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先问问各位小伙伴，在英文科技论文的写作中能不能出现譬如can’t, would’t, isn’t？再考大家一个，大家都知道电冰箱叫refrigerator，生活中大家还是比较喜欢用fridge，还有automobile or auto?选哪个，反正意思都一样。 故事是这样的，万事屋亲爱的鲁教授，非常喜欢给我们改论文的语法，每次我们写成can’t，他都会画个圈圈改成can not,介于鲁教授专攻临床分不清酶标仪和水浴锅，我们一般就坐一起不理会鲁教授的修改…..很多年后回想起来，老板，我们错了，英文科技论文中真的不能出现can’t, would’t, isn’t这样的缩写，也不能出现非正式用语譬如fridge、auto. 总结了一下，科技论文常见的informal writting有下面几种：
其实讲心里话，能憋完一篇SCI就已经很不容易了，要再讲formal writting就有点为难莫莫了，譬如憋完这个句子“A couple of researchers have found out that...”，万事屋的歪果仁改成“Several researchers have discovered that...”，讲这样更加学术范，说a couple of 不规范，说found out也不规范.....不想跟歪果仁玩了。 其次，一般来说，学术写作喜欢用strong verbs (翻译过来怕不准确)优于动词短语，譬如establish 替代set up, produce 替代churn out， tolerate 替代 put up with, assemble 替代put together. 举点例子哈 Phrasal verbs: The veteran researcher has churned out manyarticles in recent years. Strong verbs: The veteran researcher has produced manyarticles in recent years. The team that was hurriedly put together has not been productive because the members do not share common objectives. The team that was hurriedly assembled hasnot been productive because the members do not share common objectives. In his attempt to establish absolute control, the dictator sought to wipe out all who were opposed to his rule. In his attempt to establish absolutecontrol, the dictator sought to eliminate all who were opposed to his rule. The auditors’ report suggests that thetreasurer had tried to cover up the financial irregularities The auditors’ report suggests that the treasurer had tried to hide the financial irregularities We must be prepared for discomfort invarious sectors if we want to bring about change in the system. We must be prepared for discomfort invarious sectors if we want to effect change in the system 平时还需要积累一些特殊的动词，因为每次都是用这些词say,show, report会让人觉很土鳖，你可以在平常的阅读文献中积累一些常用的表述词，譬如： In the article, “Euthanasia”…the author outlines the origins of the practice in the Nazi regime... Many medical studies have demonstrated a clear correlation between smoking and the incidence of lung cancer... The researcher maintains that nanoparticles arelikely to remain lodged... The paper concludes that university education mustremain accessible to all who qualify and that none should be denied theopportunity... Available literature seems to support the view thatone acquires a second language... The report notes that there are inconsistencies in the way the economic data have been presented... 其他有用的词还包括：assert,claim, argue, infer, reason, postulate and illustrate. 还有经常用错的就是转换词， 又来举些板栗： A. The authors have made a strong case for their view and also provided some statistical evidence to support theirarguments against euthanasia. On the other hand, they have also appealed to thegeneral moral sense of obligation for doctors to save and heal. B. The authors have made a strong case fortheir view and also provided some statistical evidence to support theirarguments against euthanasia. They have also appealed to the general moralsense of obligation for doctors to save and heal. C. The authors have made a strong case fortheir view and also provided some statistical evidence to support theirarguments against euthanasia. On the other hand, they have failed to considerthe further distinction between active euthanasia and passive euthanasia. 大家觉得用词咋样，好像不错…..好吧，我举的也有错误的例子，譬如第一句的on the other hand, 因为其后的句子并非的相反的，如果用moreover 或者further more还会更加恰当，也可以跟第二句一样去掉衔接词，第三句是正确的。 还有就是，大家不要写废词。简练是科技论文的原则之一。 举个板栗： We analyzed the experiment and what wefound made us realize that the technique is quite complex. The experimental analysis showed technical complexity. 上面这种境界99%的临床狗是达不到的，但是我们可以从下面这样小错误来改正： There is a more preferable method to dothis. This is the most unique case we have yetseen. 其实more most在上面的句子都是多余的，因为…..因为，如果是perfer 一样东西，就是比其他喜欢，而unique也是这样的，本来他就包含most的意思。 还有多用介词，譬如括弧中的一般都是多余的： comprise (of) emphasise (on) stress (upon) despite (of) discuss (about) request (for) 再讲讲前后缀，可以从一个词衍生出另一个词，这样可以省词显得更加简练，譬如：relevant/irrelevant,careful/careless,painful/painless。 好了，今天就策到这里，不说了，再写就要吐了，不想跟歪果仁好好玩耍了。歪果仁总是要我们写的文章拿去润色是有道理的，因为很多用词的确不规范，而外面其实很多润色的歪果仁是印度人，印度人的英语，额.....勾起了莫莫不太愉快的回忆，因为印度人和尼泊尔人基本都懒癌晚期。 |
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