 Le Nain兄弟17世纪法国画家
2016年10月8日
画家简介
勒南（Le
Nain）兄弟共三人，是法国的三位农民画家。由于他们兄弟三人在画上只签勒南字样,所以后人很难把他们的作品区分开。勒南兄弟的故乡是拉昂，1629年他们迁居巴黎,并设画室,专门画表现日常生活的风俗画和肖像画，尤善于描绘农村题材。他们是法国17世纪上半叶与宫廷古典主义艺术相对立的画家，是法国卡拉瓦乔主义艺术的杰出代表，一些古典主义的批评家不满意他们的艺术，把他们叫作是“风格卑劣而人物简陋的画家”。尽管受到诸多责难，可是他们仍然坚持了现实主义的道路，并创作出大量朴实、真挚、有着浓郁生活和时代气息的作品。
安托万·勒南（Antoine Le Nain，约1588～1648）生地不详，1648年
5月25日卒于巴黎。最年长，是勒南兄弟画室的领袖。
路易·勒南（Louis Le
Nain，约1593～1648）生于拉昂，1648年5月23日卒于巴黎。成就最大，最为驰名,早年可能到过意大利,受到卡拉瓦乔主义艺术的影响。
马蒂厄·勒南(Mathieu Le
Nain，1607～1677)生于拉昂，1677年4月20日卒于巴黎。他的作品和两位哥哥的作品略有不同，风格较为华丽，有的美术史家把他称作为“良好社会的肖像画家”。
展览介绍
ROSEKRANS COURT, SPECIAL EXHIBITION GALLERIES 20B-E
The Brothers Le Nain: Painters of 17th-Century France is the
first major exhibition in the United States devoted to the Le Nain
brothers—Antoine (ca. 1598–1648), Louis (ca. 1600/1605–1648) and
Mathieu (ca. 1607–1677). The presentation features more than forty
of the brothers’ works to highlight the Le Nains’ full artistic
production, and is organized in conjunction with the Kimbell Art
Museum in Fort Worth, Texas, and the Musée du Louvre-Lens in
France.
Active in Paris during the 1630s and 1640s, the brothers are
today best known for their startlingly realistic depictions of the
poor. Painters of altarpieces, portraits and allegories, the
brothers’ work was rediscovered in the 19th century by such art
historians as Champfleury, and influenced many artists including
Gustave Courbet and Édouard Manet. The brothers then became famous
as “painters of reality,” admired for their deeply sympathetic and
affecting portrayals of hard-working men and women. In these
paintings, we see smiling field laborers, city beggars with deadpan
ex-pressions, mothers cradling infants with perfect intimacy, and
children that dance and play music with a lack of pretension. The
Museums’ Peasants before a House is one of the finest examples of
this subject.
Despite their renown, many important details of the brothers’
lives and work continue to elude historians. This comprehensive
presentation and its almost five-hundred-page catalogue offer new
scholarship concerning the authorship, dating and meaning behind
their art. As the works were not individually signed, assigning a
specific painting to a specific brother has long been a matter for
debate. Extensive new research has been conducted to address
questions of authorship through direct comparisons of key works
from the brothers’ oeuvre. Visitors will have the rare opportunity
to compare these pieces side by side in the Legion of Honor’s
galleries. The exhibition also includes a substantial technical
study from painting conservators at the Fine Arts Museums and the
Kimbell, detailing the materials and working methods of the
brothers.
In their day, the brothers were celebrated not only as genre
painters, but also as portraitists and painters of religious
subjects. One of their most important devotional works, Nativity of
the Virgin, an altarpiece from Notre-Dame Cathedral, will be on
display for the first time in the United States. The exhibition
also includes loans from the Musée du Louvre, the Victoria and
Albert Museum and the Royal Collection of Her Majesty Queen
Elizabeth II.
Patrons of the brothers included Anne of Austria, Cardinal
Mazarin, and the captain of the royal musketeers, le comte de
Tréville—one of the inspirations for Alexandre Dumas’s celebrated
novel The Three Musketeers. A portrait of Tréville will be on view
for the first time in more than sixty years.
About the Artists
Unmarried and childless, the brothers lived and worked
together in a tightly interwoven manner to produce some of the most
enigmatic and arresting paintings of their time. Born in the small
town of Laon, in the Picardy region of France, they were reportedly
trained by an unknown artist who may have been traveling through
their hometown. Very little is known about the brothers’ artistic
activity until 1629, when Antoine Le Nain is documented as a
painter in the guild of Saint-Germain-des-Prés, Paris. Recognized
by their peers as leaders in the contemporary artistic landscape,
all three were elected early members of the Académie Royale de
Peinture et de Sculpture in the French capital.
The Brothers Le Nain: Painters of Seventeenth-Century
France
Featuring more than sixty paintings highlighting the artists'
full range of production, including altarpieces, private devotional
paintings, portraits, and the poignant images of peasants for which
the brothers are best known, this generously illustrated volume
presents new research concerning the authorship, dating, and
meaning of the works by well-known scholars in the field. Also
groundbreaking are the results of a technical study of the
paintings, which constitutes a major contribution to the
scholarship on the Le Nain brothers.
This exhibition is organized by the Fine Arts Museums of San
Francisco, the Kimbell Art Museum, and Musée du Louvre-Lens.
