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近几年，定语从句常以不同的“姿态”出现在中考试题中，下面我们就来看看定语从句在中考试题中的出场“姿态”： 七嘴八舌说考情 河南说：近10年单项选择中每年1道，在单句中考查较多（9次），其中主要考查that（4次）、which（3次）和who（3次）三个关系代词。 山西说：近5年每年1道，题型涉及单项选择（2次）和词语运用（3次），单选中主要考查了关系代词that，词语运用中考查了关系代词that（1次）和who/whom（2次）。 云南说：曲靖卷单项填空中近3年每年1道，主要考查了关系代词that（2次）和who（1次）的用法。 湖南说：衡阳卷近8年考查4次，涉及题型包括单项选择、完形填空和单词拼写，其中主要考查了关系代词that（1次）、whose（2次）和which（1次）。郴州卷近8年考查2次，均在单选中以对话的形式考查，仅考查关系代词that的用法。 江西说：近8年仅在2010年考查了2次，题型涉及完形填空A篇和B篇，分别考查了关系代词who和关系副词when。 安徽说：近8年仅2013年在单项填空中考查过一次，主要涉及到关系代词that的用法。 说来说去还得练 1. The dictionary _____ you need was sold out in the bookshop．You can borrow one from the City Library. A．who B．what C．whom D．that 点拨： 先行词“dictionary 字典”为物，因此可排除先行词为人的A项和C项；what不能引导定语从句，因此D项正确。 2. All the members _____ were present at the meeting agreed to the plan． A．who B．whose C．which 点拨：who引导定语从句指人，在从句中做主语或宾语；whose引导定语从句在从句中做定语；which引导定语从句先行词指物；本句子先行词“members 成员”指人，且在从句中做主语，因此A项正确。 3.--Is that the reason _____ you are in favor of the proposal? --You are right. I think these ideas are wonderful and creative. A．which B．how C．when 点拨：which引导定语从句先行词指物，且在从句中做主语或宾语；how不能引导定语从句；when为关系副词，先行词为时间；本句中先行词reason为物，且在从句中做宾语，因此A项正确。 4. He reached London in 1994_____, some time later, he became a famous actor． A．which B．where C．when D．who 点拨：which引导定语从句先行词为物；where引导定语从句先行词为地点；who引导定语从句先行词为人；when为关系副词，先行词为时间。本题中定语从句先行词为时间“1994”，故选择关系副词when。因此C项正确。 5. He is the man ______ Mary will get married with next Sunday. A．which B．whom C．why D．whose 点拨：which引导定语从句在句中做主语或宾语；whom引导定语从句先行词指人，且在句中做宾语；why引导定语从句先行词表原因；whose引导定语从句先行词为人，且在从句中做定语；因此B项正确。 专家密招赶紧看 秘招一：根据定义定考点 在复合句中, 修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。两个句子之间通过关系代词（that, which, who, whom, whose）或关系副词（when, where, why）连接起来。定语从句前的那个被修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。如: Chinese Restaurant is a very relaxing TV program which is popular among the young people. 主句：Chinese restaurant is a very relaxing TV program 从句：which is popular among the young people 先行词：TV program 关系代词：which 因此, 如果确定是考查定语从句, 我们就可以排除不是关系代词或关系副词的选项，如：what。 秘招二：根据成分选关系词 在此过程中要掌握“三看”原则。 （1） 一看指人还是物 先行词指人：that, who, whose, whom 先行词指物：that, which, whose （2） 二看句中做何用
例1：My brother likes the stories _____ were written by Mark Twain because they are often humorous. 先行词(the stories)指物, 关系词在从句中作主语,可用关系代词which/that。 例2：He is the boy _____ I talked with just now. 先行词（the boy）指人, 关系词在从句中作宾语, 可用关系代词whom/who/that/不填。 例3：What’s the name of the girl _____ father is a doctor？先行词(the girl)指人, 关系词在从句中作定语, 可用关系代词whose。 例4：I still remember the day _____ our new school was built. 从句中不缺成分, 先行词（the day）指时间, 关系词在从句中作状语, 可用关系副词when。 秘招二：三看是否属特殊 只能用关系代词that的情况： ①先行词是不定代词 something, anything, everything, nothing, all, little, few, much, none, some等时。如： As we all know, all that can be done has been done. 众所周知, 所有能做的都已经做了。 ②先行词被 the only, the very, the right, the last等修饰时。如： It is the only word that I don’t know in the passage. 这是这篇文章里唯一一个我不认识的单词。 ③当先行词既有人又有物时。如： The characters and events that the author described in his book are very interesting. 作者在他书里描写的那些人和事非常有意思。 ④先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰, 或先行词本身就是序数词时。如： He was the first that gave us some useful advice. 他是第一个给我们一些有用的建议的人。 ⑤当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时。如： Who is the man that is standing over there? 站在那边的那位男士是谁？ |
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来自： myth360doc > 《中考》
