特约作者:黑龙江 赵香萍 语法填空题在命题的过程中,命题者会设置一些干扰,从而增加试题本身的难度。同学们若能了解干扰的类型,做题时就能避免走错路,准确而快速地写出答案。 (1)有些动词后接不同的非谓语动词形式,所表达的意义不同 【典型示例1】But when he began to walk,the other boy imitated him. Woo Sing stopped ________ (think) about these strangeactions, saying to himself, ”This boy is fooling me. He does everythingthat I do.” 【干扰分析】to think。stop 后既可接不定式,也可接动名词作宾语。stop doing sth. 意为”停止正在做的事情”;stop to do sth.意为”停下来去做另一件事”。分析语境并由空前的”But when he began to walk, the other boy imitated him”可知,此处表示”男孩停下来去思考这些奇怪的行为”。故填to think。 (2)一词多义的干扰 【典型示例2】(2014辽宁卷)Be patient! T'ai Chi ________(call) ”shadow boxing” in English. 【干扰分析】is called。call具有一词多义的特点,当call作为动词时有”打电话;呼唤;召唤”的意思,但分析本空语境可知,此处call意为”称……为”,且T'ai Chi与call为逻辑上的动宾关系,表示一般意义,故填is called。 (1)固定搭配的干扰 【典型示例3】 Tom was very tired ________ workingfor a whole day, so he fell asleep quickly. 【干扰分析】after。该题考生易受固定短语be tired of的影响,其意思是”对……感到厌烦”,很明显用在这里解释不通。句意:Tom工作了一整天后很疲劳,因此他很快就睡着了。根据句意可知,应填after。 (2)介词的干扰 【典型示例4】(2015新课标全国卷Ⅱ)Theadobe dwellings(土坯房)________(build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even ________(本空填the)most modern of architects and engineers. 【干扰分析】built。空处易受by的影响而使用被动语态wasbuilt,在句中充当谓语动词。仔细分析句子结构可知,该句的谓语动词为are admired,故此处应填过去分词在句中作后置定语。故填built。 在语法填空中常见的修饰干扰包括定语、表语、状语等。 (1)定语的干扰 【典型示例5】 When we offer to serve another, wegrow to live in a larger and ________ rewarding world. 【干扰分析】more。本题考生易受到定语a的影响,而在空处填a。根据and前的larger可知,空处也应为比较级结构,且rewarding为多音节形容词,故在其前加more。 (2)表语的干扰 【典型示例6】 (2014广东卷)Whenwe were wondering what to do, the manager came out.She was ________(surprise) helpful. 【干扰分析】surprisingly。考生易看到was想到系表结构,误填surprising或surprised。此处修饰helpful,应用副词形式。 (3)状语的干扰 【典型示例7】(2015新课标全国卷Ⅰ)Itwas raining lightly when I ________ (arrive)in Yangshuo just before dawn. 【干扰分析】arrived。考生易受时间状语”justbefore dawn”的影响而填完成时。仔细分析句子的主句部分”It was raining lightly”可知,此处应填一般过去时。 【典型示例8】 Whenever they turned to look at Andy,they had to look at Mary, ________ made her feel like a star. 【干扰分析】which。考生容易受Mary的影响,而在该空填who。认真分析句子结构可知,该题应填which引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是前面的整句话。 【典型示例9】Judy, after walking aroundthe park for a while, ________(sit) down and began to read books. 【干扰分析】sat。考生易误认为本空考查现在分词作状语而填sitting。但分析句子结构可知,空处与and后的began并列,应填sat。 【典型示例10】 Do you have any idea ________ is actuallygoing on in the classroom? 【干扰分析】what。 idea后经常接同位语从句,考生容易误填that。但是从句中缺主语,that引导同位语从句时不作成分,故此处应填what。 大家都在看 |
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