初二年级(中)
【知识梳理】
I.
重点短语
1. give a
concert
2. fall
down
3. go on
4. at the end
of
5. go back
6. in
ahurry
7. write
down
8. come
out
9. all the year
round
10. later
on
11. at
times
12. ring sb.
up
13. Happy New
Year!
14. have a
party
15. hold
on
16. hear
from
17. be
ready
18. at the
moment
19. take
out
20.the same
as
21. turn
over
22.
get-together
23. put on
24. take a
seat
25. wait
for
26. get
lost
27. just
then
28. first of
all
29. go
wrong
30. make a
noise
31. get on
32. get
off
33. stand in
line
34. at the head
of
35. laugh
at
36. throw
about
37. in
fact
38. at
midnight
39. enjoy
oneself
40. have a
headache
41. have a
cough
42. fall
asleep
43. again and
again
44. look
over
45. take
exercise
II.
重要句型
1. be good for
sth.
2. I think
…
3. I hope…
4. I love…
5. I don’t
like…
6. I’m
sure…
7. forget to do
sth.
8. take a message for
sb.
9. give sb. the
message
10. help yourself to
sth.
11. be famous for
sth.
12. on one’s way
to…
13. make one’s way
to…
14. quarrel with
sb.
15. agree with
sb.
16. stop sb. from
doing sth.
III.
交际用语
1.What’s the weather
like today?
2.It’s cold, but
quite suuny.
3.How cold it is
today!
4.Yes, but it’ll be
warmer later on.
5.Shall we make a
snowman?
6.Ok. Come
on!
7.Happy New
Year!
8.May I speak to Ann,
please??
9.Hold on,
please.
10.Thanks a lot for
inviting me to your party.
11.Ok. But I’m afraid
I may be a little late.
12.Can I take a
message for you?
13.That’s OK. It
doesn’t matter.
14.I’m very sorry,
but I can’t come.
15.I’m sorry to hear
that.
16.Happy
birthday!
17.Would you like ...? Would you like to
...?
18.Do you think ...? Yes, I think so. / No, I
don't think so.
19.Do you agree? Yes, I agree. / No, don't really
agree. I really can't agree.
20.There are a few / a lot of ... / on
it.
21.So do we.
22.I'm happy you like it.
23.Which is the way to ..., please?
24.Turn right/left at the ... crossing.
25.Go on until you reach ...
26.How can I get to ...? Go down/up/along this road.
27.What's the matter?
28.It'll take you half an hour to ...
29.We'd better catch a bus.
30.It may be in ... Ah, so it is
31.You must be more careful!
32.You mustn't cross the road now.
33.If you want to cross a street, you must wait for the green
light.
34.Please stand in line.
35.You must wait for your turn.
36.If you don't go soon, you'll be late.
37.I don't feel very well.
38.My head hurts.
39.You mustn't eat anything until you see the doctor.
40.What's the trouble?
41.What's the matter with…?
42.She didn't feel like eating anything.
43.Nothing serious.
44.Have/get a pain in…
45.No problem.
46.Take this medicine three times a day.
IV.
重要语法
1.
一般过去时;
2.
反意疑问句的用法;
3.
一般将来时;
4.
感叹句;
5.
简单句的五种基本句型;
6.
情态动词can, may和must, have
to的用法;
7.
时间状语从句和条件状语从句。
【名师讲解】
1. above/ over/
on
这三个介词都表示“在……之上”,但含义不同。on指在某物的表面上,和某物接触;above指在某物的上方,不和某物接触,但也不一定在某物的正上方;over指在某物的正上方,不和某物接触。试比较:
There
is a book on the desk.课桌上有一本书。
I raise
my right hand above my head.
我把右手高举过头。
There
is a stone bridge over the river.
河面上有座石桥。
2. forget to do
sth./forget doing sth.
forget
to do sth.意思是“忘记做某事”,实际上还没做;forget doing sth,意思是“忘记做过某事”,实际上已经做过了。试比较:
I
forgot to tell him the news.我忘记告诉他这条消息了。
I
forgot telling him the news.我已经把这条消息告诉他了,我却忘了。
类似的词还有:remember, regret等。
3.
hope/wish
hope和wish
在汉语中都有“希望”的意思,但其含义和用法有所不同。主要区别如下:
(1)wish可以用来表示不可实现的愿望;hope只能用来表示可能实现的愿望。例如:
I wish I were
20 years younger.我但愿自己能年轻二十岁。
I hope you’ll
be better soon.
