1.动名词作主语 动名词可直接放在句首作主语。在一些句子中,常用it作形式主语,把用作真正主语的动名词放在后面。it is 后可接no use, no good等名词,也可接useless, nice等形容词。 例In my mind, ______that famous university will be the only way to become a world class writer. 解析A。动名词短语作主语,表示笼统的行为。又因该句没有明确的时间状语,不强调动作的完成,故排除D项。 2.动名词作宾语 (1)有些动词(短语)后面要求跟动名词作宾语。 常见的后跟动名词作宾语的动词有:admit承认;excuse原谅;postpone拖延;practice 练习;consider 考虑;delay 耽搁;imagine 想象;deny 否认;suggest 建议;enjoy 喜欢;escape 逃避;permit 允许等。
常见的后跟动名词作宾语的动词短语有: can’t help, The man denied having stolen anything in the supermarket when he was questioned by the police. (2)在have difficulty (trouble, problem, a hard time, fun, a good time) (in)+动名词;be busy (in)+ 动名词; waste time (in)+动名词; lose time (in)+ 动名词; there is no point (in)+ 动名词等结构中,动名词作介词in的宾语,in常省去。 forget to do sth.(忘记要做某事)forget doing sth.(忘记已做过某事) mean to do sth.(打算做某事) 过去分词与现在分词 现在分词在句中可用作表语、定语、状语等。过去分词在句中作定语、状语以及表语,不能作谓语。 1.分词作表语 例In April, thousands of holidaymakers remained _______abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud. A.sticking 解析B。动词stick与它的逻辑主语thousands of holidaymakers之间存在动宾关系,且该动作发生在过去,故用过去分词。 2.分词作定语 (1)现在分词作定语既可放在所修饰的词之前,作前置定语,也可放在所修饰的词之后,相当于一个定语从句。过去分词作定语时,一般置于其所修饰的名词之后,其意义相当于一个定语从句。 例I’m calling to enquire about the position ______ in yesterday’s China Daily. A.advertised 解析A。我打电话来咨询一下昨天《中国日报》上刊登的职位信息。advertise和position是逻辑上的动宾关系,故用过去分词表被动,此处相当于:which was advertised。 (2)分词作后置定语可分为限制性(紧跟在所修饰的中心词之后)和非限制性(用逗号将其与所修饰的中心词分开)两种,其作用分别相当于一个限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。 例So far nobody has claimed the money _______ in the library. A.discovered 解析A。该空在句中作后置定语修饰the money,the money与discover之间存在动宾关系,故用过去分词形式。句意:到目前为止还没有人来认领在图书馆所发现的钱。 3.分词作宾语补足语
常跟分词作宾语补足语的动词有:catch,
have, get, keep, hear, find, feel, leave, make, Alexander tried to get his work recognized in the medical circles. 4.分词作状语 Lots of rescue workers were working around the clock, sending supplies to Yushu, Qinghai Province after the earthquake. |
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