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K keep 1. keep at sth 坚持做某事。如： Keep at it. 坚持做。 He kept at the job until finished. 他坚持把工作干完。 2. keep doing sth (1) 不断地或一直做某事(动作之间略有间隔)。如： They kept talking about it. 他们一直在谈论此事。 My shoe laces keep coming undone. 我的鞋带老是松开。 注：此用法可与 keep on doing sth 换用。 (2) 一直在做某事(无间隔)。如： He kept standing during the meeting. 开会时他一直站着。 He kept hoping that they would have chance to come to China some day. 我一直希望什么时候有机会到中国来。 注：此用法通常不能与 keep on doing sth 换用。 3. keep on doing sth (1) 不断地或一直做某事(动作之间略有间隔)。如： He kept on looking at us. 他老是瞧我们。 Don’t keep on asking questions like that. 不要老是问那样的问题。 注：此用法可与 keep doing sth 换用。 (2) 继续做某事(即将一直在做的事继续做下去)。如： He kept on working after dark. 天黑了我们还继续干。 Don’t give up; keep on trying. 别灰心，继续努力。 注：这样的 keep on doing 有时可与 go on doing 换用。如： The boys kept [went] on doing their homework in spite of interruptions. 尽管有干扰，孩子们仍继续做自己的作业。 4. keep from (doing) sth (1) 忍不住做某事。如： I couldn’t keep from laughing. 我忍不住笑了。 (2) 避开或防止(做)某事。如： He keeps from bad company. 他不与坏人为伍。 He kept from talking about it. 他避而不谈此事。 5. keep sb fromdoing 使某人不能做某事。如： The rain kept us from going out. 下雨使我们没法出去。 We must keep them from getting to know our plans. 我们一定不要让他们知道我们的计划。 6. keep sb (sth) doing sth 使某人(某事)不停地做某事。如： He kept the fire burning. 他让火燃着。 I’m sorry to have kept you waiting. 对不起让你等了。 7. keep sb (sth) done 使某人(某事)被……。如： Keep you mouth shut and your eyes open. 少说话，多干事。 She kept us supplied with food and money. 她为我们源源不断提供食物和钱。 8. keep back (1) (使)后退。如： Keep back. 后退。 The police kept the crowd back. 警察使群众后退。 (2) 忍住，隐瞒。如： She couldn’t keep back her tears. 她忍不住哭了。 I’ll keep nothing back from you. 我什么也不瞒你。 9. keep down 抑制，控制，使下降。如： He couldn’t keep down his anger. 他控制不了怒火。 The government is trying to keep prices down. 政府正在设法降低物价。 10. keep off 避开，防止，挡住。如： Danger, keep off. 危险，走开。 Please keep off that subject. 请避开那个话题。 He made a fire to keep off wild animals. 他烧了堆火使野兽不敢走近。( / D17) 11. keep on 继续。如： The rain kept on for several days. 雨一连下了好几天。 Keep on until you come to the station. 一直走到车站。 12. keep out 遮挡，使不进入。如 ： The trees keep out the wind. 这些树可以挡风。 Warm clothing will keep out the cold. 暖和衣服可以御寒。 13. keep out of 使不进入……。如： Keep the dog out of my room. 别让狗进入我的房间。 Try to keep out of other people’s quarrels. 设法不要卷入别人的争吵。 14. keep up 保持，继续。如： Rain kept up all night. 雨下了一整夜。 I hope the fine weather will keep up. 我希望好天气会保持下去。 15. keep up with 跟上，不落后。如： Try to keep up with the others. 设法不要落在别人后面。 It’s hard to keep up with the changes in computer technology. 要跟上电脑技术的发展不容易。 kind 1. be kind to sb 对某人友好。如： Be kind to animals. 要爱护动物。 He is kind to his parents. 他待他父母很好。 2. be kind enough to do sth / be so kind as to do sth (费心)做某事。如： Will you be kind enough to shut the door? / Will you beso kind as to shut the door? 请你关一下门好吗? Would you be kind enough to help me? / Would you be so kind as to help me? 请你帮帮我的忙好吗? 3. It’s kind of sb (to do sth) 某人(做某事)真是太好了，多谢某人(做某事)。如： It’s very kind of you (to say that). 