我希望你能很快好起来。
I wish the
weather wasn’t so cold.
但愿天气不这麽冷。
I hope he will
come, too.
我希望他也能来。
(2)wish可以接sb. to do
sth.
的结构,而hope不可以。例如:
Do you wish me
to come back later?
你是否希望我再来?
4. be sure to do
sth./ be sure of/about sb. or sth.
(1)be sure to do sth.可以用来表示说话人给对方提出要求,意思是“务必”,也可以用来表示说话人做出的推断,意思是“一定”,“肯定”。例如:
Be sure to lock
the door when you leave.你离开时务必把门锁好。
It’s a good film. You are sure to enjoy
it.这是一部好电影,你肯定会喜欢的。
(2)be sure of/about sb.or sth.
可用来表示“某人对某事有把握”。例如:
I’m sure of his
success.我相信他会成功。
I think
it was three years ago, but I’m not sure about
it.我想那是三年前的事情,但我没有把握。
5. hear from/hear
of
hear意思是“听到”,从哪里听到要用from来表示。例如:
I’ve
heard from Xiao Wu that we’ll start out military training
tomorrow.
我听小吴说,我们明天开始军训。
Listen
to the tape and write out what you hear from Han Mei.
听录音,并写出你从韩梅那里听到的内容。
hear
from还有一个意思是“收到某人的来信”(=receive a
letter from sb.)。例如:
I heard
from my pen friend in the U.S.A. last month.
上个月我受到了美国笔友的来信。
I heard
from her last week.
我上周接到了她的来信。
hear
of和和hear
from含义不同。hear of
意思是“听说”,“得知”(某事或某人的存在),常用在疑问句和否定句里。例如:
Who is
he? I’ve never heard of him.他是谁?我从来没有听说过他。
I never
heard of such a thing!
这样的事我从来没有听说过。
6. It’s a
pleasure./With pleasure.
It’s a
pleasure这句话常用作别人向你表示致谢时的答语,意思是“那是我乐意做的”。例如:
---Thank you for helping me.
谢谢你地帮助。
---It’s
a pleasure.
那是我乐意做的。
---Thanks a lot. Bye.非常感谢。
再见。
---It’s
a pleasure.
那是我乐意做的。再见。
类似的话还有 “Not at all.” “You are welcome.” “That’s all
right.”
With pleasure也用作客气的答语,主要用在别人要你做某事,而你又非常愿意去做的场合。例如:
---Will
you please pass me the newspaper, please?
请你把报纸递给我好吗?
---With
pleasure.
当然可以。
7. seem/look
(1)二者都可以作“看起来”讲,但seem暗示凭借一些迹象作出的有根据的判断,这种判断往往接近事实;look着重强调由视觉得出的印象。两者都可跟(to be)+形容词和as if从句。如:
He seems / looks (to be) very happy today.
他今天看起来很高兴。
It looks (seems) as if it it is going to rain.
好像要下雨了。
(2)但下列情况中只用seem不用look:
1)后跟不定式to do时。如:
He seems to know the answer.
他似乎知道答案。
2)在It seems that ...结构中。如:
It seems that he is happier now than yesterday.他像比昨天高兴些了。
8. be ready to do/be ready for/ get ready to
do/get ready for (1)be ready to do和be ready for…表示“已作好…的准备”,强调状态
(2)get ready to do和get ready for…表示“为…做准备”,强调行为。如:
I'm ready to do anything you want me to do.
我愿意/随时准备做一切做你要我做的事。
I'm ready for any questions you may
ask.我愿意/随时准备回答你可能问的问题。
He's getting ready to leave for
Tokyo.他正准备动身去东京。
Let's get ready for the hard
moment.我们为这一艰难时刻作好准备吧。
(3)be ready to do
通常可理解“乐于做某事”,即思想上总是有做某事的准备。be not ready to do表示
“不轻易做某事”。如:
He's usually not ready to listen to
others.他通常不轻易听从别人。
9. at table/at the table
at table在吃饭,at the
table在桌子旁边。例如:
The Greens are at table.
