too expensive. 这太贵了。

The exercise is rather too difficult. 这练习太难了。

2. wouldrather宁愿。如：

We’d rather stay at home. 我们宁愿呆在家里。

I would rather not tell him. 我宁愿不告诉他。

注：would rather 后接动词要用原形；若谈论过去情况，要用动词完成式；若后接从句，从句谓语要用虚拟语气(指现在或将来用过去时，指过去用过去完成时)。如：

I’d rather have left yesterday. 昨天我本来宁愿离开的。

I’d rather you went tomorrow. 我宁愿你明天去。

I’d rather you hadn’t said it. 我真希望你没有这样说过。

3. wouldrather…than… 宁愿(做)……而不愿(做)……。如：

I’d rather walk than take a bus. 我宁愿走路而不愿乘公共汽车。

He would rather have the small one than (have) the large one. 他宁愿要小的那个，而不愿要大的。

注：would rather 和 than 后均接动词原形。

3. ratherthan而不，不是……(而是)，与其……(不如)。如：

He ran rather than walked. 他不是在走而是在跑。

He is a writer rather than a teacher. 与其说他是教师还不如说他是作家。

You are doing this for yourself rather than for me. 你做这件事不是为我而是为你自己。

It was what he meant rather than what he said. 这是他的意思，而不是他说的话。

注：rather than 前后连接的成分应该是平行的；若是连接不定式，需注意：若主句有不定式，则 rather than之后可接不带to 的不定式，也可接带 to 的不定式(较正式)或动词的 -ing形式。如：

I decided to write rather than telephone. 我决定写信而不打电话。

I believe it is important to invest in new machinery rather than to increase [increasing] wages. 我相信在新机器上投资比增加工资更重要。

若 rather than 位于句首，其后的不定式通常不带to(但有时可接 -ing 动词)。如：

Rather than go there by air, I’d take the slowest train. 我宁可乘最慢的火车去也不愿坐飞机去。

Rather than waste [wasting] your time doing it yourself,

why don’t you call in a builder? 你为什么宁愿浪费时间自己去干而不去请一个包工的呢?

reach

1. outof(one’s) reach伸手拿到不到。如：D8

The banana is out the monkey’s reach. 那香蕉伸手拿不到。

Keep the medicine out of the children’s reach. / Keep the medicine out of reach of the children. 把药放在小孩伸手拿不到的地方。

注：有时也用 beyond (one’s) reach。如：

The shelf is so high it’s well out of [beyond] my reach. 架子太高，我根本够不着。

比较 within (one’s) reach 伸手能拿到的地方。如：

I often have a dictionary within reach. 我通常把词典放在伸手能拿到的地方。

2. reachout(for) 伸手(拿)。如：

He reached out and took the book. 他伸出手拿起了书。

He reached out for the book. / He reached out his hand for the book. 他伸手去拿那本书。

3. reachsbsth/ reachsthforsb把某物递给某人。如：

Please reach me the book. / Please reach the book for me. 请把那本书递给我。

Can you reach me my slippers? / Can you reach my slippers for me? 请把我的拖鞋递给我好吗?

ready

1. bereadyforsth为某事作好准备。如：

Are you ready for the journey? 你为旅行准备好了吗?

