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Unit One Great scientists 一、重点导学 根据所给句子判断知识点的词性词义，并归纳其用法 1、discover 词性： 词义： ※ 原句再现 Which scientist discovered that objects in water are lifted up by a force that helps them float? 那位科学家发现水中有一种力量能帮助物体漂浮？ ※ 拓展学习 Columbus discovered America in 1492. Do you know who discovered electricity? She discovered that he was excited. It was never discovered how he died. We soon discovered the truth. He discovered his mistake too late. Entering the room, I discovered him sitting near the fire, reading. We discovered her to be a good cook. ※ 重点操练 There were many talented actors out there just waiting .（被发现） 2、put forward 词性： 词义： ※ 原句再现 Who put forward a theory about black holes? 谁提出了有关黑洞的原理？ ※ 拓展学习 Are you serious in putting forward such an idea? May I put your name forward as a possible monitor? The warm weather has put the crops forward by a month. Put the clock forward by ten minutes. ※ 重点操练 The meeting had been ______an hour.（提前） 3、prove 词性： 词义： ※ 原句再现 Do you know how to prove a new idea in scientific research? 你知道在一项科学实验中怎样来证明一个新观点吗？ ※ 拓展学习 He proved his courage in battles. Can you prove it to the court? Can you prove where you were last night? One mad action is not enough to prove a man mad. He proved himself to be an interesting man on the long journey. What he said proved right. The book proved a best seller. My suggestion proved to be better. This book will prove of great use to senior students. ※ 重点操练 Every means has been tried, but none proved _______.（成功） 4、set out 词性： 词义： ※ 原句再现 Discuss in small groups the stages in setting out a new scientific idea. 分小组讨论新的科学观点的形成步骤。 ※ 拓展学习 They set out at six and hoped to arrive before dark. He set out to write a new novel. The runner set out to break the world record. He set out his ideas in simple English. They set out all their reasons. Set out the chairs for the meeting in rows of ten. The goods were set out on the shelves. ※ 重点操练 It’s ten years since the scientist _____ on his life’s work of discovering the valuable chemical.（开始） 5、attend 词性： 词义： ※ 原句再现 John Snow was a famous doctor in London—so expert that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician. 约翰·斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生—他医术如此精湛因此成了照顾维多利亚女王的私人医生。 ※ 拓展学习 I didn’t attend their wedding. His parents insisted that he attend a medical school. In his last illness he was attended by Dr. Li. The patient has three nurses attending him. Success often attends hard work. Our plans were attended with great difficulties. ※ 重点操练 She didn't ______ to what I was saying. （在意） 6、expose 词性： 词义： ※ 原句再现 But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. 但当他一想到要帮助那些得了霍乱的普通老百姓时，他就感到很兴奋。 ※ 拓展学习 Don’t expose it to the sun. New fashions are exposing more and more of the body. Her youth and beauty will expose her to many dangers. Her house is exposed to the weather. He exposed the plan to the newspapers. I threatened to expose him to the police. ※ 重点操练 The newspaper published an______of the film star's past life. （揭露） 7、absorb 词性： 词义： ※ 原句再现 The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals. 第二种看法是人们是在吃饭时把这种病毒引入体内的。 ※ 拓展学习 The sponge absorbed all the water on the desk. Living things absorb energy from the sun. Can the students absorb the lesson in an hour? The clever boy absorbed all the knowledge his teachers could gave him. The book absorbed his attention. Liu Wei sat down to study it and became absorbed. He was absorbed in his book. Completely absorbed in his work, he didn’t notice my coming. ※ 重点操练 She won't be able to ______ another heavy blow.