知识点总结被动语态 语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。 主语是动作的发出者为主动语态；主语是动作的承受者为被动语态。 I invited him to my party.(主动语态) He was invited to my party.(被动语态) 主动变被动时注意： 1）主动语态中若宾语补足语是省略to 的不定式，变为被动语态时，该不定式前要加"to"。即被动语态中无不定式省to的情况。此类动词为感官动词 feel, hear, help, listen to, look at, make, observe, see, notice, watch The teacher made me go out of the classroom. --> I was made to go out of the classroom (by the teacher). We saw him play football on the playground. --> He was seen to play football on the playground. 2）情态动词+ be +过去分词，构成被动语态。 Coal can be used to produce electricity for agriculture and industry. The classroom must be cleaned every day. 短语动词的被动语态 短语动词是一个整体，不可丢掉后面的介词或副词。 My sister will be taken care of by Grandma. Such a thing has never been heard of before. 表示"据说"或"相信"的词组 It is said that… 据说 It is reported that… 据报道 It is believed that…大家相信 It is hoped that…大家希望 It is well known that… 众所周知 It is thought that…大家认为 It is suggested that…据建议 It is taken granted that…被视为当然 It is said that she will leave forWuhan on Tuesday. It’s taken granted that the children should take care of their old parents. 主动形式表示被动意义 1) wash, clean, cook, iron, look, cut, sell, read, wear, feel, draw, write, sell, drive… The book sells well.这本书销路好。 This knife cuts easily.这刀子很好用。 2) blame, let(出租), remain, keep, rent, build I was to blame for the accident. Much work remains. 3) 在need, require, want, worth (形容词), deserve后的动名词必须用主动形式(但表被动含义)。 The door needs repairing.= The door needs to be repaired. This room needs cleaning. 这房间应该打扫一下。 This book is worth reading.这本书值得一读。 被动形式表示主动意义 be determined, be pleased, be graduated (from), be finished, be prepared (for), be occupied (in), get married He is graduated from a famous university. 他毕业于一所有名的大学。 注意： 表示同某人结婚，用marry sb. 或get married to sb. 都可。 He married a rich girl. He got married to a rich girl. 常见考法1.被动语态的各种时态；2.主动表被动。 误区提醒1.不能灵活、正确运用被动语态的各种时态；2.主动表被动的情况不熟悉。 1）The teacher told us that the attraction of the earth for all bodies____ gravity. A. is called B. called C. was called D. are called 解析：错选C。此题受主句时态的影响。因从句“地球对于各种物体的引力叫做重力”为真理，不受时间的限制，所以应用被动语态的一般现在时，正确答案A。 2）The library needs___, but it''ll have to wait until Sunday. A. cleaning B. be cleaned C. clean D. being cleaned 解析：错选D。need 表“需要”时，后面用动名词的主动形式表被动含义。答案选A。如有to be clean 则也为正确答案。 |
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