The troops are ready for anything. 部队已做好任何准备。

2. bereadytodosth

(1) 愿意做某事。如：

She is always ready to help. 她总是很意愿帮忙。

If I have made any mistake, I’m ready to apologize. 要是我搞错了，我愿意道歉。

(2) 准备好做某事。如：

We’re ready to start work. 我们已准备开始工作了。

I’ll be ready to leave in five minutes. 我五分钟后就可以走。

注：当句子主语为其后不定式的逻辑宾语时，该不定式用主动式或被动式均可。如：

The cake is ready to eat [to be eaten]. 这饼可以吃了。

(3) 简直要做某事，就要发生某事。如：

The girl is ready to cry. 这姑娘似乎要哭了。

The rope is ready to break. 这绳子会要断了。

(4) 太喜欢做某事，动辄就做某事。如：

Don’t be so ready to find fault. 不要动不动就找毛病。

注：这样用时有时可用 be ready with sth。如：

She is too ready to give [with] advice. 她太爱给别人出主意了。

3. getsthready将某事准备好。如：

Mother’s getting dinner ready. 母亲正在准备晚餐。

He asked me to get the car ready. 他叫我把车准备好。

4. makeready(forsth) (为某事)作好准备。如：

They made ready for the attack. 他们作好了进攻的准备。

We’ve made ready for his visit. 我们已为他的来访作好了准备。

注：make ready 有时可与 get ready 换用。如：

He’s made [got] ready for departure [to depart]. 他已做好了出发的准备。

reality

1. inreality事实上，实际上。如：

He is in reality rich. 他实际上很有钱。

He looks old, but in reality he is only thirty. 他看上去很老了，但实际上只有30岁。

2. becomeareality变为现实。如：

His dream of becoming a doctor became a reality. 他想当医生的梦想实现了。

really

1. notreally

(1) 不很。如：

A：Are you busy now? 你现在忙吗?

B：Oh, not really. Why? 哦，不怎么忙，有什么事?

(2) 不会吧，不见得，不会是真的吧。如：

A：He married his cousin. 他同他表妹结了婚。如：

B：Not really. 不会吧。

reason

1. byreasonof由于，因为，凭……的理由。如：

He escaped punishment by reason of youth. 他由于年轻，没有受到处罚。

The plan failed by reason of bad organization. 这个计划由于组织不周而失败了。

2. forreasonsof由于……的原因。如：

He can’t come for reasons of health. 由于健康原因他不能来。

注：上句也可说成：

He can’t come for health reasons.

3. thereasonwhy(that)……的原因。如：

That’s the reason why he was dismissed. 那就是他被解雇的原因。

The reason why [that] he died was lack of medical care. 他的死因是缺乏医疗。

注：The reason why……is that……(之所以……是因为……) 当中的 that 在现代英语中也可用 because代之，尽管用有人认为用because 更合适。如：

The reason why I am late is that [because] I missed the bus. 我迟到是因为没赶上公共汽车。

4. thereis(a) reasontodosth有做某事的理由。如：

Is there any reason to go there? 有理由去那儿吗?

There’s reason to believe that he is lying. 有理由相信他是在说谎。(8D)

There’s every reason to help him. 有充分的理由要帮助他。

注：以下各句也可说成：

Do you [we] have any reason to go there?

We have reason to believe that he is lying.

We have every reason to help him.

另外，有时也说 have (a) reason for doing sth。如：

He had a good reason for doing so. 他这样做是有充分理由的。

recognize

1. recognizesth(sb) as认出某物(某人)是，承认某物(某人)是。如：

I recognized her as neighbour’s daughter. 我认出她是我邻居的女儿。

She recognized him as the cleverest in the class. 她承认他是班上最聪明的。

注：其中的 as 有时可换成 to be。如：

I recognized her as [to be] a cheat. 我认出她是个骗子。

reduce

1. reducesthby减少，降低。如：

We reduced the price by 10 percent. 我们把价格降低了百分之十。

She reduced her weight by six kilos. 她的体重减少了六公斤。

2. reducesth(sb) to

(1) 把某物减少到……。如：

She reduced her weight to 50 kilos. 她的体重减少到了50公斤。

(2) 使某人陷入某种状态，使某人变成。如：

Hunger reduced them to stealing. 饥饿使他们沦落为盗贼。

She was reduced to silence (tears). 她变得哑口无言(哭了起来)。

refer

1. referto

(1) 提到，谈到。如：

This matter is finished, so please don’t refer to it. 这事已结束了，所以别再提它了。

(2) 意指，指……而言。如：

I don’t know what he refers to. 我不知他指的是什么。

When I said some people are stupid, I wasn’t referring to you. 我说有些人很愚蠢，并不是指你。

(3) 查阅，参考，看。如：

I often refer to a dictionary for the spelling of a word. 我经常翻词典查词的拼法。

You can refer to your notes when you are speaking. 你发言时可以看稿子。

(4) 适用于，与……有关。如：

The regulations refer only to children. 这些规定只适用于小孩。

What I have to say refers to all of you. 我要说的事与你们大家都有关。

2. refersth(sb) to

(1) 把某事归功于……。如：

He referred his wealth to hard work. 他说他是勤劳致富。

(2) 叫某人参考或查询……。如：

The teacher referred me to the dictionary. 老师叫我去查字典。

(3) 把……引向(转给)……。如：

He referred me to the Enquiry Office. 他要我去找问讯处。

The shop referred the complaint (back) to the makers of the article. 商店把顾客批评产品的意见转给厂方。