你(这样说)真是太好了。 It’s very kind of him to help us. 多谢他帮了我们的忙。 4. a kind of (1) 一种。如： A dolphin is a kind of mammal. 海豚是一种哺乳动物。 (2) 类似……的东西，大致可以说是……。如： He is a kind of a poet. 他像个诗人。 5. all kinds of 各种各样的。如： We sell all kinds of hats. 我们卖各种帽子。 He likes to read all kinds of books. 他喜欢读各种书。 注：以上各句也可说成： We sell hats of all kinds. ) He likes to read books of all kinds. 6. kind of 有点儿，有几分。如 ： I feel kind of cold. 我感到有点冷。 She kind of hoped to be invited. 她有点希望被人邀请。 7. this kind of 这种……。如： This kind of book is interesting. 这种书很有趣。 This kind of computer is cheap. 这种电脑很便宜。 注：以上各句也可说成： Books of this kind are interesting. Computers of this kind are cheap. knock 1. knock at [on] 敲……。如： Someone is knocking at [on] the door. 有人在敲门。 Please knock (at / on the door) before entering. 进屋之前请先敲门。 There was a knock at [on] the door. 有人敲门。 2. knock down (1) 撞倒，击落，拆下。如： He was knocked down by a bus. 他被公共汽车撞倒。 They knocked down the old house. 他们把旧房子拆了。 (2) 降价，杀价。如： The price was knocked down to 20 dollars. 价格被压到20美元。 know 1. be known as 作为……出名。如： She was well known as an excellent dancer. 她作为一个杰出的舞蹈家非常有名。 2. be known for 因为……出名。如： He is known for his poems. 他以他的诗出名。 This place is known for its beautiful scenery. 这个地方因风景美丽而出名。 3. be known to 为……所知。如： He is known to everyone. 大家都熟悉他。 He is known to us as a story writer. 我们知道他是位小说家。 4. know wh-to do sth 知道……做某事。如： I didn’t know what to say. 我不知道说什么。 We don’t know when to start. 我们不知道什么时候出发。 注：表示“会做某事”，英语通常不用 know to do sth。如： 误：He knows to play the piano. 正：He knows how to play the piano. 他会弹钢琴。 5. know sb (sth) to be 知道是……。如： I know him to be honest. 我知道他是诚实的。 They knew themselves to be in a difficult position. 他们知道他们的处境很困难。 注：该句型可转换成宾语从句。如： I know (that) he is honest. They knew (that) they were in a difficult position. 6. know sb (sth) (to) do sth I never knew him (to) do such a thing. 我从未见过他干那种事。 I’ve never known it (to) snow in July before. 我以前从未听说过七月份会下雪。 注：该句型中 know 一般只限于用过去时或完成时，常译为“听说过”、“见过”等。 注：在被动语态中，不定式必须带 to。如： He has never been known to tell a lie. 从未有人听说过他说谎。 7. know about 了解，知道……的情况，知道……的消息。如： I don’t know about that. 那事我不知道。 I want to know about this thing now from beginning to end. 现在我想从头至尾地了解这件事的情况。 8. know from 区分。如： The boy doesn’t know his left from his right. 这男孩左右不分。 We must know a friend from an enemy. 我们要分清敌友。 9. know of 听说过，知道有……。如： A：Do you know Mr White? 你认识怀特先生吗? B：No, but I know of him. 不认识，但听说过。 knowledge 1. come to one’s knowledge 为某人知晓。如： The story came to our knowledge later. 我们后来知道了这件事。 It has come to our knowledge that you have been cheating the company. 据我们了解你一直在欺骗公司。 2. the knowledge of 有关……的知识。如： My knowledge of English is very poor. 我的英语知识很差。 He is interested in the knowledge of chemistry. 他对化学知识很感兴趣。 注：英语通常不说： 误：English knowledge / chemistry knowledge 3. to one’s knowledge 据某人所知。如： To my knowledge, he has never been late before. 据我所知他从未迟过到。 A：Have you ever met him before? 你以前见过他吗? B：Not to my knowledge. 我记得没有。
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