阅读理解之生态环保类

philip飒飒 2015-05-06

展开全文

阅读理解之生态环保类

(共3篇，限时23分钟)

(·福建名校第一次质检)The “Give It Up for Earth Day” encourages people to commit themselves to giving up actions that are harmful to the environment, such as using poisonous cleaners.

Throughout the month of April, Canadians are being asked to “Give It Up for Earth Day！” Earth Day has been celebrated every year on April 22 since 1970. Earth Day Canada's president Jed Goldberg says that as people become more environmentally aware, they want to find ways to reduce their environmental influence, not just celebrate one special event.

“Earth Day is a great launching_pad for thinking about environmental action every day，” said Goldberg. “Choosing healthier options, even for the short term, can lead to thinking about the influence of our decisions for a lifetime.”

That's the reason behind the “Give It Up for Earth Day” campaign. It's designed to encourage healthy habits that benefit people and the planet. It challenges everyone to help create a healthier world by making changes in their daily routine.

“We wanted to plan an actiontargeted campaign that will give people a chance to act on their concern for the environment in a positive way，” said Goldberg.

The campaign has identified four daily actions that can add up to huge environmental savings. They include pledging (保证) to turn off the TV, giving up the use of poisonous cleaners, reducing consumption of consumer products and cutting out meat.

At the end of April, all of the pledges will be recorded and converted (转化)into the number of TV hours not watched, dollars not spent on unnecessary items, electricity saved, greenhouse gas emissions (排放) avoided by cutting out meat, and poisonous chemicals produced from homes and landfills.

“What we're trying to achieve this year for Earth Day is to give people a chance to do something that is meaningful and measurable，” said Goldberg.

语篇解读：4月22日是地球日，我们要在日常生活中进行改变，养成真正有益于地球、有益于人类的好习惯。

1．The aim of the campaign mentioned in the passage is to ________.

A．enable people to save more money for future use

B．help people develop environmentally friendly habits

C．prevent people from making changes in their daily routine

D．warn people against reducing consumption of consumer products

解析：选B　细节理解题。根据文章第四段第二句“It's designed to encourage healthy habits that benefit people and the planet.”可知答案。

2．The underlined part “launching pad” in Paragraph 3 probably means “________”．

A．starting point　　　　 B．finishing line

C．exchanging stage D．reforming age

解析：选A　词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“as people become more environmentally aware ... just celebrate one special event”可知，人们希望以地球日为起点，发生些改变，而不仅仅是庆祝地球日，故画线部分意为“起点”。

3．We can conclude from the passage that ________.

A．Earth Day was first celebrated over half a century ago

B．shortterm decisions will by no means influence our lives

C．Earth Day Canada is actually an everyday environmental action

D．daily actions must be measured to benefit the environment

解析：选D　推理判断题。根据文章内容，尤其是倒数第三段可知，保护环境不应仅限于地球日当天，而应体现在日常行为中，故选D项。

4．Which disagrees with the spirit of “Give It Up for Earth Day”？

A．Switching off the TV.

B．Riding bikes.

C．Using poisonous cleaners.

D．Saving electricity.

解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“giving up actions that are harmful to the environment, such as using poisonous cleaners”可知，C项是违背地球日精神的。

(2013·四川成都二模)Tarangire National Park is a park in Tanzania. The park itself covers an area of around 2,850 square kilometers, making it the sixth largest park of its kind in the country. I recently visited the park to see what it was like.

One of the first sightings upon entering the park I found was a huge herd of elephants. Our guide told us that Tarangire was probably the best place in Tanzania to find large herds of elephants. We continued to watch the elephants as they stood under trees and scratched themselves against the trees to hit the spot of an itch (痒)．

To the right of the elephant herd, we noticed a big tree! Our guide informed us this was a Baobab tree and that Tarangire was one of the best national parks in Africa to see so many Baobab trees.

As we continued our drive through the park, we finally reached a watering hole. Our guide warned us that there were lions all around us. Most of them were resting in the shade under bushes, but there was one that was drinking from the watering hole directly in front of us. We then noticed there were a couple of fresh zebra corpses (尸体) — it seemed as if the lions which were resting had killed them!

Our final big sighting was one that none of us were expecting to see. We pulled over to where there was a large gathering of cars, with a sleeping leopard (豹) there! We took photos happily and excitedly and observed its surprising body before returning to our hotel as it was getting late.

So, I hope you enjoyed my description of Tarangire, and that I have inspired you to add this amazing park to your very own Tanzania travel route.

语篇解读：到非洲的国家公园旅游一定会让你大饱眼福。坦桑尼亚的塔拉哥尔国家公园的象群、猴面包树、狮子，还有在车与人的围绕中仍能酣然入睡的豹子，一定能激起旅游者的热情。

5．It is known from the passage that Tanzania Tarangire ________.

A．is the sixth largest park in Africa

B．is famous for its amazing animals and plants

C．has the largest number of elephants in the world

D．is one of the best places to hunt animals

解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Tarangire was probably the best place in Tanzania to find large herds of elephants”及第三段中的“Tarangire was one of the best national parks in Africa to see so many Baobab trees”可推知，答案为B。

6．Elephants scratched themselves against the trees because ________.

A．the weather was too hot

B．they felt uncomfortable

C．they were angry at something

D．they were playing with each other

解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“scratched themselves against the trees to hit the spot of an itch (痒)”可知，它们感到不舒服。

7．Which of the following didn't the writer see?

A．A lion that was drinking from a watering hole.

B．A fight between lions and zebras.

C．Many large Baobab trees.

D．A leopard that was sleeping.

解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句中的“it seemed as if the lions which were resting had killed them”可知，作者只是推断，并没有真的见到狮子与斑马的搏斗。

8．How does the writer like his trip in Tanzania Tarangire?

A．Boring. B．Challenging.

C．Dangerous. D．Pleasant.

解析：选D　推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的“We took photos happily and excitedly”可知答案为D。

(2013·江西省十所重点中学高三联考)Anyone who's heard the story of the three little pigs might have some reservations about the use of wood as a building material.

But architects and engineers are reusing wood as a quick and ecofriendly solution to modern construction — and not just for pioneerstyle log cabins.

The recent completion of an eightstorey wooden office block in Austria and a ninestorey housing block in London shows how the “wooden building” is fast becoming a reality. The LCT One building is a building made of both wood and concrete and designed by Austrian architectural firm Cree.

Cree claims that building the glulam (胶合层木) elements of the building offsite in advance cuts construction time by half, guarantees quality and reduces the buildings carbon footprint. Concrete gives off nearly its own weight in carbon dioxide as it's produced; the raw material for wooden skyscrapers, by contrast, literally grows on trees and absorbs carbon from the air as it does so.

Nabih Tahan, an architect, said: “We want to make buildings like car companies make cars, or computer companies make computers, using an industrial process and a system's approach. To get good performance out of buildings, you can't keep making them wildly piece by piece on site, cutting things in the rain. You need to design them right and have a stepbystep organized process.”

British architects Waugh Thistleton calculated that they avoided producing nearly 125 tons of carbon dioxide in building what is so far the world's tallest modern wood structure, the ninestoreyed Stadthaus building.

Architects are now competing to build everhigher, evergreener wooden buildings. Already construction has begun on a 10floor residential block made from CLT in Melbourne, Australia. However, building regulations threaten to nip the growth of wooden structures in the bud.

Many countries restrict the maximum height of wooden buildings. In Russia the limit is just four floors, in Canada it's six, while in the U．S. and China it's a mere five.