refuse

1. refusesbsth拒绝给某人某事物。如：

He refused her nothing. 她要什么他就给什么。

He refused me that book. 他拒绝给我那本书。

注：有时可转换成 refuse sth to sb。如：

We refused him admittance. / We refused admittance to him. 我们不让他入场。

2. refusetodosth拒绝(不愿)做某事。如：

He refused to help us. 他拒绝帮助我们。

She refused to tell her age. 她不愿说出她的年龄。

注：有时句子主语可以是事物。如：

The door refused to open. 门老是不开。

refuse 可接不定式，但一般不接不定式的复合结构。如：

误：He refused me to go with him.

正：He refused to let me go with him. 他不让我同他们去。

regard

1. asregards/ with[in] regardto关于，至于。如：

As regards money, I have enough. 至于钱，我有的是。

What have you to say in regard to that subject? 对那个问题你有什么要说的?

2. regard…as把……看作。如：

He regard her as a fool. 他把她当作笨蛋。

He regarded the situation as (being) serious. 他认为形势严重。

We can’t regard the matter as settled. 我们不能认为这事已经解决。

注：该句型中的 as 通常不能省略，也不能改为 to be。

3. regard…with用……看待。如：

They regard the situation with anxiety. 他们为局势担忧。

We regard her behavior with suspicion. 我们对她的行为有怀疑。

4. send[give] sbone’sregards向某人问好。如：

Mother sends his regards to you. 母亲向你问好。

Please give him our (best) regards. 请代我们向他问好。

regret

1. regretdoing[havingdone] sth后悔(遗憾)做了某事。如：

She never regretted doing this. 她从没后悔这样做过。

I regret not coming [having come] earlier. 我后悔没有来早点。

注：regret 后接动名词，表示对已经发生的事表示遗憾， 该动名词可用一般式，也可用完成式，有时还可以用不定式的完成式，但很少见。但是若句中含有具体的过去时间状语， 则用动名词的一般式表示已发生的动作。如：

I regret going there yesterday. 我后悔昨天去了那儿。

2. regrettodosth很遗憾要做某事。如：

I regret to tell you that he can’t come. 很抱歉他不能来。

We regret to say that we can’t accept your kind offer. 很抱歉我们不能接受你的友好提供。

注：其后所接不定式通常是 to say, to tell, to inform 等，此时主语一般是第一人称，且 regret 通常用现在时。

relate

1. berelatedto

(1) 与……有关或有联系。如：

Light industry is closely related to agriculture. 轻工业与所有其它事物相联系。

(2) 与……有亲戚关系。如：

He is related to her father. 他同她父亲有亲戚关系。

2. relateto

(1) 与……有关。如：

This letter relates to the sale of the house. 这封信与卖房有关。

Did this matter relate to what he did last year? 这件事与他去年做的那件事有关系吗?

(2) 与……相处好或适合某情况(多用于否定句)。如：

She doesn’t relate very well to her mother. 她与她母亲关系不是很好。

有时也用介词 with。如：

What he said doesn’t relate with the facts. 他说的话与事实不符合。

remember

1. rememberdoing[havingdone] sth记得做过某事。如：

I remember seeing her somewhere. 我记得在哪里见过她。

Remember paying [having paid] him. 记住已经付给他钱了。

Do you remember me [my] asking you that same question? 你还记得我问过你那同一个问题吗?

