为了帮助记住不规则动词,现在把教材中出现的不规则动词分为几个类型,每个类型中又分若干组,尽量找出每组中各词变化形式的共同点,以帮助记忆。 1. A---A---A型(现在式、过去式和过去分词同形)
动词原形(现在式)
|
过去式
|
过去分词
|
含义
|
cost
|
cost
|
cost
|
花费
|
cut
|
cut
|
cut
|
割,切
|
hit
|
hit
|
hit
|
打
|
let
|
let
|
let
|
让
|
put
|
put
|
put
|
放下
|
read
|
read
|
read
|
读
|
hurt
|
hurt
|
hurt
|
伤
|
2. A---A---B型(现在式和过去式同形)
动词原形(现在式)
|
过去式
|
过去分词
|
含义
|
beat
|
beat
|
beaten
|
打
|
3. A---B---A型(现在式和过去分词同形)
动词原形(现在式)
|
过去式
|
过去分词
|
含义
|
come
|
came
|
come
|
来
|
become
|
became
|
become
|
变
|
run
|
ran
|
run
|
跑
|
4. A ---B ---B型
(1)在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d或t构成过去式或过去分词。
动词原形(现在式)
|
过去式
|
过去分词
|
含义
|
burn
|
burnt
|
burnt
|
燃烧
|
learn
|
learned/learnt
|
learned/learnt
|
学习
|
mean
|
meant
|
meant
|
意思
|
hear
|
heard
|
heard
|
听见
|
(2)把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t” 构成过去式或过去分词。
动词原形(现在式)
|
过去式
|
过去分词
|
含义
|
build
|
built
|
built
|
建筑
|
lend
|
lent
|
lent
|
借给
|
lose
|
lost
|
lost
|
失去
|
send
|
sent
|
sent
|
送
|
spend
|
spent
|
spent
|
花费
|
(3)其他
动词原形(现在式)
|
过去式
|
过去分词
|
含义
|
pay
|
paid
|
paid
|
付
|
lay
|
laid
|
laid
|
下蛋
|
say
|
said
|
said
|
说
|
bring
|
brought
|
brought
|
带来
|
buy
|
bought
|
bought
|
买
|
think
|
thought
|
thought
|
想
|
sleep
|
slept
|
slept
|
睡
|
keep
|
kept
|
kept
|
保持
|
sweep
|
swept
|
swept
|
扫
|
stand
|
stood
|
stood
|
站
|
understand
|
understood
|
understood
|
明白
|
win
|
won
|
won
|
得胜
|
shine
|
shone/shined
|
shone/shined
|
发光
|
catch
|
caught
|
caught
|
抓住
|
teach
|
taught
|
taught
|
教
|
feel
|
felt
|
felt
|
觉得
|
fight
|
fought
|
fought
|
战斗
|
find
|
found
|
found
|
发现
|
get
|
got
|
got
|
得到
|
hang
|
hanged
|
hanged
|
绞死
|
hung
|
hung
|
挂
|
have
|
had
|
had
|
有
|
hold
|
held
|
held
|
盛,握
|
leave
|
left
|
left
|
离开
|
make
|
made
|
made
|
制造
|
meet
|
met
|
met
|
遇见
|
sell
|
sold
|
sold
|
卖
|
shoot
|
shot
|
shot
|
射击
|
tell
|
told
|
told
|
告诉
|
smell
|
smelt/smelled
|
smelt/smelled
|
嗅,闻
|
sit
|
sat
|
sat
|
坐
|
dig
|
dug
|
dug
|
挖
|
5. A---B---C型(现在式、过去式和过去分词都不相同) (1)在动词原形后加-n或-en构成过去分词。
动词原形(现在式)
|
过去式
|
过去分词
|
含义
|
eat
|
ate
|
eaten
|
吃
|
fall
|
fell
|
fallen
|
落下
|
steal
|
stole
|
stolen
|
偷
|
give
|
gave
|
given
|
给
|
freeze
|
froze
|
frozen
|
冻结
|
take
|
took
|
taken
|
拿
|
see
|
saw
|
seen
|
看见
|
write
|
wrote
|
written
|
写
|
ride
|
rode
|
ridden
|
骑
|
drive
|
drove
|
driven
|
驾驶
|
throw
|
threw
|
thrown
|
抛,扔
|
blow
|
blew
|
blown
|
吹
|
grow
|
grew
|
grown
|
生长
|
know
|
knew
|
known
|
知道
|
fly
|
flew
|
flown
|
飞
|
draw
|
drew
|
drawn
|
拉,绘画
|
show
|
showed
|
shown
|
展示
|
(2)过去式加-n或-en构成过去分词。
动词原形(现在式)
|
过去式
|
过去分词
|
含义
|
speak
|
spoke
|
spoken
|
说话
|
break
|
broke
|
broken
|
破碎,折断
|
wake
|
waked/ woke
|
waked/ waken
|
醒
|
choose
|
chose
|
chosen
|
选择
|
forget
|
forgot
|
forgotten
|
忘记
|
(3)变单词在重读音节中的元音字母“i”分别为“a”(过去式)和“u”(过去分词)。
动词原形(现在式)
|
过去式
|
过去分词
|
含义
|
begin
|
began
|
begun
|
开始
|
ring
|
rang
|
rung
|
按铃
|
sing
|
sang
|
sung
|
唱
|
sink
|
sank
|
sunk
|
沉
|
swim
|
swam
|
swum
|
游泳
|
drink
|
drank
|
drunk
|
饮
|
(4)其他不规则动词的变化。
动词原形(现在式)
|
过去式
|
过去分词
|
含义
|
be(am, is)
|
was
|
been
|
是
|
be(are)
|
were
|
do
|
did
|
done
|
做
|
go
|
went
|
gone
|
去
|
lie
|
lay
|
lain
|
躺
|
wear
|
wore
|
worn
|
穿
|
|