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116．put off, call off put off 意为“推迟，拖延” call off 意为“取消” 如：The sports meet was put off because of the heavy rain．（有改天进行的含义。） The sports meet was called off because of the heavy rain．(运动会取消了，不再进行了。) 117．add to, add up, add up to add to 意为“增加，增添” add up意为“加起来” add up to 意为“加起来总和是……” 如：The newly-built cinema adds to the beauty of the city．新近落成的电影院增添了城市的美丽。 118．be good for, be good to be good for sb．意为“对某人有好处” be good to sb．意为“对某人好” 如：Proper exercise will be good for you．适当的锻炼对你有好处。 He is good to me．他对我好。 119．be sure to do, be sure of doing be sure to do 意为“别人认为主语有把握做某事” be sure of doing 意为“主语自己自信能做某事” 如：He is sure to come．别人认为他肯定会来。 He is sure of coming．他自信能来。 另外，be sure to do 的主语可为sb．or sth．而be sure of doing的主语则只能为sb． 120．in condition, in good condition in condition 意为“身体很好” 如：Walk to work every day and you'll soon be back in condition．走路上班，你不久就会痊愈。 in good condition 意为“完好无损” 如：Everything arrived in good condition．每样东西都完好无损地运到了。 121．give in, give up, give away give in 意为“屈服，让步” 如：No matter how hard the struggle is, I'll never give in．不管竞争有多难，我都不会让步。 give up 意为“放弃” 如：Father gave up smoking．父亲戒烟了。 give away 意为“分发，泄露（秘密等）” 如：The mayor gave away the prizes at the sports meet．市长在运动会上分发奖品。 122．at a time, at one time at a time 意为“一次” at one time 意为“过去某个时期，曾经” 如：I ate five apples at a time．我一次吃了5个苹果。 At one time, girls were not allowed to go to school．历史上一度曾不许女孩上学。 123．be afraid to do, be afraid of doing be afraid to do 意为“害怕做某事” be afraid of doing 意为“害怕做某事，担心某事会发生” 如：He was afraid to go home, because he was afraid of being punished by his father．他因为担心会被父亲打而不敢回家。 124．pass by, pass through 两词都为“穿过”，但有细微的差别。pass by 指“从旁边经过” 如：He passed by me without saying a word．他一言不发地从我身边走过。 pass through 指“从（某地或人群）中通过” 如：He passed through the large crowd．他穿过那一大群人。 125．put out, put down put out 意为“扑灭” 如：put out the fire，把火扑灭。 put down 则可为“记下，放下或镇压”之意。 如：put down the sentence, put down your arms, put down the rebellion 126．regret doing, regret to do regret doing 表示“做了某事而感到遗憾或后悔”，v-ing动作发生在regret 之前。 如：I regretted missing the train．我为没有赶上火车而感到很懊恼。 regret to do 指“当时或现在遗憾地做什么”。 如：I regret to tell you that we can't stay here any longer．我遗憾地告诉你，我们不能在这儿多呆了。 127．sort of, a sort of sort of是口语用语，只能作状语，放在所修饰的动词、形容词前，表示“有几分，有点儿”。 如：I sort of thought you might do it．我有几分料到你会这么做。 a sort of 只作定语，表示“一种……”。 如：a new sort of radio 一种新型收音机 128．let sb．in for, let sb．in on let sb．in for 意为“给某人添麻烦，给造成” 如：His illness has let us in for a lot of extra work．他生病给我们增添了很多额外的工作。 let sb．in on 意为“让某人知道，参与（一件秘密的事）” 如：Don't let him in on the secret．不要让他知道这个秘密。 129．go on to do sth．, go on doing sth．, go on with sth．go on to do sth．意为“继续做不同的事” go on doing sth．意为“继续做相同的事” go on with sth．意为“继续做相同的事”，注意with后只能接名词，不能接动名词。 如：She finished her reading and went on to watch TV．她读完书后，接着看电视。 After a short rest, he went on doing his homework． After a short rest, he went on with his homework．休息了一会后，他接着做作业。 130．be made of, be made from, be made up of, be made into, be made of 意为“由……制成的”，看得出原材料 be made from 意为“由……制成的”，看不出原材料 be made up of 意为“由……组成的” be made into 意为“把原材料制成……” 如：The bridge is made of stone．这座桥是由石头建成的。 The wine is made from rice．这种酒是由米酿成的。 Our class is made up of 50 students．我们班由50名学生组成。 Rice is made into wine．米酿成酒。 131．compete with/against, compete for, compete in compete with/against sb．意为“和……竞争” compete for sth．意为“为……竞争” compete in sth．意为“在……上/中竞争” 如：The two girls compete with each other for the highest mark in physics．这两个女孩为了得到物理的最高分而竞争。 132．break away from, break out, break down break away from 意为“脱离，摆脱” 如：She couldn't break away from his influence．她无法摆脱他的影响。 break out 意为“（火灾，战争）等突然爆发” 如：A fire broke out on the top floor last night．昨夜顶楼发生了火灾。 break down 意为“（机器等）出毛病，故障” 如：The car broke down．汽车抛锚了。 133．be tired of, be tired with be tired of 意为“对某事感到厌烦，厌倦” be tired with 意为“因为……而累了” 如：I'm tired of talking to him．我讨厌和他说话。 She is tired with running a long time．她因为跑了很久而累了。 134．too… not to, not too… to too… not to 意为“太……不能不” 如：You are too angry not to say it．你在气愤下，不免要说出这样的话来。 He is too careful not to have noticed it．他那么细心，不会不注意到这一点。 not too…to 意为“并非太．．．．．．