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情态动词 + have done是我们要学习的情态动词中重要的一个语法项目，有一点是大家必须记住的，那就是——它一定表示“过去的或已经发生的事情”。 下面梅姐带大家逐一总结一下其用法：
对过去的推测，“一定已经，肯定已经…”，只用于肯定句。 The streets are wet. It must have rained. 街道是湿的，准是下雨了。 2. can’t/couldn’t have done 对过去的推测，“不可能做过某事“ The money can’t have been lost there. 钱不可能是在那儿丢的。 3. Can/Could sb. have done...? 对过去的推测，“某人可能做过某事吗？” Can he have got the news? 他可能得知这个消息了吗？ 4. may/might have done 对过去的推测，“也许已经，可能做过“，用于肯定或否定句中。 He may have gone to bed. 他可能已经上床睡觉了。 She might not have settled the problem. 她可能尚未解决那个问题。 “might(不用may) have done”也表示“本来可能…”的意思，表示虚拟。 You might have succeeded if you had tried. 假如你尝试过，或许已经成功了。 5. needn’t have done “不必做但是做了” I needn’t have borrowed the money yesterday. 昨天我根本不需要借钱的。（实际上已经借了） 注意和didn't need to do的区别，后者表示“不必做也没做” Yesterday was Sunday. I stayed at home because I didn't need to go to school. 6. could have done(不是can) 表示“本来可以做而未做”，有虚拟用法。 We could have solved the problem in a more reasonable way. 这个问题我们本来是可以更合理得解决的。 I could have come earlier if I had set the alarm clock. 如果我设了闹钟我本可以来得早点。 7. should/ought to have done 表示“过去应该做却没有做” should not/ought not tohave done 表示“过去不该做但做了” You ought to have come here ten minutes earlier. 你本应该早１０分钟来才是。 The boy shouldn’t have left. 那孩子不应该离开的。 8.would have done 虚拟，表示“本打算做事实上未做” I would have come to visit you yesterday, but I was too busy. 昨天本打算拜访你，但我太忙了。 高考题小试身手： 1【2012浙江】19.Had they known what was coming next, they _____ second thoughts. A. may have B. could have C. must have had D. might have had 2【2013浙江】I______ myself more --- it was a perfect day. A. shouldn’t have enjoyed B. needn’t have enjoyed C. wouldn’t have enjoyed D. couldn’thave enjoyed 3【2012北京】33. We ______ the difficulty together, but why didn’t you tell me? A. should face B. might face C. could have faced D. must have faced 4【2013辽宁】Harry is feeling uncomfortable. He _______too much at the party last night. A. could drink B. should drink C. would have drunk D. must have drunk 5【2014陕西】25. My book, The House of Hales, is missing. Who ________ have taken it? A. need B. must C. should D. could 答案：DDCDD 关注英语教育专家，CCTV全国中小学生英语电视大赛评委团副主席蔡章兵教授（个人微信czbqsyy）创办的奇速英语微信公众号“qisuen”，可免费获得他每天分享的资源。 ------------------------------------------------------------ 我专门从事中小学英语教学研究多年，如果您孩子英语学习无兴趣，学习习惯差，缺乏好的学习方法指导，成绩时起伏，请加奇速英语李老师： QQ2933581162 微信qisulili. 我愿意与大家一起分享我的经验并给与免费指导。 |
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