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第一类 记忆混淆 1. 漏字母 (单词拼写遗漏字母, 这是最常见的错误类型) 误 正 误 正 leadship leadership goverment government forhead forehead affaire affair necesary necessary permision permission quarel quarrel excelent excellent interupt interrupt satelite satellite adress address presure pressure temprature temperature committe committee personaly personally comand command cariage carriage mirior mirror befor before bargin bargain familar familiar centry century intrest interest offical official balon balloon arest arrest pilow pillow patern pattern 2. 多字母 ( 受一些思维定势的影响,在单词中插入多余的字母) 误 正 误 正 atomosphere atmosphere nineth ninth regularily regularly againest against similiar similar habbit habit alltogether altogether fourty forty Thurseday Thursday lightening lightning 3. 错字母 (书写单词时无意识地拼错字母) 误 正 误 正 splended splendid canel cancel professer professor moniter monitor grammer grammar camal camel chock choke conssultent consultant expence expense guidence guidance independant independent acter actor scenary scenery technicel technical standerd standard passege passage ordinery ordinary parden pardon 4. 颠倒字母 (由于记忆不清, 或受其它单词的干扰, 将单词中的字母排列顺序颠倒) 误 正 误 正 morden modern sieze seize ture true forirgn foreign destory destroy slience silence clam calm Wedensday Wednesday recieve receive secratery secretary tatol total cigeratte cigarette cheif chief bicsuit biscuit 5. 词义混淆 (因部分单词意思相似或读音相似而产生相互干扰) 注意：这组没有正误之分，只是词意不同。 A词 B词 A词 B词 access assess stick strict flesh fresh grasp gasp late lately wonder wander sign sigh effect affect adopt adapt through thorough medal metal chicken kitchen expect except quality quantity charge change course cause quite quiet battle bottle dairy diary angel angle sweet sweat contest context site sight champion campaign floor flour incident accident loose lose vocation vacation award reward wrist waist attract attack doubt double 6. 词性混淆 ( 记忆单词时没有注意单词的词性) 动词 名词 名词 形容词 believe belief reality real weigh weight absence absent attract attraction width wide assist assistant length long protect protection height high recover recovery religion religious mix mixture nature natural explain explanation peace peaceful graduate graduation importance important exist existence humor humorous fail failure science scientific prove proof poverty poor sell sale difficulty difficult advise advice honesty honest lose loss noise noisy recover recovery hunger hungry discover discovery freedom free serve service difference different breathe breath danger dangerous safety safe 第二类 相互干扰1. 拼写干扰 (受其他单词拼写的干扰, 想当然地认为这个单词也这样拼写) 干扰词 误 正 decide devide divide high hight height safety truely truly sixty/fourteen fourty forty believe recieve receive electricity univercity university village collage college enemy enegy energy Frenchmen Germen Germans American Canadan Canadian written writting writing came welcame welcome social sociaty society taught braught brought anger angery angry extra extramely extremely center centrel central value valueble valuable 2. 发音干扰 (没有注意一些单词的读音和拼写不一致的现象) 误 正 误 正 stomack stomach breakfirst breakfast privite private seperate separate oppozite opposite colar collar bucher butcher voyige voyage hankerchief handkerchief blankit blanket bery bury Chrismas Christmas wistle whistle campain campaign exibition exhibition autum autumn 第三类 规则不熟悉 1. 构词规则 (对构词法缺乏了解, 没有注意一些特殊的拼写规则) 误 正 误 正 simplely simply usaly usually luckyly luckily happyness happiness angryly angrily fishman fisherman westen western westword westward noisey noisy arrivel arrival fameous famous twentith twentieth 2. 语法规则 (如在给动词加ing或ed, 或形容词, 副词加er, est时, 不注意双写重读闭音节末尾的辅音字母) 误 正 误 正 studing studying regreting regretting begining beginning swiming swimming permited permitted occured occurred refered referred biten bitten riden ridden throwed threw thner thinner hotest hottest hapiest happiest photoes photos potatos potatoes rooves roofs thiefs thieves |
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