Presenting Sponsor: Diane B. Wilsey. Curator’s Circle: The Bernard
Osher Foundation. Conservator's Circle: Mr. Lionel Sauvage.
Benefactor’s Circle: Phoebe Cowles and Robert Girard.
The exhibition is supported by an indemnity from the Federal
Council on the Arts and the Humanities.
The catalogue is published with the assistance of the Andrew
W. Mellon Foundation Endowment for Publications.
参考译文
ROSEKRANS COURT，特别展览画廊20B-E
《勒南兄弟：17世纪法国画家》是美国第一个致力于勒南兄弟 - Antoine（约1598-1648），Louis（约1600
/ 1605-1648）和Mathieu（c .1607-1677）的大型展览。该展览展示了四十多件勒南兄弟的作品，以突出Le
Nains的全部艺术作品，并与德克萨斯州Fort
Worth的Kimbell艺术博物馆和法国的Louvre-Lens博物馆合作举办。
Le
Nain兄弟在1630年代和1640年代活跃于巴黎，如今以其对穷人的惊人逼真描绘而闻名。兄弟们的作品是19世纪由Champfleury等艺术历史学家重新发现的，其中包括古斯塔夫·库尔贝（Gustave
Courbet）和Édouard
Manet等艺术家。随后，勒南兄弟成为着名的“现实画家”，因其对勤劳男女的深刻同情和影响而备受钦佩。在这些画作中，我们看到了微笑的田野劳动者，带着面无表情的城市乞丐，拥抱完美亲密关系的母亲的母亲，以及缺乏自负的舞蹈和播放音乐的孩子。众议院之前的博物馆农民是这个主题最好的例子之一。
尽管他们声名远扬，但兄弟们的生活和工作的许多重要细节仍然是历史学家所遗忘的。这个全面的演示文稿及其近500页的目录提供了关于其艺术背后的作者，约会和意义的新奖学金。由于作品没有单独签名，因此将特定的绘画分配给特定的兄弟一直是一个争论的问题。通过直接比较兄弟的全部主要作品，进行了广泛的新研究，以解决作者的问题。参观者将有机会在荣誉军团的画廊中并排比较这些作品。展览还包括来自美术博物馆和金贝尔的绘画保管员的大量技术研究，详细介绍了兄弟的材料和工作方法。
在他们的时代，勒南兄弟们不仅被称为流派画家，而且还被描绘为肖像画家和宗教主题画家。他们最重要的灵修作品之一，圣母大教堂的诞生，圣母大教堂的祭坛画，将首次在美国展出。展览还包括卢浮宫博物馆，维多利亚和阿尔伯特博物馆以及英国女王伊丽莎白二世皇家收藏馆的贷款。
兄弟的赞助人包括奥地利的安妮，红衣主教马萨林，以及皇家火枪手队长le
comtedeTréville-亚历山大·杜马斯着名小说“三个火枪手”的灵感之一。特雷维尔的肖像将在六十多年来首次出现。
关于艺术家
勒南兄弟没有结婚，没有孩子，他们以紧密交织的方式生活和工作，共同制作他们那个时代最神秘，最引人注目的画作。据报道，他们出生在法国皮卡第地区的拉昂小镇，据说他们是一位不知名的艺术家，他可能是在家乡旅行。直到1629年，当Antoine
Le
Nain被描述为巴黎Saint-Germain-des-Prés公会的画家时，对兄弟的艺术活动知之甚少。他们被同行认可为当代艺术领域的领导者，三人都当选为法国首都皇家艺术学院的早期成员。
勒南兄弟：十七世纪法国画家
这些慷慨的插图展示了有关作者，约会的新研究，展出了超过60幅画作，突出了艺术家的全部作品，包括祭坛画，私人灵修画，肖像画，以及兄弟最为人所知的农民的凄美形象。和该领域知名学者的作品的意义。同样具有开创性的是对绘画进行技术研究的结果，这对勒南兄弟的奖学金做出了重大贡献。
本次展览由旧金山美术博物馆、金贝尔艺术博物馆和卢浮宫博物馆组织。提交赞助商：Diane B.
Wilsey。策展人圈：伯纳德奥谢基金会。保护者圈：Lionel Sauvage先生。恩人的圈子：Phoebe
Cowles和Robert Girard。
该展览得到了联邦艺术与人文学会的赔偿支持。
该目录在Andrew W. Mellon Foundation Endowment for
Publications的协助下出版。
展览作品选
 Le Nain “Bacchus和Ariadne” ca. 1635.布面油画，40 18 x
59 78英寸 法国奥尔良MuséedesBeaux-Arts
 Le Nain
 Le Nain 农民内部 约 1640. 布面油画 21 78 x25½in
华盛顿特区国家美术馆 Samuel H. Kress Collection
 Le Nain 农民内部与旧长笛演奏家 约1642.布面油画 21¼x24½in
KimbellArt Museum，Fort Worth
 Le Nain 三个男人和一个男孩 约1640-1645 布面油画 21¼x25
38英寸
 Le Nain 众议院之前的农民 约1640.布面油画 21 34 x 26 58 in.
FAMSF Mildred Anna Williams Collection
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本文图片及英文资料均来自旧金山美术博物馆官方网站，局部细节图片及中文资料系阴山工作室所加。某些英文单词中的分割线和中文被大写拼音替代的词是为了规避网站非法字符审核。参考译文由Google翻译插件自动生成，或有疏谬在所难免。
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