注：remember 后接动名词表示记住已经做过或发生过的事，该名词可用一般式，也可用完成式，有时还可用不定式的完成式，但不如用动名词普通。

2. remembertodosth记住要做某事。如：

Remember to come on time. 记住准时来。

He asked me to remember to tell her the new. 他叫我记得告诉她这个消息。

注：remember 后接不定式表示记住去做未做的事。

3. remember…as… 记得是。如：

I remember her as a pretty young girl. 我记得她是一个漂亮的小姑娘。

4. remembersbtosb代某人向某人问好。如：

Please remember me to Mary. 请代我向玛丽问好。

Mother asked to be remembered to you. 母亲要我向你问好。

remind

1. remindsbofsth使某人想起某事，提醒某人某事。如：

She reminds me of her mother. 我见到她便想起了她母亲。

I reminded her of her promise. 我提醒了她答应过的事。

It reminded me of the mistakes I had made before. 这使我想起了我以前犯过的一些错误。

注：表示“提醒”时，有时可连用介词 about。如：

If I forget, please remind me about it. 我要是忘了， 请提醒我。

2. remindsbtodosth提醒某人做某事。如：

He reminded me to read the book. 他提醒我要看看这本书。

The sight of the clock reminded me to leave at once. 一看钟使我想起我得马上走了。

比较 remind sb to do sth 与 remind sb of doing sth：前者意为“提醒某人去做某事”，其中的不定式所表示的动作尚未发生；后者表示“提醒某人或使某人想起已经做过某事”，其中的不定式所表示的动作已经发生。比较:

He reminded me to see the film. 他提醒我去看这部电影。

He reminded me of my seeing the film. 他提醒我说， 我曾看过这部电影。

repeat

1. repeat(sth) aftersb跟着某人说。如：

Repeat the text after me. 跟我读课文。

Repeat after me: good, better, best. 跟我说：好，更好，最好。

2. repeatoneself重说自己的话，重做自己做过的事。如：

Am I repeating myself? 这事我以前说过吗?

History seems to be repeating itself. 历史似乎在重演。

reply

1. replyto回答，答复。如：

Have you replied to his letter? 你给他回信了吗?

Please reply to my question at once. 请马上回答我的问题。

2. inreplyto作为对……的回答(答复)。如：

What did you say in reply to his suggestion? 你是怎样答复他的建议的?

3. makenoreply不作答。如：

I asked him if I could help, but he made no reply. 我问他我是否能帮忙，他没有回答。

report

1. reporttosb向某人报告。如：

We must report to the teacher at once. 我们必须要马上向老师报告。

2. reportsb(sth) tosb将某人(某事)向某人报告(告发)。如：

We’ll report you to the teacher. 我们将向老师告发你。

He reported his discoveries to the professor. 他把自己的发现向教授作了汇报。

3. reportdoingsth报告说做了某事。如：

They reported seeing [having seen] UFOs. 他们报告说他们看见了飞碟。

4. It’sreportedthat……据说……。如：

It’s reported that the driver was seriously injured. 据说司机受了重伤。

注：该句型也可说成：

The driver was reported (to be) seriously injured.

Report has it that the drivers was seriously injured.

Report says that the drivers was seriously injured.

request

1. atone’srequest应某人的请求(要求)。如：

We came at her request. 我们应她的请求而来。

He did it at his wife’s request. 他应妻子的要求做此事。

2. byrequest(ofsb) 应(某人的)请求。如：

Buses stop here by request. 公共汽车招手即停。

I’ll sing this song by request (of Mrs Smith). 我将应(史密斯夫人之)邀演唱这首歌。

3. in(great) request受欢迎的，众人需求的。如：

Such books are in great request. 那样的书非常需要。

These white socks have been much in request lately. 这种白色短袜近来很行俏。

4. requesttodosth要求(请求)做某事。如：

He requested to go alone. 他请求一个人去。

5. requestsbtodosth要求(请求)某人做某事。如：

I request him to help. 我请求他帮忙。

All the students are requested to attended the meeting. 所有学生都要求参加会议。

6. requeststhof[from] sb向某人要求某物。如：

They requested a loan from the bank. 他们要求银行给他们一笔贷款。

All I request of you is that you (should) come earlier. 我对你的唯一要求就是要你来得更早点。

rescue

1. rescuesbfrom把某人从……救出。如：

He managed to rescue him from danger. 他设法把他从危险中救了出来。

She was rescued from a burning building. 她被人从着火的大楼里救了出来。

2. come[go] toone’srescue营救或帮助某人。如：

Then we all went to his rescue. 这时我们都去援救他。

Our car wouldn’t start, but a friend came to our rescue and drove us home. 我们的汽车发动不起来了，一位朋友赶来帮忙，用车把我们送回了家。