格林一家人在吃饭。
Mr. Black is sitting at the table and reading a
book.布莱克先生坐在桌旁读书。
10.
reach, arrive/get to
三者都有"到达"之意。reach是及物动词,后直接加名词,get和arrive是不及物动词,不能直接加名词,须借助于介词。get to后加名词地点,若跟副词地点时,to去掉;arrive at +小地方,arrive in+大地方。如:
Lucy got
to the zoo before 8 o'clock.
露西8点前到了动物园。
When did
your parents arrive in Shanghai?
你父母何时到上海的?
It was
late when I got home.
我到家时天色已晚。
11.
sick/ill
二者都是形容词。当“生病的,患病“之意时,ill只作表语,不作定语;而sick既可作表语也可作定语。sick有"呕吐,恶心"的意思,只能作表语,而ill无此意。如:
Li
Lei was ill last week. (只作表语)李磊上周生病了。
He's a sick man.
(作定语)他是病人。不能说成:He's an
ill man.
My
grandfather was sick for a month last year.
(作表语)我祖父去年病了一个
月。
12. in
time/on time
in time是"及时"的意思,on time是"准时,按时"。如:
I didn't get to the bus stop in time.
我没有及时赶上汽车。
We'll finish our job on time.
我们要按时完成任务。
13. may
be/maybe
It may be in your inside pocket. = Maybe it is in your inside
pocket.
也许在你里边的口袋里。第一句中may
be是情态动词+be
动词构成的谓语部分,意思是"也许是","可能是";第二句中的maybe是副词,意思是"可能",常位于句首,不能位于句中,相当于另一副词perhaps。再如:
Maybe you put it in that bag.也许你放在了那只包里。(不能说You maybe put it
in that bag.)
It may be a hat.那可能是顶帽子。(不能说It maybe a hat.
或It
maybe is a hat.)
14.
noise/ voice/ sound
noise
指嘈杂声,噪音大的吵杂声。voice是指说话的声音,嗓音,嗓子。sound是指耳朵能够听到的声音、闹声等。它是表示声音之意的最普通的字。有时还用作科学上的声音。例如:
Don't make so much noise!
别那么大声喧哗!
I didn't recognize John's voice on the telephone.
在电话里我听不出约翰的声
音。
He spoke in a low voice.
他低声说话。
We heard a strange sound.
我们听到了一种奇怪的声音。
Sound travels fast, but light travels faster.
声音传得快,但是光传得更快。
【考点扫描】
中考考点在本单元主要集中在:
1.
一般过去时;
2.
反意疑问句的用法;
3.
一般将来时;
4.
感叹句;
5.
简单句的五种基本句型;
6.
情态动词can, may和must, have
to的用法;
7.
时间状语从句和条件状语从句;
8.
本单元学过的词汇、短语和句型;
9.
本单元学过的日常交际用语。
考试形式可以是单项填空、完型天空、短文填空和完成句子。
【中考范例】
1.---Do you know if
we will go to the cinema tomorrow?
---I think we’ll go
if we ________ too much homework.
A. will
have B.
had C.
won’t have
D. don’t have
【解析】答案:D。该题考查的是条件状语从句的时态。在条件和时间状语从句里通常用一般现在是表示将来的动作。
2.You have been to Tibet, _________? I was told that the
snow-covered mountains were very beautiful.
A.
have you B. haven’t
you C.
don’t you
【解析】答案:B。该题考查的是反意疑问句的构成。反意疑问句的前一部分是肯定句,后一部分就应该是否定的疑问部分,而且要和前一部分保持时态上的一致。
3. ---Jacky, look at
that Japanese sumoist(相扑手).
---Wow,
______________!
A. How a fat
man
B. What a fat man
C. How fat
man
D. What fat man
【解析】答案:B。该题考查的是感叹句的构成。这个感叹句省略了主谓部分,只保留了感叹部分。如果以What开头,就应该是What a fat
man!
如果是How开头,就应该是How
fat!
4. ---Thanks for your
help.
---__________________
A. It doesn’t
matter
B. Don’t
thank me
C. You’re
welcome
D. That’s
right
【解析】答案:C。该题考查的是日常交际用语。回答别人的道谢通常用“That’s all
right.”或”You’re
welcome.”
【满分演练】
一.
选择填空
1. Don’t forget
_________your book here tomorrow.
A. to
take B. to
bring C.
taking D.
bringing
2. Mrs Brown
went to the cinema, ______she?