（承受） 8、suspect 词性： 词义： ※ 原句再现 John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct but he needed evidence. So when another outbreak hit London in 1854,he was ready to begin his enquiry. 约翰·斯诺推测第二种理论是正确的，但他需要证据。因此，在1854年伦敦再次爆发霍乱时，他就准备调查。 ※ 拓展学习 Everybody suspects his story about what he did during the war. I never told the police what I suspected. The police suspected that Bill did it. I suspect they'll come. We suspected that it was a trick to get our money. I suspect him to be a liar. We suspect him to have done it. We suspect they will be a little late. I suspect you may be right. The policeman suspected the thief of lying. The two men were suspected of receiving stolen property. ※ 重点操练 Little did we ______ that the district was so rich in mineral resources.(怀疑) 9、blame 词性： 词义： ※ 原句再现 It seemed that the water was to blame. 看来水是罪魁祸首。 ※ 拓展学习 I don’t blame you, I blame myself. He blamed his failure on his teacher. I will not have you blame it on me. I must say that I am very much to blame. Nobody is to blame for it. She will put the blame on us if it turns out badly. Don’t lay the blame for that on me. I am going to take all the blame on myself. The driver must bear the blame.： Who is to blame? ※ 重点操练 The driver was not to ______ for the accident.（责怪） 10、link 词性： 词义： ※ 原句再现 In another part of London, he found supporting evidence from two other deaths that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak. 在伦敦的另一地区，他从两个与宽街爆发的霍乱有关的死亡病例中又发现了有力证据。 ※ 拓展学习 The two towns were linked by a railway. They walked with linked arms. Fingerprints link the suspect to crime. I have heard his name linked with that of a well-known figure. The two units would link up. ※ 重点操练 Is there a ______between smoking and lung disease? （联系） 11、make sense 词性： 词义： ※ 原句再现 Only you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sence. 只有你把太阳放在中心位置,天空中其它星体的运动才说得清楚. ※ 拓展学习 Your sentence doesn’t make sense. The article doesn’t make sense because there are too many new words. Your remark doesn’t make sense here. ※ 重点操练 Can you ______ of what this writer is saying?（理解） 二、操练巩固 I、翻译下列词语
II. 根据语境填写适当的词 第一组：
1 The new tunnel hasn’t been finished; it is still under _________. 第二组：
11 She is a ________ woman who never smiles. 第三组：
21 I _________ three times but he still couldn’t remember it. III. A核心词汇 根据句子意思写出括号内所给中文的正确形式。 1．If we ____________(打败) the Italian team，we’ll be through to the final. 2．About two hundred students ____________(参加)the lecture by Professor Smith yesterday. 3．Being ____________(暴露)to strong sunlight too much time is bad for your skin. 4. Finding a cure for AIDS is one of the greatest ____________(挑战)facing doctors today. 5．Two new roads have recently been opened，and several others are still under __________(建设)． 6．I applied for a job as a secretary there，but was ____________(拒绝)． 7．His brother is a businessman who has already____________(捐助)500,000 yuan to the earthquake stricken area. 8．Cigarettes give off too much poisonous vapour into the air，which ____________(污染)the environment badly. 9．No one knows who stole her car，but the police have ____________ her neighbors.At last，the two ____________ were arrested today in connection with the robbery.(suspect) 10．用conclude 的适当形式填空 (1)Taking into account of all these factors，we may reach the ____________ that parents are the best teachers of their children. (2)Johnson ____________ from his studies that equality between the sexes is still a long way off. B 根据下列中文提示完成下面短文：(每空只填一词) 在历史的长河中，科学家为这个世界做出了巨大的贡献。我认为，科学家就是那些在工作中严格要求自己及专注于他们所从事的每件事的人。好的科学家从不莽撞地做出结论。