research

1. doresearchon[into] 对……进行研究(调查)。如：

They have done a good deal of research on that subject. 他们对这一课题进行了大量的研究。

He’s doing research(es) into the causes of cancer. / He’s doing research(es) on cancer. 他在研究癌症的病因。

注：对人或动物进行研究，通常用介词 on。如：

The scientists are doing research on cats. 科学家们对猫进行研究

2. researchon[into] 对……进行研究(调查)。如：

The professor is researching into Old English poetry. 这位教授在研究古英语诗歌。

The doctors are researching into[on] the effects of cigarette smoking. 医生们在研究吸烟的影响。

注：对人或动物进行研究，通常用介词 on。如：

We’re researching on monkeys. 我们在对猴子进行研究。

resist

1. resistdoingsth反抗做某事，(忍)耐做某事。如：

He resisted being carried off. 他反抗不让带走。

This metal resisted rusting. 这种金属是防锈的。

2. can’tresist(doing) sth

(1) 忍住做某事。如：

He couldn’t resist laughing. 他忍不住笑了。

I can’t resist (making) a joke. 我忍不住要讲个笑话。

(2) 忍不住要吃某东西。如：

I can’t resist a cigarette. 我忍不住要抽支烟。

She can’t resist sweet things. 她看到甜食就想吃。

respect

1. respectoneself自尊，自重。如：

If you don’t respect yourself, how can you expect others to respect you? 自己不自重，又怎能受到别人的尊重呢?

2. have[show] respectfor尊敬……。如：

I have the greatest respect for Jane’s judgment. 我非常尊重简的判断。

Students should show [have] respect for their teachers. 学生要尊敬老师。

3. send[give] sbone’srespects向某人问候。如：

My mother gives [sends] you her respects. / My mother gives

[sends] her respects to you. 我母亲向你问候。

rest

1. have[take] arest休息一会儿。如：

Let’s stop and take [have] a rest. 我们停下来歇会儿吧。

You’re tired. Why don’t you have [take] a rest? 你累了，为什么不休息一会儿呢?

2. therest其余的人(物)，剩下的部分。如：

The rest needs no telling. 其余的就不用说了。

One of the books is written in Chinese, and the rest are

in English. 那些书中有一本是中文的，其余都是英文听。

注：the rest 用作主语时，其谓语要根据它所指的内容，可用单数或复数(见上例)。

result

1. asaresult结果，因此。如：

As a result he had to leave his country. 结果他只好离开自己的国家。

He had some bad fish. As a result, he felt ill. 他吃了些坏鱼，结果感到不舒服。

2. asa[the] resultof由于……的结果。如：

He is unable to go to work as a result of the fall from his horse. 他从马上摔下来，所以不能上班了。

As a [the] result of his hard work, he got a pay rise. 由于他工作勤奋， 所以他加了工资。

3. resultfrom由于……而产生(的结果)。如：

Success results from hard work. 成功来自于努力工作。

The damage resulted from the fire. 这损失由火灾所致。

4. resultin导致……(的结果)，以……而告终。如：

Our efforts resulted in success (failure). 我们的努力终于成功了(以失败而告终)。

Love results in marriage, naturally. 恋爱终归于婚姻(有情人终成眷属)。

return

1. inreturn(for) (作为……的)报答或交换。如：

What can I do in return for your kindness? 我怎样做才能报答你的好意呢?