A.
didn’t B.
doesn’t C.
wasn’t D.
isn’t
3. It was half
past four. Everything _______ready.
A.
is B.
was C.
are D.
were
4. ---Happy New
Year!
---____________.
A. The same to
you
B. I’m glad to hear that
C. I’m very
happy
D. Thank you. It’s very kind of you.
5. I got up
late yesterday. There _________no time to have
breakfast.
A.
has B.
had C.
was D.
is
6. Thank you
for ______me to your party.
A.
invite B.
inviting
C. to invite D. invited
7. ---I’m sorry
I took your pen by mistake yesterday.
---______________.
A. All
right B.
That’s right C. Right D. That’s all
right
8. ---Thank you
for showing me the way!
---________________.
A. The same to
you
B. It doesn’t matter
C. It’s a
pleasure
D. That’s right
9. ---Could I
use your computer for a moment?
---_____________.
A.
Sure B.
Really C.
Right D.
It doesn’t matter
10. ---I just
lost my bike.
---________________.
A. I wish you
to buy a new one
B. You’d better
buy a new one
C. I’m sorry to
hear that
D. It’s always
nice to ride a new one
二.
选择能代替句中划线部分的词语或短语
1.What’s the
matter with your mother?
A.problem B.
question
C. message
D. wrong
2.---Thank you
very much.
---It’s a
pleasure.
A. I’m very
glad.
B. That’s right.
C. It doesn’t
matter
D. Not at all
3.What is he
doing at the moment?
A.now B. a moment
ago C.
late D
later on
4.Did you
have a good time at the party?
A.stay
long B.
sing and dance C. enjoy yourself D.
eat enough
5.---May I
speak to John, please?
---Certainly.
A.Sure. B. I think
so. C. I’d
love to D.
That’s all right.
6.---Could I speak to Jim, please?
---Sorry,he isn’t
in.
A.is at home B. is not at
work C. is
out D. is
free
7.There is
nothing but an old table in the room.
A. many
B. some
C.
any
D. only
8.What’s
the weather like?
A. When
B. Where C.
why D.
How
9.Please let
me look at your photo.
A.give me B. pass me C. bring
me D. show me
10.Please ask
him to ring me up when he comes back.
A. see B. help C. call D. thank
三.
完形填空
When I __1__ in London last year, it had one of the thickest
fogs(雾) in years. You
could __2____ see your hand in __3___ of your face. When evening
fell, it became even __4___ . All traffic __5___ to a stop. I
decided to walk.
A few minutes __6___ , I couldn’t find my__7___ . Then I saw a
young man and asked him to help me. He agreed. As I was following
him __8__ the streets, he told me, “I know this part of London
quite well. And the thick fog ___9__ to me. You see, I’m __10___
.”
1.A. is B.
was
C.
am
D. are
2. A. easily B. hard C.
hardly D.
even
3. A. front B. the
front C.
back
D.
the back
4. A. bad B.
worse
C.
good
D.
better
5.A. began B.
started C.
went
D
came
6.A. late B.
later C.
early
D.
earlier
7.A. road B.
way
C.
street D.
home
8.A. along B.
in
C.
through D. by
9.A. is not good
B. does
good
C. is nothing D.
has something
10.A. strong B. week C.
blind D.
clever
四.
阅读理解
(A)
John was a very famous pianist. When he was a small boy, he once
played at a party at the home of a rich man. He was only eight
years old. But he had played for several years. At the party he
played a famous piece by Beethoven (贝多芬). He played
wonderfully.
The famous piece has in it several very long rests. In each of
these rests he took his hands from the piano and waited. To him
this was very exciting. But it seemed that the mother of the rich
man thought differently. Finally during one of these rests she came
over to him. She touched him on the head with a smile and said, “My
boy, why
don’t you play us what you know well?”
根据短文内容判断正误:正确的答“A”,错误的答“B”。
1.John
once played the piano at a party when he was only a little
boy.
2.John
began to play the piano at the age of eight.
3.In
each of the rests John took his hands from the piano because he
felt tired.
4.The
rich man’s mother did not think John played the piece
well.
5.I n
fact the mother of the rich man knew the piece well.
(B)
One day, we had an English class. The teacher saw a boy reading a
picture book and said, “Tom, what do you usually do after lunch?”