反之，他对自己所提出的结论都极为谨慎，为此，他可以一次又一次做实验。科学家都牢记这么一点：一个理论如果无法帮助世人从不可预料的困境中解脱的话，就不能称之为好理论。而且，好的理论应该是可以为其它理论的建立提供基础的。因此，我们不难看到科学家们耗尽一生的心血，只为找到一个放诸四海而皆准的理论。 1)__________ history, scientists have made great 2)__________ to the world. In my 3)__________, scientists are those who are 4)__________ in their work and are always 5)__________ in everything they do. A good scientist never jumps to a 6)__________. Instead, he is 7)__________ of every 8)__________ he draws so that he does 9)__________ again and again to test the theory he has put 10)__________. Scientists keep it in 11)__________ that a theory makes no 12)__________ if it can’t help the world that is 13)__________ to unexpected dangers. In 14)__________, a good theory must be a base on which other ideas can be built. Because of this, it’s not rare for us to find scientists who devote all their life to a 15)__________ theory. IV.根据本单元课文内容填写恰当的单词（每空一词） John Snow was a well-known ① in London in the ② century. He wanted to find the ③ of cholera in order to ④ it. In 1854 when a cholera ⑤ out, he began to gather information. He ⑥ on a map where all the dead people had lived and he found that many people who had drunk the dirty water from the ⑦ died. So he decided that the polluted water carried cholera. He suggested that the ⑧ of all water supply be ⑨ and new ways to ⑩ with polluted water be found. Finally ,“King Cholera” was defeated. V. 根据括号内所给的提示翻译下列句子. 1. 现在很有必要马上通知他们会议取消了。(There’s a great need to…) 2. 为了不让野兽接近,我们让火通宵达旦地燃烧着。（keep, have ） 3. 在那种场合下你还惹麻烦真是丢人。（It’s a shame that…） 4. 当被问到为什么旷课时,他低着头不说话。（absent , drop ） 5. 他建议教室一天打扫两次。（clean 虚拟 ） 6. 只有用这种方法你才能解决问题。（in this way 倒装 ） 7. 孩子们不应受到谴责。（不用被动形式） 8. 你刚才说的话很有道理。 ( makes sense) 9. 让我用一句谚语结束我的演讲：有志者，事竟成。( conclude … with) 10. 第一次来到西安，他就决定在此安家。（settle） 参考答案
一、重点导学 1、to be discovered 2、put forward 3、successful 4、set out 5、attend 6、expose 7、absorb 8、suspect 9、blame 0、link 11、make sense 二、操练巩固 I、 1、put forward 2、be absorbed in 3、characteristic 4、make sense 5、slow down 6、conclude 7、challenge 8、in addition 9、draw a conclusion 10、construction 11、expose 12、apart from 13、be strict/severe with 14、absorb 15、contribute 16、look into 17、under the control of 18、positive 19、blame sb. for sth 20、lead to 21、be enthusiastic for/about sth 22、announce 23、suspect II. 第一组：1 construction 2 cure 3 Engines 4 contributes 5 control 6 characteristic 7 positive 8 absorbed 9 theory 10 movement 18 analyze 19 enthusiastic 20 handle 28 virus 29 rejected 30 cautious III. A 1.defeat 2.attended 3.exposed 4.challenges 5.construction 6.rejected/refused 7.contributed 8.pollute 9.suspected；suspects 10.(1)conclusion (2)concluded B 1）Throughout 2）contributions 3）opinion 4）strict 5）absorbed 6）conclusion 7）cautious 8）conclusion 9）experiments 10）forward. 11）mind 12）sense 13）exposed 14）addition 15）universal IV. ① doctor ②19th ③cause ④defeat ⑤broke ⑥marked ⑦pump ⑧source ⑨examined ⑩deal IV. 1. There’s a great need to tell them at once that the meeting has been called off/ cancelled. 2. In order to keep wild animals away, we had the fire burning all night long. 3. It’s a shame that you should have got into trouble on that occasion. 4. When asked why he was absent from school, he dropped his head without a word. 5. He suggests the classroom be cleaned twice a day. 6. Only in this way can you solve the problem. 7. The children were not to blame. 8. What you said just now makes much sense. 9. Let me conclude my speech with a saying：Where there is a will，there is a way. 10. The first time he came to Xi’an，he decided to settle here. |
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