| 文档介绍：Spinal Vascular Malformations –Typical and Atypical Findings Contents Introduction Spinal vascular malformations are rare and still under-diagnosed entities which, if not treated properly, can lead to considerable morbidity with progressive spinal cord symptoms and myelopathy. Initial symptoms: acute onset of symptoms: intramedullary or subarachnoidal hemorrhages unspecific initial neurological symptoms: venous congestion with chronic myelopathy. Render an early diagnosis difficult. Introduction Classification & Vessel Anatomy In this article we use a classification that is similar to the one employed for vascular malformations of the brain. inborn lesions: arteriovenous malformations (AVM) cavernomas acquired lesions: dural arteriovenous (AV) fistulae Since the classification outlined |
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