Tom nervously(紧张地)got up from
his seat, but he did not know what to answer. He thought for some
time and then said, “Wait for supper.”
The teacher was displeased and just at that moment, he saw another
boy asleep. The teacher was getting a little angry now, but he was
trying not to show it. Then he asked, “And you, Joke?”
As Joke was asleep, of course, he could not hear what the teacher
had said. His deskmate(同桌) woke him up.
Joke stood up quickly and answered in a loud voice, “So do
I”.
1.This story happened____________.
A. in the teacher’s office
B. after lunch
C. in class
D. a home
2.Tom’s answer made the teacher __________.
A. angry B.
displeased C.
surprising
D. laughing
3.The teacher asked Joke ________.
A.what he wanted to do after class
B.what he did in class
C.the same question as he asked Tom
D.to help Tom
4.Joke’s answer meant that_______.
A.he knew what to do and what not to do after
lunch
B.he did the same thing as Tom did
C.he read a picture-book
D.he did many things after lunch
5.From the above story we can see that ________.
A. Joke did not know what question the teacher had
asked
B.Tom did well in his lessons
C.Joke was good at his lessons
D.Tom and Joke worked hard at their
lessons
(C)
Mrs Black, the wife of a rich business man, invited some of her
friends to have
lunch. She wanted to try a new way of cooking a fish, and
she was very pleased with
herself when the dish was ready. As the dish was very hot,
she put it near the open
window to cool for a few minutes. But, five minutes later,
when she came back for it,
she was shocked(震惊)to find the
neighbour’s cat at the dish. She was in time to stop
the car. That afternoon was successful and everyone enjoyed
the dish very much.
They talked and laughed till four o’clock.
At the end of the afternoon, when she was alone again, Mrs Black
felt tired and
happy. She was in a chair just near the window. She looked
out of the window and
shocked to see the neighbour’s cat dead in her garden. Why,
the fish dish must be bad!
What would happen to her friends? She at once telephoned
the family doctor for
advice. The doctor told her to telephone each of the
visitors to meet him at the
hospital as soon as he could. Finally the danger was over.
Once again Mrs Black was
alone in her chair in the sitting-room, still tired but no
longer happy. Just then the
telephone rang. It was her neighbour. “Oh, Mrs Black,” her
neighbour cried, “My cat
is dead. She was killed by someone in a car and put it in
your garden.”
1.Mrs Black invited
_______to lunch.
A. Mr Black’s
friends
B. her neighbour
C. her
parents
D. some of her friends
2.Why was Mrs Black
not happy after she had a good party?
A.She was sad
about the dead cat.
B.She found her
fish dish was bad.
C.She never
thought that she would have so much trouble.
D.She felt
tired after she had a busy day.
3.Mrs
Black________________________.
A.stopped the
cat before it began to eat the fish
B.was too late
to stop the cat in time
C.stopped the
cat before it ate the fish up
D.stopped the
cat but it was too late
4.Why was Mrs Black
so shocked to see the cat dead in her garden?
A.She liked the
cat very much.
B.She worried
about her friends.
C.She was sure
that her fish was bad.
D.She didn’t
know how the cat died.
5.Finally________________.
A.Mrs Black
found that all her friends were all right
B.a visitor
told her that the cat was killed by someone in a car
C.Mrs Black
felt happy as all her friends were safe
D.Mrs Black met
all her friends at the hospital
五.
根据汉语句子的意思完成下列英语句子
1.
收音机里说今天晚些时候雨会停的。
The radio says the rain____ ____ ____ ____today.
2.
我不喜欢冬天,因为天气太冷了。
I don’t like winter, _____it’s ____ _____.
3.
西安位于中国的西北部。
Xi’an is ______the ______of
China.
4.
多好吃的面包啊!
_____ _____ bread it
is!
5.
明天白天温度将保持在零度以上。
The temperature will _____ ____ _____ in the daytime
tomorrow.
六.
句型转换,使第二个句子和第一个句子的意思相近或相同
1.What a hot day today!
_____ _____ it is today!
2. Most of North and South China will have a cold wet day
.
____ will be cold and wet _____ most of North and South
China.
3. The radio says it will be cloudy sometimes.
The radio says it will be cloudy ____ ____.
4. The snow will be heavy in some places.
It _____ _____ _____ in some places.
5. Shall we go out for a walk?
_____ _____ going out for a walk?
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