主谓一致之语法一致原则（二）

主谓一致之语法一致原则（二）

今天这一讲，Master Osifu English为大家讲解主谓一致的语法一致原则，何谓语法一致？语法一致就是谓语动词和主语在单复数形式上保持一致。Master Osifu English以例句形式为大家列出。

 

1.以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式；主语为复数时，谓语动词用复数形式。

例如：His father is working on the farm.

To study English well is not easy.

What he said is very important for us all.

The children were in the classroom two hours ago.

Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes.

 

注意:由what 引导的主语从句，后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式，但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时，主句的谓语动词也可用复数形式。

例如：What I bought were three English books.

What I say and do is/are helpful to you.

 

2.由连接词and或both…and连接起来的主语后面，要用复数形式的谓语动词。

例如：Lucy and Lily are twins.

She and I are chlassmates.

The boy and the girl were surprised when they heard the news.

Both she and he are Young Pioneers.

 

注意：(1).若and所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物时，后面的谓语动词应为单数形式。

例如：The write and artist has come.

(2).由and连接的并列单数主语前如果有no, each, every more than a/an, many a/an 修饰时，其谓语动词用单数形式。

例如：Every student and every teacher was in the room.

No boy and no girl likes it.

 

3.主语为单数名词或代词，尽管后面跟有with, together with, except, but, like, as well as, rather than, more than, no less than, besides, including等引起的短语，谓语动词仍用单数形式；若主语为复数，谓语用复数形式。

例如：Mr. Green, together with his wife and children, has come to China.

Nobody but Jim and Mike was on the playground.

She, like you and Tom, is very tall.

 

4.either, neither, each, every 或no+单数名词和由some, any, no, every构成的复合不定代词，都作单数看待。

例如：Each of us has a new book.

Everything around us is matter.

 

注意：(1).在口语中，当either 或neither后跟有 ‘of+复数名词/代词’作主语时，其谓语动词也可用复数。

例如：Neither of the texts is/are interesting.

(2).若none of 后面的名词是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数；若后面的名词是复数，谓语动词单复数均可。

例如：None of us has/have been to America.

 

下面练习几个题，帮大家巩固此知识点。

1.Every boy and every girl____to attend the evening party.

A.wish  B.wishes  C.is like  D.like

解析：答案B.

此题考查的是单数名词前由every来修饰时，后面的谓语动词应为单数，根据句意，故选B.

 

2.Alice, together with two boys,____for having broken the rule.

A.was punished  B. punished  C.were punished  D.being punished

解析：答案A.

此题考查的是主语后跟together with 词组时，谓语动词与主语保持一致，主语Alice为单数形式，谓语动词也为单数，根据句意，故选A.

 

3.The great writer and professor_____.

A. is an old man and a young man B.are both old men  C. is an old man D.were two Chinese

解析：答案C.

此题考查的是虽然主语中的两个名词由and连接，但指的是一人身兼二职，故选A.

 

4.The League secretary and the monitor____asked to attend the meeting this afternoon.

A.is   B.was   C.is being  D.are

解析：答案D.

此题考查的是主语由and连接，有两个人，是复数形式，谓语动词也应为复数形式，故选D.

 

今天的语法点看起来多，但不复杂。Master Osifu English希望大家通过习题演练能够熟练掌握。