She gave us food and clothing and asked for nothing in return. 她给我们食物和衣服，并没向我们索取任何回报。

2. on[upon] one’sreturn：回来的时候。如：

On his return he went to see her. 他一回来就去看她。

On his return from work he found her asleep. 他下班回来，发现她睡着了。

3. returnfrom从……回来。如：

He has just returned from Paris. 他刚从巴黎回来。

We’re looking forward to your return from Paris. 我们盼望你从巴黎回来。

比较：He has just returned to Paris. 他刚回到巴黎。

4. returnsbsth/ returnsthtosb把某物还给某人。如：

He didn’t return me the book. / He didn’t return the book to me. 他没有还书给我。

rich

1. berichin盛产……，充满……，有丰富的……。如：

Our country is rich in minerals. 我国矿产丰富。

Oranges are rich in vitamin C. 桔子含有丰富的维生素C。

The city is rich in ancient buildings. 这个城市有很多古老的建筑。

2. richandpoor穷人和富人。如：

Rich and poor celebrate the Spring Festival. 穷人和富人都庆祝春节。

3. richorpoor不管是穷人还是富人。如：

Rich or poor, they are all my friends. 不管是穷人还是富要，他们都是我的朋友。

4. therich富人。如：

The rich should help the poor. 富人应该帮助穷人。

注：the rich 可以有修饰语。如：

You can tell the very rich by their evening dress. 你可以从晚礼服认出那些极有钱的富人。

rid

1. rid……of改掉，摆脱，消灭。如：

You should rid yourself of that bad habit. 你应该要改掉那个坏习惯。

We must try to rid the house of mice. 我们一定要设法把屋里的老鼠消灭掉。

2. beridof消除掉，摆脱掉。如：

He was at last rid of the toothache. 他最后摆脱了牙痛。

She was glad to be rid of him. 她很高兴摆脱了他(的纠缠)。

3. getridof摆脱，除掉，处理掉。如：

It took me a month to get rid of the cough. 拖了一个月我的咳嗽才好。

How can we get rid of the unwelcome visitor? 我们怎样才能把这位不受欢迎的客人呢?

right

1. berighttodosth[indoingsth] 做某事是对的。如：

You’re right to do [of doing] so. 你这样做的是对的。

He was right in selling [to sell] the farm. 他把农庄卖掉是对的。

2. doright做得对，做得有理。如：

You did right to tell me the truth. 你把真相告诉我，这事你做得对。

3. havea[the] righttodo[ofdoing] sth有权做某事。如：

You have the [a] right to keep [of keeping] silent. 你有权保持沉默。

Everyone has the right to live in peace. 每个有都有平静生活的权利。

4. intheright正确，有理。如：

You’re entirely in the right. 你完全正确。

I will not apologize because I am in the right. 我不会道歉，因为我没有错。

5. It’srightof[for] sbtodosth某人做某事是对的。如：

It’s right of you to help her. 你帮助她是对的。

It’s right for you to sell the car. 你把汽车卖掉是对的。

It’s right of [for] you to do so. 你这样做是对的。

注：用介词 of 或 for 的细微差别是：用 of侧重道义方面，而用 for 则侧重动作或行为方面。

6. That’sallright.

(1) 不用谢(回答感谢)。如：

A：Thank you very much. 非常感谢。

B：That’s all right. 不客气。

(2) 没关系(回答道歉)。如：

A：Sorry I’m late. 对不起，我迟到了。

B：It’s all right. 没关系。

ring

1. ringback回电话。如：

John rang, and he wants you to ring him back. 约翰来过电话，他要你给他回电话。

2. ringoff挂断电话。如：

He rang off before I could explain. 我还没来得及解释，他就挂断了电话。

He rang off without giving his name. 他没有告知他的姓名就挂断了电话。

3. ringup打电话(给某人)。如：

I’ll ring up to see if he’s there. 我要打电话看看他是否在那儿。

If I get further information, I will ring you up. 如果我有进一步的消息，我会打电话给你的。

risk

1. atrisk处于危险之中。如：

All of them were at risk. 他们都处于危险中。

My job is at risk. 我的工作保不住了。

2. attheriskof冒着……的危险。如：

We did it at the risk of our lives. 我们冒着生命危险做此事。

He saved me life at the risk of losing his own. 他冒着生命危险救了我的命。

3. run[take] arisk冒险。如：

That’s a risk I’m prepared to take. 那是我愿意冒险做的事。

To succeed in business one must be prepared to take [run]

