初中英语常用不规则动词分类表 (人教版)
为了帮助同学们记住不规则动词,现在把教材中出现的不规则动词分为几个类型,每个类型中又分若干组,尽量找出每组中各词变化形式的共同点,以帮助记忆。
1. A---A---A型(现在式、过去式和过去分词同形)
动词原形(现在式) 过去式 过去分词
cost cost cost 花费 cut cut cut 割,切
hit hit hit 打 let let let 让
put put put 放下 read read read 读
hurt hurt hurt 伤
2. A---A---B型(现在式和过去式同形)
beat beat beaten 打
3. A---B---A型(现在式和过去分词同形)
come came come 来 become became become 变
run ran run 跑
4. A ---B ---B型
(1)在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d或t构成过去式或过去分词。
burn burnt burnt 燃烧 learn learned/learnt learned/learnt 学习
mean meant meant 意思 hear heard heard 听见
(2)把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t” 构成过去式或过去分词。
build built built 建筑 lend lent lent 借给
lose lost lost 失去 send sent sent 送
spend spent spent 花费
(3)其他
pay paid paid 付 lay laid laid 下蛋
say said said 说
bring brought brought 带来 buy bought bought 买
think thought thought 想
sleep slept slept 睡 keep kept kept 保持
sweep swept swept 扫
stand stood stood 站 understand understood understood 明白
win won won 得胜 shine shone/shined shone/shined 发光
catch caught caught 抓住 teach taught taught 教
feel felt felt 觉得 fight fought fought 战斗
find found found 发现 get got got 得到
hang hanged/ hung hanged/ hung 绞死,挂 have had had 有
hold held held 盛,握 leave left left 离开
make made made 制造 meet met met 遇见
sell sold sold 卖 shoot shot shot 射击
tell told told 告诉 smell smelt/smelled smelt/smelled 嗅,闻
sit sat sat 坐 dig dug dug 挖
5. A---B---C型(现在式、过去式和过去分词都不相同)
(1)在动词原形后加-n或-en构成过去分词。
eat ate eaten 吃 fall fell fallen 落下
steal stole stolen 偷 give gave given 给
freeze froze frozen 冻结 take took taken 拿
see saw seen 看见
write wrote written 写 ride rode ridden 骑
drive drove driven 驾驶
throw threw thrown 抛,扔 blow blew blown 吹
grow grew grown 生长 know knew known 知道
fly flew flown 飞 draw drew drawn 拉,绘画
show showed shown 展示
(2)过去式加-n或-en构成过去分词。
speak spoke spoken 说话 break broke broken 破碎,折断
wake waked/ woke waked/ waken 醒 choose chose chosen 选择
forget forgot forgotten 忘记
(3)变单词在重读音节中的元音字母“i”分别为“a”(过去式)和“u”(过去分词)。
begin began begun 开始 ring rang rung 按铃
sing sang sung 唱 sink sank sunk 沉
swim swam swum 游泳 drink drank drunk 饮
(4)其他不规则动词的变化。
be(am, is) was/ were been 是 be(are) were been 是
do did done 做 go went gone 去
lie lay lain 躺 wear wore worn 穿