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反意疑问句,不懂就要问出来

 xingzhe1980 2016-08-13

       使用反意疑问句时,注意把握以下几点:

       一、反意疑问句部分的助动词:

       反意疑问句的助动词要与陈述句部分的助动词保持一致。通常情况下,容易作出正确的判断。但要注意掌握以下较为复杂的情况:

       1 陈述句的谓语动词为have to时,反意疑问句部分用助动词do构成疑问句。如:

       They had to stay there, didn’t they?

       2 陈述句的谓语动词含有used to时,反意疑问句可用usedn’t didn’t作助动词。如:

       She used to come and help you, usedn’t / didn’t she?

       3 陈述句含有情态动词ought to时,反意疑问句部分用ought作助动词。如:

       She ought to come, oughtn’t she?

       4 当陈述句部分有实义动词dareneed时,反意疑问句部分用do作助动词;如果needdare是情态动词时,则反意疑问句部分仍用这两个词作助动词。如:

       They don’t dare to come, do they? / They dare not come, dare they?

       5 陈述句有情态动词must时:

       1) must be表示“推测”时,反意疑问句部分用be的适当形式作助动词。如:

       She must be a student, isn’t she? 

       2) must表示“必须”时,后面用needn’t作助动词。如:

       They must hand in their papers today, needn’t they?

       3) mustn’t表示“禁止”,则反意疑问句部分仍用must作助动词。如:

       The children mustn’t play in the street, must they?

      4) 陈述句的谓语部分是“must have+过去分词”时,如果这个结构带有一个表示过去的时间状语,则反意疑问句用did作助动词;如果没有表示过去的时间状语,则反意疑问句部分用have作助动词。如:

       They must have finished their work yesterday, didn’t they? / They must have finished their work, haven’t they?

       二、 反意疑问句用肯定式还是否定式:

       1 陈述句部分的谓语是由带“否定”前缀的词构成时,这个句子仍被看作肯定句,后面的反意疑问句部分用否定式。如:

       He is unfit for his office, isn’t he?

       2 如果陈述句部分含有表示否定或半否定意义的词语,如:notnoneverlittleseldomhardlyfewnowherenothing等时,这个句子被看成否定句,那么反意疑问句用肯定式。如:

       He never comes to school so late, does he?

       三、反意疑问句的主语:一般来说,反意疑问句部分的主语要与前面的陈述句部分的主语保持一致。但需注意下面几点:

       1.如果陈述句的主语是表示人的不定代词如anyone, someone, no one, everybody, nobody, somebody等时,反意疑问句的主语可用he,也可用they。如:

       Everybody knows that, don’t they / doesn’t he?

       2.陈述句部分的主语是表示物的不定代词如anything, nothing, something, everything等时,反意疑问句的主语用it。如:

       Nothing happened, did it?

       3  如果陈述句部分的主语是非谓语形式或主语从句时,反意疑问句的主语用it。如:

       Doing more exercise is good for health, isn’t it?

       That he missed the exam made his parents worried, didn’t it?

       四、反意疑问句是主从复合句或感叹句时,反意疑问句的构成:

       1 如果陈述句部分是I think / believe / suppose等时,反意疑问句应与其宾语从句保持一致。如:

       I don’t think he is right, is he? 但:You don’t think he is right, do you?

       2 如果陈述句部分是一个主从复合句,反意疑问句应与主句保持一致。如:

       If it rains tomorrow, the sports meet will be put off, won’t it?

       3 陈述句部分是并列句时,反意疑问句与后一个分句保持一致。如:

       I bought you a ticket yesterday, and you went to see the film with me, didn’t you?

       4 陈述句部分是一个感叹句时,反意疑问句通常用否定式,助动词一般用动词be。如:

hat a cold day, isn’t it!

       5 祈使句的反意疑问句通常用will作助动词。如:Don’t go out, will you?



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