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距2017高考仅有13天 高考也就是一场考试，只不过这场考试的名字叫做高考。高考是人生的转折点，但不是决定你人生的唯一出路。别太紧张，用平常心对待。加油，你可以的! 因为梦想在我们心中 高考是我们的天地 2017决战高考 同学们加油 一、写作目的明确，围绕主题组织材料 (不跑题，不偏离主题） 高考英语书面表达部分要求考生能有效运用所学语言知识，准确运用语法知识，使用一定量的词汇和句型，清楚、连贯地传递信息，表达思想。阅卷老师关注的是考生能否围绕主题组织材料，写作内容是否切题，短文的结构是否完整，表达是否正确，语言是否得体，行文是否连贯，前后文是否具有逻辑性。 有些考生在审题环节没有弄清楚写作目的，导致写作内容偏离主题，甚至完全跑题，虽然考生尽量使用复杂的结构进行写作，但还是没能圆满完成写作任务。 【典例1】假如你叫李华，负责为班级的英语墙报提供稿件。请根据下面的一幅图画，以'On Our Way to School'为题，为墙报写一篇稿件。 注意：词数100左右。Rabbits tend to be quiet and alert.属兔的人更倾向于是安静派和警觉派。 【思路分析】从这幅漫画中，我们看到一些学生在过马路时，有的低头看手机，有的陶醉在音乐中。他们全然没有注意过往的车辆，这存在着严重的安全隐患。 短文的标题暗示文章的主题是'上学途中的安全问题'。考生应围绕漫画所反映的学生上学途中的安全问题展开论述，分析学生们在马路上玩手机带来的严重后果，引起大家对这个问题的关注。最后，应针对在上学途中应怎么做提出个人看法，呼吁大家放下手机，确保交通安全。 On Our Way to School From the picture we can see that some students concentrate on their smart phones on the way to school. They pay no attention to the cars next to them. Attracted by the smart phones, the students spend most of their time on the virtual world. As senior high school students, it is our responsibility to study hard, and not bury ourselves in the virtual world, especially on our way to school. Besides, using the phone is bad for our eyes when crossing the street. Personally, we should not use the smart phones to live a safe life. So the students should not be allowed to take smart phones to their schools. 【名师点拨】 虽然作者在第一段比较准确地描述了漫画的内容，第二段针对漫画所反映的问题进行了分析。但是，第二段的内容并没有紧紧围绕'On Our Way to School'这个主题来展开。作者分析了学生们沉迷于手机的问题，而不是在上学路上玩手机可能导致的严重后果。最后作者得出的结论是：So the students should not be allowed to take smart phones to their schools.这与短文的主题不一致。一旦文章写跑题，即使语言错误较少，考生也很难得高分。
On Our Way to School From the picture we can see some students staring at their smart phones or iPads while crossing the street. They dont watch out for the passing cars or the pedestrians around them, which calls for our attention. All of us should be careful of the passing cars on our way to school. If we dont follow the traffic lights, we can put ourselves at risk. Besides, many traffic accidents result from pedestrians running the red light. Personally, safety is the first. Lets put our iPads or smart phones away on our way to school. We should always follow the traffic lights and not run the red light to keep away from accidents. 一篇好作文首先要有合理的结构，如果把一篇文章比作一个人，那么结构就是骨骼，语言、材料是血肉。没有健壮、分布合理的骨骼，血肉就无所依附，灵魂也就无处寄托，由此可见结构的重要性。文章的结构是文章内容的基础，是作者写作思路的体现。文章的内容要通过组织安排才能更合理地表达出来，文章的主题也可以通过结构加以凸现。 高考英语书面表达要求短文结构完整，内容充实。在段落划分恰当、布局合理的基础上，考生应根据主题恰当地组织材料，用具体的、充实的细节信息为框架提供有力的支撑。如果短文空话连篇，言之无物，写出的作文很难打动人。 【典例2】假如你叫李华。最近，你的外国笔友Tom发来一封电子邮件，询问你心仪的大学。请根据下面的写作提纲，给他回复一封电子邮件。内容包括： 1.介绍你心仪的大学； 2.为什么想上这所大学； 3.你打算如何实现你的梦想。 注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 【思路分析】根据题干可知，本文应由三个段落组成。第一段陈述写作背景和写作目的：对方在邮件中询问自己心仪的大学，为此回信告诉对方自己最想上哪一所大学。第二段是主体部分，也是写作的重点：告诉对方为何选择上那所大学。此外，还应谈谈打算怎么实现自己的梦想。第三段是结论段，总结前文，呼应主题。 Dear Tom, My dream college is Tsinghua University. I choose it because it ranks first among the best universities in China. I like it because of its strong academic atmosphere and beautiful campus. From now on, I will change my point of view to study. First, practice makes perfect, so Ill do lots of practice to improve my skills. Moreover, I will ask some meaningful questions to make myself clear about the knowledge I am learning. If I were not to be admitted into it, I will also benefit a lot from the process of realizing my dream. Yours,Li Hua 【名师点拨】 第一段应首先陈述写信的背景和写信的目的。考生直接告诉对方自己心仪的学校是清华大学，短文的结构非常不合理。第一段可改为：In your email you asked me which university I want to go after graduation from high school. Now Im writing to share with you my dream university. Dogs are loyal friends.属狗的人忠于朋友。 第二段考生应陈述心仪的大学是清华大学、对清华大学情有独钟的原因以及如何努力争取考入清华。学生习作正文第二段的内容比较松散，不够具体，连贯性和逻辑性较差。第二段可改为：My dream university is Tsinghua University. The reasons are as follows: first of all, Tsinghua University ranks first among universities in China because of its academic atmosphere. Second, many famous scientists who graduated from Tsinghua University have made great contributions to our society. I know it is hard to be admitted into Tsinghua University, but I will work hard at my lessons. I am sure my dream will come true if I try really hard. 习作的第三段没有总结前文、突出主题，可改为：Such is my dream university. What about yours?
