'where'是高考热点之一,命题中主要考查其在定语从句、名词从句和状语从句这三大从句中的使用。 (1)Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity where sight matters more than hearing.句中where是关系副词,引导定语从句,在从句中做状语; (2)You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is where I disagree.句中where是连接副词,引导名词从句做表语,而本身在从句中做状语; (3)If you are traveling where the customs are really foreign to your own, please do as the Romans do.句中where是从属连词,引导状语从句。 在回答有关where的题目时,往往会遇到这样两个难点: 一、定语从句中,“感觉不到”的where。一提到where,我们往往都借其词义,想到“哪里”,无论是在工厂,在学校,在街道等等,都看得见,摸得着,例 如:They will fly to Washington, ____ they plan to stay for two or three days. A. where B. there C. which D. when 答案A,这似乎是显而易见。“他们要飞往华盛顿,他们打算在那(华盛顿)待上两三天。”“在华盛顿”,使用where,有具体的地点。 不过再看一看下面的三个题目: (1)Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers ____ consumer complaints have resulted in changes in the law. A. where B. when C. who D. which (2)After graduation she reached a point in her career ____ she needed to decide what to do. A. that B. what C. which D. where (3)My current job search is perhaps the only time in my life______I'm finding it's more helpful to be task-oriented rather than goal-oriented. A. which B. what C. where D. that 答案ADC,全部都是where。但是,你肯定不像刚才的“飞往华盛顿”的那个题目,能一眼辨别出是选择where。上面第(1)题,先行词是cases,关系副词where引导定语从句,where是“in the cases(在这些案例中)”的意思;第(2)题,先行词是point,关系副词where引导定语从句,where是“on the point(在她职业中的那一点)”的意思;第(3)题,先行词是time,关系副词where引导定语从句,where是“at the time(在那一时段)”的意思。当然,我们还会碰到一些先行词,同样会用关系副词where引导定语从句,而让我们感觉不到“具体的哪”,这就需要同学们扩大听读,在具体的、鲜活的语言材料中不断体会,从而加以把握。二、“内涵”不尽相同的三大从句里的where。 在学习中,很多同学容易犯的一个错误,就是不分定语从句、名词从句和状语从句where的不同内涵,把定语从句中介词+which所能等同的where,误认为适用名词从句和状语从句的where,把它们看成了一回事。 例如:A modern city has been set up in___ was a wasteland ten years ago. A. what B. which C. that D. where 很多同学在回答这个问题时,都不假思索地选择了B. which,认为in which就是where,引导定语从句。但是全句在in which前没有先行词,因此不是定语从句。本题应当选择A。 那么, where在名词从句和状语从句中到底是什么样的内涵呢?我们来看一看下面两个题目: (1)Why not try your luck downtown, Bob? That's _______ the best jobs are. A. where B.what C. when D. why 答案A。where作为连接副词,引导名词做表语,这里实际是“the place where”的意思。 (2)You’d better not leave the medicine _____ kids can get at it. A. even if B. which C. where D. so that 答案C。where作为从属连词,引导状语从句,这里实际是“at the place where”的意思。 分清楚where在不同从句中的内涵,可以使我们在选择的时候,建立比较好的“语感”,从而帮助我们准确回答好题目。 |
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