|
半月板是位于膝关节内股骨与胫骨之间的软垫，可以缓冲震荡，稳定关节。急性损伤或慢性劳累可造成半月板撕裂，引起关节疼痛、肿胀、活动障碍等症状，常通过关节镜下半月板切除进行治疗。 警告：请在有WIFI的场所观看视频，土豪请随意。Knee Arthroscopy: Arthroscopic Meniscectomy 膝关节镜：关节镜下半月板切除术 Knee arthroscopy is used in diagnosis and treatment of a number of knee disorders and injuries. One common use is in treatment of meniscus tears. 膝关节镜用于诊断和治疗一些膝关节病变和损伤。其中最常用的是治疗半月板撕裂。 Under normal conditions, the meniscus, C-shape piece of cartilage, resting between the femur and tibia, provide cushioning and stability for your knee joint. 在正常情况下，半月板是“C”形的一片软骨，位于股骨与胫骨之间，为膝关节提供缓冲垫和增加稳定性。 Injuries or arthritis can cause the meniscus to become torn, resulting in knee pain, swelling and minishing range of motion. 损伤或关节炎引起半月板撕裂，导致膝关节疼痛，肿胀，活动受限。 Knee arthroscopy often perform to remove the damage portion of meniscus. 膝关节镜常用于去除半月板破损的部分。 When you arrive at the hospital for your procedure, an intravenous line will be started, and you may be given sedative to help you relax. 到了医院开始手术前，首先要进行静脉置管，并给予镇静剂放松。 The procedure can be performed under spinal anesthesia, which keeps your numb from your waist down, local anesthesia, which keeps your knee area numb or less commonly, general anesthesia, which renders you unconsious for the duration of the procedure. 手术的麻醉有下列选择：椎管麻醉，使病人腰以下感觉麻木；局部麻醉，使病人膝关节区域麻木；以及不太常用的全身麻醉，使病人在手术期间没有意识。 An arthroscopic meniscectomy usually takes between 45 and 90 minutes. Your surgeon will gain access to your knee joint by using sharp instruments called trocars to make two or three small openings or portals. He or she will inject sterile solution into the joint to push the surfaces apart, allowing the structures inside the joint be viewed more easily. 关节镜下半月板切除一般需要45分钟到90分钟。术者用称为套管针的尖锐的器械在膝关节作2~3个开口（入口）以进入关节。然后往关节内注入无菌液体，将关节表面分开，便于看清关节内部的结构。 Next, your surgeon will insert the arthroscope and other instruments through the varies portals. Images from the arthroscopic camera, are magnified and projected onto a vidoe moniter. Your surgeon will carefully examine the inside of your knee joint, locate the damage, remove any loose or serverely injured parts, and use a shaving instrument, to smooth any dragged edges. 接下来，术者将关节镜和其它器械通过不同的入口插入。关节镜上摄像头的图像，放大后投射到视频显示器上。术者仔细检查膝关节内部，确定损伤部位，将松弛和严重损伤的部分去除，用刨削器将松动的边缘打磨光滑。 While it may be possible to repair the meniscus with small stitches, in most cases, the damaged portion must be removed. 尽管有些半月板可能可以用小的缝线进行修补，在大部分病例，损伤的部分必须去除。 At the end of the procedure, your surgeon will agin carefully examine the entire knee for any areas of bleeding or damage, remove the arthroscope and other instruments， and close each the key-hole incions with a few sutrue. 在手术最后阶段，术者再次仔细检查整个膝关节，有无出血和损伤。如果没有，则撤除关节镜和其它器械，并缝合每个钥匙孔样的切口。 After your surgery, you will be taken to the recovery area for monitoring. You will be given pain mediction as needed. Most patients leave the out-patients surgery unit within a few hours。 术后，病人会被送到恢复室接受监护。如有必要，给予止痛药。大部分病人在几小时后可以离开门诊手术间。 （胡佰文 听译） |
|
|
