在写作中，适当地使用修辞手法，会让“阅卷无数昏昏欲睡”的老师们有眼前一亮的感觉，这一个小小的亮点，很可能大大地提升写作分数，千万不能小觑。
修辞手段都有哪些，相信大家在初高中的语文课堂上早已了解。英文的修辞手段和中文大致相同，主要有：Simile明喻；Metaphor 隐喻、暗喻；Metonymy 借喻；Synecdoche 提喻；Synaesthesia 通感、移觉；Personification 拟人；Hyperbole 夸张；Parallelism 排比；Euphemism 委婉；Allegory 讽喻；Irony 反语；Pun 双关；Parody 仿拟；Rhetorical question 修辞疑问；Antithesis 对照、对比、对偶；Paradox 隽语；Oxymoron 反意法；Climax 渐进法、层进法；Anticlimax 渐降法。今天小编跟大家聊聊，咱们最熟悉的，也是外国人最常用的明喻（Simile）和暗喻（Metaphor）。
先说明喻：
A simile is a figure of speech that directly compares two things through the explicit use of connecting words (such as like, as, so, than, or various verbs such as resemble).
所谓明喻，是将具有某种共同特征的两种不同的事物加以对比。这两种“不同事物”的“共同特征”一般是通过作者的想象力联系起来的。明喻要有本体（tenor被比喻的事物）和喻体（vehicle比喻的事物），并用喻词（indicator of resemblance）如like、as来联结，以表明两者的相似关系。其基本格式是“A像B”。
说明喻是最常用的修辞一点不夸张，无论是文学作品还是日常对话，它无处不在。
从我们最熟悉的儿歌 “twinkle twinkle little star”
到常见的英文俗语 “as cunning as a fox” “as fast as lightning”
还有文学作品中 “Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day”（莎士比亚《十四行诗》，属于没有明确喻词的明喻。）
甚至在对话交流过程中，外国人也善于用身边的事物来做比喻。小编就曾被外国朋友用随身携带的可乐和矿泉水科普了“耶稣受难记”：黑色的可乐被比喻成了“原罪”，矿泉水被比喻成了“净化后的心灵”，小编由此感受到修辞的强大！
不仅如此，小编在此推荐一首歌：
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Everything at Once Lenka - Everything At Once 
放一段歌词给大家感受一下强大的明喻+排比：
As mean as a wolf, as sharp as a tooth
As deep as a bite, as dark as the night
As sweet as a song, as right as a wrong
As long as a road, as ugly as a toad
As pretty as a picture hanging from a fixture
Strong like a family, strong as I wanna be
Bright as day, as light as play
As hard as nails, as grand as a whale...
再说暗喻：
A metaphor is a figure of speech that identifies something as being the same as some unrelated thing for rhetorical effect that, usually, provides clarity; thus, the implied conceptual relationship rhetorically highlights the, at times difficult to conceive, similarities between two ideas. While a simile compares two items, a metaphor directly equates them, and does not use “like” or “as” as does a simile.
暗喻和明喻都是通过对比两个不同事物的共同特征来说明事物。与明喻不同的是，暗喻不直接点明两种事物的共同点，而是让读者自己去意会。暗喻不用喻词like、as、than和as if等来连接本体和喻体，而是常用系动词be。譬如在明喻中说“Jim is as cunning as a fox”，而在暗喻中则直接说“Jim is a fox”。类似的例子还有很多，比如我们常说的“Time is money”，“The world is a stage”。例如，Francis Bacon的名言“Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed and some few to chewed and digested” （有些书可浅尝辄止；有些书可囫囵吞枣；但有少量书需细细咀嚼，慢慢消化），是将读书比作吃东西，不仅生动形象，还用“吃”这种方式来抓人眼球。a wing of imagination 想象的翅膀等等