《考试大纲》中对写作部分的要求是'考生应能：（1）清楚、连贯地传递信息，表达意思（2）有效运用所学语言知识'。 考生在写作中应尽力做到：明确写作目的，正确把握写作内容。内容条理要清楚，行文要流畅，表达要地道。如果条理不清，行文没有逻辑性，必然影响考生得分。 【典例3】假定你是李华，你校将接待一批来自美国的中学生进行为期两周的交流活动。现在，学校正在为他们征寻寄宿家庭（host family）。请用英语写一封信提出申请。内容包括： 1.家庭基本情况；2.英语水平； 3.相关经历。 注意：1.词数100左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 【思路分析】根据写作要求，考生应写一封申请信，向学校介绍自己的家庭情况，希望能入选寄宿家庭。申请信的第一段应表明写作目的：申请成为寄宿家庭。第二段陈述自己的家庭具备的各种优势，包括家庭基本情况、英语水平和相关经历等；第三段表达希望获准的愿望。 Dear Sir/Madam, I am writing to apply for the host family that you have been searching for these days. Im Li Hua, an eighteen\|year\|old boy. I am friendly and helpful. I can communicate with native English speakers fluently. I am eager to make friends with foreigners so that I can learn more about Western cultures. My parents are both teachers and they teach me right from wrong. Although were not as rich as others, we live a comfortable life. I once volunteered to work for an international organization with my classmates, which is of great benefit to my English. I sincerely hope that I can apply for the host family. Yours, Li Hua 【名师点拨】 第一段陈述了写作目的,但是缺少写作背景，显得非常突兀。考生应首先做自我介绍，然后陈述写信的目的。第一段可改为：Im Li Hua, an eighteen\|year\|old boy. I hear some American students are coming to study in our school for two weeks and some host families are needed. I am writing to recommend my family. 第二段本应有条理地陈述自己家庭具备的优势。但是，考生的写作思路不清晰，内容显得杂乱无章。'My parents are both teachers and they teach me right from wrong.'一句不符合写作提纲，纯属废话。'Although were not as rich as others, we live a comfortable life.'一句意义过于模糊，没有说清楚自己家庭具备的条件。结尾也没有很好地呼应主题。 根据写作提纲，第二段可改为：I think my family is qualified. To begin with, I am friendly and helpful, which helps me to get along well with others. Second, I speak English so fluently that I have no difficulty communicating with the native speakers. In addition, we have an extra bedroom, where the visiting students can stay. More importantly, an English student stayed with us last year, so we know how to receive foreign guests. 首先，使用主题句点明本段大意，然后用To begin with, Second, In addition和 More importantly陈述提纲要求的内容，而且前后连贯，衔接紧密。 最后一段可改为：My family hope you will give us a chance. Looking forward to your reply. 这样总结前文，呼应主题。
使用主题句和过渡语使文章层次清楚，衔接自然，一方面显示作者娴熟的写作技巧，另一方面可大大提升文章的档次，博得阅卷老师的青睐，为获取理想的分数打下良好的基础。 【典例4】在生活中，我们会遇到各种挑战，但是每个人应对挑战的方法有所不同。请以'The challenge I met'为题，为校报的'英语园地'写一篇英文稿件。内容包括： 1. 你面临的挑战是什么； 2. 你是如何积极应对的。Horses and pigs are great to be around.马年和猪年出生的人非常平易近人。 注意：词数100左右。 【思路分析】根据写作要求，考生应围绕'The challenge I met'这个话题展开写作。内容包括两个方面：一、自己面临的挑战是什么；二、自己是如何迎接这个挑战的。根据试题说明，应用第一人称来写，以一般过去时为主，可穿插使用一般现在时。 The challenge I metAll of us are faced with challenges in life and we have different ways to meet them. Now Id like to share how I made efforts to improve my physics. After entering senior high school, I had great difficulty learning physics. So I was determined to do something to improve it. Firstly, I prepared my lessons carefully before class and marked where I didnt understand. Secondly, I listened attentively in class, eager to find out what I didnt know. If there were still some problems troubling me, I would turn to my teacher for help. Now I have made great progress in physics. I believe as long as you try your best, you will surely meet any challenge bravely. 【名师点拨】 第一段是全文的中心，提纲挈领地概述了全文的内容，巧妙地导入话题。第一段的第二句为过渡句，暗示第二段陈述自己应对某种挑战的经历。 第二段通过So, Firstly, Secondly, 很好地把句子连接起来，完整地陈述了自己克服困难，提高物理成绩的经过。 最后一段对自己提高物理成绩的经历进行一个总结。最后一句既突出了中心，又很好地升华了主题。
高考书面表达第五档（21~25分）的评分标准中的'应用了较多的语法结构和词汇'说明考生要想得高分，文中应使用一些高级词汇和复杂的结构。所谓的复杂结构通常是指三大复合句（名词性从句、定语从句、状语从句）和非谓语动词（动名词、现在分词、过去分词、动词不定式）。尝试使用各种表达法，使语言更灵活、更地道，这毫无疑问可为书面表达增添亮点。总而言之，考生在书面表达的备考过程中，一方面要重视养成一些良好的写作习惯，如认真审题、巧妙构思、工整书写、仔细核对等，另一方面在组织信息和高级句式写作方面要多下功夫。再者，考生要多总结高考英语作文使用频率较高的基本句式，多背诵一些经典的好句子和谚语以及各种题材的范文，增强语感，并在写作中注意模仿运用。同时要学会反思，认真对比分析自己的文章与范文的差距，争取写出语言地道、水平较高的文章。
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