1.我认为你最好不要把那件事告诉她。 误:I think you'd better not to tell her about it. 正:I think you'd better not tell her about it. 析:在助动词(do/will/shall)、情态动词(can/may/must/could/should/would)、had better以及“Will you please...?”等后面应接省去to的动词不定式。其否定形式是在动词前加“not”。
2.我终于使他改变了主意。 误:I made him to change his mind at last. 正:I made him change his mind at last. 析:英语中的感官动词(see/hear/watch/find/feel/look at/listen to)以及使役动词(make/have/let)等,后跟不定式作宾语补足语时,要用省去to的动词不定式。值得注意的是:将其主动语态变为被动语态时,“to”要加上。
3.老师叫孩子们不要在教室里踢足球。 误:The teacher told (asked) the children not play football in the classroom. 正:The teacher told (asked) the children not to play football in the classroom. 析:在动词tell/ask/want/order/like/teach/wish/would like (love)等动词后,跟不定式作宾语补足语时,要带to,其否定形式是在to前加not。
4.请告诉他们下一步该怎么办。 误:Please tell them what to do it next. 误:Please tell them how to do next. 正:Please tell them what to do next. 正:Please tell them how to do it next. 析:不定式在与疑问代词what/who/which等连用时,这些疑问代词本身已作了不定式的宾语,故在不定式后无须再有其他名词或代词作宾语。但是,如果不定式与疑问副词how, when, where等连用,该动词不定式要么是不及物动词,要么是“及物动词+宾语”。如: I don’t know which to choose. 我不知道选哪一个。 Do you know where to find him? 你知道在哪儿能找到他吗?
5.那位老人没有房子住。 误:That old man has no room to live. 正:That old man has no room to live in. 析:作定语用的动词不定式,若为不及物动词,在该动词之后应加上适当的介词。再如:Did he have anything to worry about?(他有什么担心的吗?)
6.这个箱子对那个孩子来说太重了,搬不动。 误:The box is too heavy for the child to carry it. 正:The box is too heavy for the child to carry. 正:The box isn’t light enough for the child to carry. 正:The box is so heavy that the child can’t carry it. 析:在“主语+be + too +形容词… to do”句型中,句中的主语,同时又是不定式的逻辑宾语。故在不定式后无须再加其他名词或代词来作不定式的宾语。
7.我们停下来休息一会儿吧。 误:Let’s stop having a rest. 正:Let’s stop to have a rest. 析:stop doing sth与stop to do sth含义不同,前者表示“停止做某事”;后者指“停下来去做另一件事”。
8.明天别忘了把你的书带来。 误:Don’t forget bringing your book here tomorrow. 正:Don’t forget to bring your book here tomorrow. 析:forget/remember doing sth意思是“忘记/记得做过某事”(已做过某事);forget/remember to do sth指“忘记/记得要去做某事”(某事还没有做)。
9.当我路过他家时,我听到他在唱歌。 误:When I walked past his house, I heard him sing in the room. 正:When I walked past his house, I heard him singing in the room. 析:在感官动词“see/watch/hear/listen to/look at/feel”等后面,用省去“to”的动词不定式作宾语补足语,表示动作已完成。用动词-ing作宾语补足语,表示动作正在进行。
10.你为何不出去散散步? 误:Why not to go out for a walk? 正:Why not go out for a walk? /Why don’t you go out for a walk? 析:“why not +动词原形……?”相当于“Why don’t you +动词原形……?”是表示建议的句型,意思是“为何不……;干嘛不……?”。 好友都在读: |
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