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几乎我们每个人都被要求学习英文，但真正了解英美文化的人却非常稀少。 比如，我们常说，美食是一种文化，美食也不分国界，但英美的传统菜肴到底有哪些啊？ 《牛津英美文化词典》被视作绝对畅销、权威的《牛津高阶英语词典》的姐妹篇！ 是涵盖英国和美国两个国家生活及其历史遗产诸方面的百科全书！ 了解英美文化就从这了解书中的这15种英美传统菜肴开始吧！ 一、BLT（咸肉、生菜和番茄） 咸肉、生菜、番茄的缩写，英国美国常把这三种食物夹在三明治（sandwich）里。 An abbreviation for bacon, lettuce, and tomato, a popular mixture of food used for filling sandwiches in Britain and the US. 二、bara brith（水果面包） 一种果脯做成的威尔士面包。 A type of Welsh bread made with dried fruit. 三、Battenberg (also Battenberg cake) 巴滕贝格蛋糕 一种长方形的蛋糕，上面覆盖一层杏仁蛋白软糖。切开后，每一片都呈四个正方形，其中有两片粉红色和两片黄色的蛋糕。 A cake with a long square shape, covered with marzipan (= a soft mixture of almonds, sugar and eggs). When cut, each slice shows four squares of cake, two pink and two yellow. 四、Bath bun（巴斯小圆面包） 一种小而圆的甜饼，含有水果干，在顶端有脆糖。巴斯小圆面包起源于巴斯（Bath）。 A small round sweet cake contains dried fruits and has crisp melted sugar on top. Bath buns were originally made in Bath. 五、bacon and eggs（煎咸肉鸡蛋·传统的英国早餐） 一道菜，由煎咸肉片和一个或多个煎蛋组成。 A dish consisting of fried slices of bacon and one or more fried eggs, eaten especially as part of a traditional English breakfast. 六、cobbler（水果馅饼） 一种上面有很厚的油酥面皮的水果馅饼，通常装在碗里。 A fruit pie with thick pastry on top. It is usually served in a bowl. 七、cream tea（奶油茶点） 午后小吃，包括茶和烤饼（scones），以及凝脂（clotted cream）和果酱。吃奶油茶点是英格兰南部德文郡（Devon）和康沃尔郡（Cornwall）的传统，也深受游客欢迎。 An afternoon meal consisting of tea and scones (=small cakes made with flour, fat, and milk) eaten with clotted cream and jam. Cream tea are traditional in Devon and Cornwall in south-west England, and are popular with visitors and tourists. 八、cock-a-leekie（韭葱鸡汤） 用鸡和包括韭葱在内的蔬菜一起炖出的苏格兰菜汤。 A Scottish soup made from chicken boilded with vegetables, including leeks. 九、gumbo（秋葵汤） 美国路易斯安那州阿卡迪亚人的一种传统汤菜。汤稠和辛辣，一般用秋葵（一种有长长的绿色豆荚的蔬菜），西红柿、蔬菜和鱼做成，有时候也用肉做。 A traditional Cajun dish. It is a thick, often spicy soup made with okra (=a type of vegetable with long green seed cases), tomatoes, vegetables, and usually fish, but sometimes meat. 十、Caesar salad（恺撒色拉） 一种主要用莴苣、干酪和鸡蛋做成的美国凉菜，大约在1903年由芝加哥（Chicago）一位意达意裔美国厨师首创，以裘力斯·恺撒命名。 An American cold dish made mainly with lettuce, cheese, and eggs. It was created about 1903 by an Italian-American cook in Chicago, who named it after Julius Caesar. 十一、Bakewell tart（贝克韦尔果馅饼） 一种以果酱杏仁口味的松糕做成额馅儿饼。最初产于英格兰德比郡的贝克韦尔。 An open pastry case filled with sponge cake flavoured with almonds over a layer of jam. It was originally made in Bakewell, a town in Derbyshire, England.
十二、muffin (English muffin) 松饼 一种松软的圆形面饼，由发酵面团制成，通常要涂上黄油趁热吃。 A soft, round, flat cake made with yeast dough and usually eaten hot with butter.
十三、pancake（煎薄饼） 一种薄软的扁平饼，把面粉、鸡蛋和牛奶搅拌一起放在一点热油里，两面略煎而成。在英国，传统上煎薄饼要趁热吃，就着柠檬和糖，通常卷起来吃。在美国，煎薄饼是传统的早餐食品，通常跟黄油和槭糖浆配着吃。有时候也过着香肠吃，叫作“猪肉卷”。 A type of soft, thin, flat cake made from a mixture of flour, eggs, and milk which is quickly fried on both sides in a little hot fat. In Britain, pancakes are traditionally eaten hot, served with lemon and sugar and often rolled up. In the US, they are a traditional breakfast food, usually eaten with butter and maple syrup (=a thick, sweet, sticky substance obtained from a type of maple tree). They are also sometimes eaten wrapped round sausages, a dish called 'pigs in a blanket'.
十四、granola（格兰诺拉麦片） 美国早餐食品，由全麦粒、水果、果籽和坚果配成（英国英语中这种麦片叫穆兹利）。食用时，在碗中和着牛奶，有时还加糖。 A US breakfast food that is a mixture of whole grains, fruits, seeds, and nuts (called muesli in British English). It is eaten in a bowl with milk and sometimes sugar.
十五、apple pie（苹果馅饼） 在英美非常流行的一种甜食，在油酥点心上加苹果、砂糖、调味品制作而成。短语 in apple-pie order 表示“整齐的，井井有条的”。由于苹果馅饼在美国大受欢迎，人们会用 as Amercian as apple pie 来形容地道美国式的东西。 A sweet dish popular in America and Britain. It is made with apples, sugar, and spices cooked in pastry. The phrase in apple-pie order means 'in excellent or perfect order'. People say that something is as American as apple pie because it is a favourite dish in the US.
（以上摘自《牛津英美文化辞典》） 《威兹登》（Wisden）是英国一份有影响的出版物，创办于1864年。请问：它登载的是哪一方面的内容？我无法回答这个问题，但是从《牛津英美文化词典》找到答案：它是英国的板球年鉴。板球在英国和很多英联邦国家极为流行，有人甚至认为，不懂板球就不懂英国文化，可是我对它确实所知甚少。 由板球演变而来的棒球堪称美国的国球，无数美国少年儿童收集棒球明星照片。尽管棒球帽风行我国，我们却不大知道这项运动的规则。对于学英文的人来说，诸如此类的无知有点说不过去。这本英汉双解的《文化词典》为我们提供了补课的好机会。 ——陆建德
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