五年级上知识点解析 Unit 1 1. ----Who’s your English teacher? ----Mr Carter. 这是由who引导的特殊疑问句,用来询问人的姓名、身份、职业等,对人提问。 2. ----What’s he like? ----He’s tall and strong. 这是由what 引导的询问外貌特征或性格特征的固定句子,意为“某人长什么样/性格怎么样?”be like …,这里like 是介词,不能单独作谓语,常和连系动词(be,look)连用,意为“像……一样”。由like构成的短语还有:look like“看起来像”e.g. He looks like his father. Like 作动词用时,意为“喜欢”。e.g. She likes sports. 注意:要区分开What is … like? “长什么样?”和 What does…like?“喜欢什么?”这两个句型的用法。 3. ----Is she quiet? ----No, she isn’t. She’s very active. ----Is she strict? ----Yes, she is, but she’s very kind. 这是以be动词(am, is, are)开头的一般疑问句。其答语为肯定回答和否定回答,注意,yes后面要跟肯定形式;no后面要跟否定形式。还要注意问句与答语中的人称要保持一致。 Unit 2 4. ----What day is it today? ----It’s Wednesday. 这是对星期提问的特殊疑问句,其答语常用“It’s…”来回答。 5. ----What do you have on Thursdays? ----We have English, math and science on Thursdays. 这是询问某人在某一天有什么课的句型,对have/has提问要借助助动词do/does。其后通常会跟一个限定询问范围的时间状语,由“on+星期几”组成。注意首先要看是对第几人称进行提问,如对第二人称(you)进行提问,则答语要用第一人称(I / we);本句型中的星期要用复数形式,词尾要加-s或-es. 6. ----What do you do on Saturdays? ---- I watch TV on Saturdays. What about you? ---- I do homework, too. 这是询问某人在某一天经常做什么的句型,对所做的事情提问。注意:当主语是第三人称单数时,问句中的助动词“do”一定要用第三人称单数“does”!答语中的实义动词要用第三人称单数形式。e.g. ----What does Tom do on weekends? ----He plays ping-pong with his friends. Unit 3 7. ----What do you have for lunch on Mondays? ----We have tomatoes, tofu and fish. 这是询问对方“哪一餐吃什么?”的句型。句子中“have”是一个及物动词,有“吃,喝”和“进行,从事”等意思。当问句中有“for +三餐”时,答语中have后跟食物;当问句中没有“for +三餐”时,我们常用“have+课程”来回答,要根据上下文的语境来决定答语的内容。注意:would like是“想要,想吃或想喝”的意思,用would like 提问,就要用would like来回答。区分好以下三组句型: (1)----What do you have on Thursdays? ----I (We) have English and P.E. (2)----What do you have for lunch on Thursdays? ---- I (We) have tofu and onions. (3)----What would you like for lunch today? ---- I’d like some mutton and cabbage. fish意为“鱼肉”时为不可数名词。 8. ----What’s your favourite fruit? ----I like apples. They’re sweet. ----I like fruit. But I don’t like grapes. They’re sour. 这是询问“你最喜欢的……是什么?”同义句:“What…do you like best?”答语用“I like…”或“I don’t like…”或“My favourite…is …”此句一般疑问句为“Do you like…?”否定句和一般疑问句要借助助动词do或does. 一般疑问句要把助动词do/does提前;否定句要在主语后加don’t或doesn’t. Unit 4 9. ----What can you do? ----I can sweep the floor. / I can cook the meals. / I can water the flowers. 这是由what引导的特殊疑问句,意为“你会做什么?”其答语要用“I can +动词原形”来回答。注意情态动词can后一定接动词原形。 10. ----Can you make the bed? ----No, I can’t. ----Can you use a computer. ----Yes, I can. 这是由情态动词can引导的一般疑问句,其肯定回答“Yes, I can.”否定回答“No, I can’t.”情态动词can没有人称和数的变化,在句子中不能单独作谓语,只能和紧挨它的动词原形一起构成复合谓语。 Can的用法口诀:情态动词can, can, can,“能,会”意思记在前;不管主语怎么换,can的模样不会变。句中只要出现can,动词原形跟后面。一般疑问can提前,否定can后not添。 Unit 5 11. There are two bedrooms, a kitchen, a bathroom and a living room. There is a mirror, a bed and a big closet. 这是there be 结构的句子,它表示“某处有某物”。there is 后跟可数名词的单数形式或不可数名词;there are 后跟可数名词的复数形式。there be 常和具体的地点短语连用。常用结构为“There be+某物(人)+地点”。 注意: (1)there be句型中be动词的单复数形式采取“就近原则”即看离be动词最近的那个主语是“可数”还是“不可数”,是“单数”还是“复数”,从而确定be 动词是用单数形式“is”还是用复数形式“are”。 (2)there be结构和have的区别: There be 表示“有”时,侧重于客观存在,常用于表示“某地有某物”,至于此物品属于谁则无关紧要;have/has 表示“有”时,侧重于主观方面,有“拥有;所有”的意思,常用于“某人(某物)有某物”,至于此物品在何地则无需谈及。 12.The closet is near the table. Many clothes are in the closet. The trash bin is behind the door. 英语中表示方位的介词有很多,常见的有:in, on, under, behind, near, over, in front of 等,当我们用介词表示地点、方位时,一般要遵循这样的模式:介词+定冠词the+名词。 Unit 6 13. ----Is there a forest in the park? ----Yes, there is. ----Is there a river? ----No, there isn’t. 这是there be 句型的一般疑问句形式,直接把系动词be提到there的前面。其答语通常有肯定回答“Yes, there is/are.”,否定回答“No, there isn’t/aren’t.”两种形式。要注意保持问答一致。 14. ----Are there any pandas in the mountains? ----No, there aren’t. Are there any fish in the river? ----Yes, there are. There be 句型小结: (1)肯定句:There is a bridge in the village. There are some books on the desk. (2)一般疑问句:----Is there a bridge in the village? ----Yes, there is./ No, there isn’t. ----Are there any books on the desk? ----Yes, there are./ No, there aren’t. (3)否定句:There is not a bridge in the village. There are not any books on the desk. 注意:用来修饰名词的“some”,在一般疑问句和否定句中,要变成“any”。There be句型记忆口诀: There be 结构是倒装,主语位于be后方。 单数主语用is,复数主语要用are。 变否定特简单,not添在be后边。 变疑问也不难,把be提到there 前。 肯定句用some,否定疑问要用any 来替换。 |
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