而不能” 如：His grandfather is not too old to do so．他祖父并非老到不能做这事。 135．tell sb．sth．, tell sb．of /about sth(sb．) tell sb sth 表示“向某人谈到某事某人”，如：time, name, address, way, price, story, news, reason, marks, etc； 而向某人谈关于某人或某事的情况用tell sb of/about 如：Please tell me your name… Tell him of /about your life, her friend, our school… 136．So is sb．, So sb．is．, Neither/Nor is sb．, So it is with So is sb．意为“……也一样” So sb．is 意为“……是的” Neither/Nor is sb．意为“……也一样不……” So it is with 意为“……也一样” 如： 1) ---She studies English．---So do I．(指不同人时倒装) 2) ---She Studies English．---So she does．(指同一人时不倒装) 3) ---She doesn't study English．---Neither/Nor do I．(否定) 4) ---She is a Chinese girl, and China is her homeland． ---So it is with Tom．(指代两种或两种以上) 136．even if, even though 二者均意为“即使，尽管”，大部分情况下可通用，但是也有一点小的区别。 如：Even if he is poor, she loves him．(He may be poor．) even if侧重假设 Even though he is poor, she loves him．(He is poor．) even though侧重事实 137．have a seat, take a seat 二者均意为“就座”，但稍有不同。当主人说请就座时，二者可通用，但指一个人发出的动作时，只能用take a seat． 如：He went in and took a seat． The host said, “Please have a seat/take a seat．” 138．compare with, compare to compare…with…意为“与……相比”，“有比较”之意 compare…to…可表示“与……相比”，但更常见的是表示“比作、比为”，有“比喻”之意。 如：They often compare the present with the past．他们经常将现在与过去做比较。 Shakespeare compared the world to a stage．莎士比亚把人世比作舞台。 139．a bit, a little a bit 和a little的用法类似，都可修饰形容词原形和比较级 如：I'm a bit/little tired． I'm a bit/little better now． 但是如接名词，a bit后要加of, 而a little不用 如：a bit of money=a little money 140．but for, except for but for 表示“若不是，要不是”，等于if it weren't for…, if it hadn't been for… 如：But for him, I would have died thirty years ago．若不是他，我三十年前就死了。 except for 意为“除了”，其后的宾语一般与句子所涉及的东西不同类。 如：Your composition is good except for a few spelling mistakes．你的作文不错，只是有几个拼写错误。 141．by this means, by no means, by all means by this means 意为“通过这种方式/方法” by no means 意为“一点也不，决不” by all means 意为“千万，一定要” 如：Only by this means can you learn English well．只有通过这种方法，你才能学好英语。 This idea is by no means reasonable．这种方法毫无根据。 Try by all means to persuade him to come．一定要努力说服他来。 142．feed on, live on 二者均为“以……为主食”，但feed on的主语常是动物，而live on的主语是人。 如：People live on rice． Cats feed on fish．143．at least, in the least at least 意为“至少” in the least 意为“一点，丝毫”，多用于否定句中。 如：I haven't seen you for at least ten years．我至少有十年没见到你了。 I don't understand in the least what he is trying to say．我一点都不明白他在说些什么。 144．only if, if only only if 意为“只有……才……” if only 意为“只要，要是……就好了” 如：One can succeed only if one works hard．只有努力才能成功。 If only I were you! 如果我是你就好了。 145．in a sense, in all senses in a sense 意为“在某种意义上说” in all senses 意为“在任何意义上说” 如：What you say is true in a sense．你所说的话有几分真实性。 It's quite necessary for a college student to learn a foreign language in all senses．一个大学生学一门外语是相当必要的。 146．in course of, in the course of in course of 意为“正在……中” in the course of 意为“在……的过程中，在……期间” 如：The railway is in course of construction．铁路正在修建中。 I told him everything in the course of the trip．在旅途中，我把一切都告诉了他。 147．make up one's mind, read one's mind, change one's mind make up one's mind 意为“下定决心” 如：He made up his mind not to speak a word．他下定决心不说一句话。 read one's mind 意为“看出心事，知道在想什么” 如：I've known him so long that I can read his mind．我认识他这么久了，以至于我能知道他在想什么。 change one's mind 意为“改变主意” 如：He changed his mind suddenly for no reason．他突然无故改变主意。 148．come to an end, draw to an end, put an end to come to an end 意为“……结束了” 如：The meeting came to an end at last．会终于开完了。 draw to an end 意为“快要结束了” 如：This year was drawing to an end．这一年要过完了。 put an end to 意为“结束（不好的事），制止” 如：We must put an end to this foolish behavior．我们必须制止这一愚蠢的行为。 149．keep out of, keep out, keep up keep out of 意为“不牵涉进去，避开” 如：I'd rather keep out of his troubles．我不愿卷入他的麻烦中。 keep out 意为“阻止，不让……进入” 如：The coat can keep out the cold．这件衣服能御寒。 keep up 意为“保持” 如：Keep up your spirits．保持你的精神。 150．carry out, carry off, carry away, carry on carry out 意为“实施，遵守” 如：He carried out his promise to give up smoking．他遵守了戒烟的诺言。 carry off 意为“叼走，夺走” 如：He carried off two gold medals in the Olympics．他在奥运会上夺得两枚金牌。 carry away 意为“使倾倒，使激动得失去控制” 如：The music carried him away．音乐使他倾倒。 carry on 表示“继续进行” 如：carry on the work 继续开展这项工作。 |
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