risks. 要在商场上取得成功，就得准备冒风险。

4. run[take] theriskofdoingsth冒……的危险。如：

You have to take a lot of risks in my job. 干我们这一行，就得冒很多风险。

He’s not willing to run the risk of losing his money. 他不愿冒丧失金钱的风险。

5. risk(doing) sth冒着……的危险，冒险去做某事。如：

I will risk the punishment. 我明知会受处罚也要去做。

We’re willing to risk losing our jobs. 我们愿冒失业的危险。

river

1. ontheriver

(1) 在河上，在河里。如：

Let’s go boating on the river. 我们去河里划船吧。

(2) 在河畔。如：

London is on the River Thames. 伦敦位于泰晤士河岸。

road

1. byroad走公路，坐汽车。如：

It takes three hours by road. 坐汽车要三个小时。

Did you come by road or by rail? 你是坐汽车来的还是坐火车来的?

2. in[on] theroad在路上，在……路。如：

He told the boy not to play in [on] the road. 他叫这个小男孩不要在路上玩。

Mr Smith lives in [on] Marston Road. 史密斯先生住在马斯顿路。

注：介词 in 多见于英国英语，on 多见于美国英语。

rob

1. robsbofsth

(1) 抢劫某人某物。如：

He robbed her of her money. 他抢了她的钱。

They robbed the rich to help the poor. 他们劫富济贫。

注：rob 的宾语有时是地点。如：

They robbed the bank of a lot of money. 他们从银得抢了一大笔钱。

(2) 剥夺某人有权利享用的东西。如：

The cat robbed her of her sleep. 这猫吵得她无法入睡。

They’ve robbed me of my happiness. 他们夺走了我的幸福。

role

1. playarolein在……起作用(扮演角色)。如：

The rail workers played a key role in the struggle. 铁路工人在斗争中起了重要作用。

The U.N. plays an important role in international relations. 联合国在国际关系中扮演重要角色。

2. playone’sroleas尽某人当……的责任。如：

She tried to fulfil her role as a mother. 她尽她做母亲的责任。

3. playtherole(ofsb) 扮演(某人的)角色。如：

He will play the leading role. 他将出演主角。

John played [took, took on] the role of Hamlet. 约翰扮演哈姆雷特的角色。

room

1. There’sroomforsth

(1) 有……的空地(空间)。

There is room for three more. 还能容纳三个人。

I’d like to bring the children if there’s room for them.

注：有时可用 to do sth 代 for sth。如：

There wasn’t really room to lie down comfortably. 没有足够的空间可以舒服地躺下。

(2) 有……的余地。如：

There is much room for improvement. 大有改进的余地。

There’s no room for doubt. 没有怀疑的余地。

3. haveroomfor有……的空间。如：

Have you room for me in your car? 你车里我还坐得进去吗?

His brain has no room for maths. 他没有数学头脑。

3. makeroomfor给……空出场所，给……让路(让坐)。如：

Move along and make room for me. 往前挪一下， 让出点空位给我。

Would you kindly make room for the old lady? 请你给这位老太太让个地方好吗?

3. leaveroomfor

(1) 为……留出空间。如：

Leave room for the big box. 留个地方放这个大箱子。

(2) 为……留有余地。如：

His answer left no room for doubt. 他的回答不容置疑。

rule

1. asarule通常，在通常情况下。如：

As a rule we go to bed at nine. 我们通常九点上床睡觉。

As a rule young people like beer. 一般说来， 年轻人喜欢喝啤酒。

2. byrule按规定，循规蹈矩。如：

He does everything by rule. 他做任何事都循规蹈矩。

3. makeitaruletodosth经常做某事，习惯做某事。如：

He makes it a rule to get up at six. 他通常在六点起床。

She makes it a rule never to borrow money. 她无论如何也不向别人借钱。

注：该句型可有多种同义表达，如上面第一句也可说成：

He makes a rule of getting up at six.

It is his rule to get up at six.

His rule is to get up at six.

It’s a rule with him to get up at six.