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1. at table 在吃饭。如： He seldom talks at table. 他吃饭时很少说话。 They were at table when we called. 我们去访时，他们正在吃饭。 2. at the table 在桌边。如： The boy was sitting at the table drawing. 那小孩正坐在桌旁画画。 注：美国英语中也可用 at the table 表示“在吃饭”。 3. set [lay] the table 摆桌子，摆餐具(准备开饭)。如： Mother is setting [laying] the table. 母亲在摆桌子。 take 1. take back 收回，接回，退回。如： I’m sorry, I take back what I said. 对不起，我收回我说过的话。 They wouldn’t take back the shirt. 衬衫他们不让退货。 2. take down (1) 写下，记下。如： He took down everything the teacher said. 他把老师说的所有话都记了下来。 I didn’t take down his phone number. 我没有记下他的电话号码。 (2) 拆下，拆掉。如： The machine takes down easily. 这机器很容易拆。 They decided to take down the dangerous bridge. 他们决定把这座危险的桥拆掉。 3. take in (1) 收留。如： So he took in the boy (dog). 所以他就收留了这个男孩(这条狗)。 (2) 包括。如： The list takes in everyone. 每个人都上了名单。 (3) 理解。如： We find it difficult to take in what he teaches. 我们发现他教的东西很难理解。 (4) 欺骗，使上当。如： Don’t be taken in by his promises. 别被他的诺言所欺骗。 4. take off (1) 脱下。如： Take off your wet clothes. 脱下你的湿衣服。 He took off his glasses and looked up. 他取下眼镜， 抬头看了看。 (2) 起飞。如： When did the plane take off? 飞机是什么时候起飞的? (3) 打折扣，扣掉，去掉。如： Can you take five dollars off the price? 你可以减价五美元吗? (4) 请假，休息。如： I want to take a day off (from work). 我想休假一天。 5. take on (1) 聘用，雇用。如： The company decided to take on a new secretary. 这家公司决定聘一个新秘书。 (2) 呈现，显现，具有。如： This word had taken a new meaning. 这个词有了新的意义。 Her face took on a new expression. 她的脸上露出了新的表情。 (3) 承担或担任(工作或责任等)。如： He advised me not to take too much work. 他劝我不要做太多的工作。 6. take over 接替，接管，继承。如： Who will take over his job? 他的工作由谁来接替? Would you like me to take over the driving for a while? 你愿意让我接替你开一会儿车吗? 7. take to (1) 喜欢。如： He took to Mary as soon as they met. 他一见玛丽就爱上了她。 (2) 养成习惯，沉溺于。如： He soon took to drinking again. 不久他又喝起酒来。 (3) 去(某处)。如： He was ill and had to take to bed. 他病倒了，只好卧床。 8. take up (1) 开始(学习或从事等)。如： He dropped medicine and took up physics. 他放弃学医，开始学物理。 For a long time I had wanted to take up writing. 很久以来我一直想从事写作。 (2) 继续。如： We took up our journey the next day. 第二天我们继续赶路。 This chapter takes up where the last one left off. 本章接续上一章谈到的内容。 (3) 占去(时间或空间)。如： The table takes too much room. 这桌子太占地方了。 The work took up all of Sunday. 这活儿占去了整个星期天。 (4) 接纳(乘客等)，接受(挑战，建议，条件等)。如： The bus stopped to take up passengers. 公共汽车停下来让乘客上车。 He has taken up the bet. 他已接受打赌的条件。 (5) 提出(商讨)，讨论。如： There’s another matter which we ought to take up. 还有一件事我们要提出来商量。 9. take sb sth / take sth to sb 给某人带(送)去某物。如： Take your father this glass of water. / Take this glass ofwater to your father. 把这杯水给你父亲送去。 Take her some flowers. / Take some flowers to her. 带一些花给她。 10. take sb (sth) for [to be]……把某人(某物)当作……。如： He took her smile for agreement. 他把她的微笑视为同意。 Of course I didn’t tell her your secret ---- what do youtake me for? 当然我没有把你的秘密告诉她---你都把我当什么人了? I took him for an honest man [to be honest]. 我看他为人老实。 I took him for Mr Smith. 我错把他看成是史密斯先生。 注：按传统说法：take……for 往往指不合事实地“错误认为”，而 take……to be [as]则可能指正确地也可能指不正确地“认为”，但现代英语已不完全遵循此规则。 11. It takes (sb) some time to do sth 做某事花(某人)时间。如： It took me two hours to do the maths exercises. 做数学练习花了我两个小时。 It will take three hours to go there by bus. 坐公共汽车去要花三个小时。 注：该句型在现代英语中可有多种变体。比较： It took him half an hour to mend his bike. / It took half an hour for him to mend the bike. 他修理自行车花了半个小时。 It took him 10 minutes to solve the problem. / He took 10 minutes solving [to solve] the problem. 他花10分钟解出了这道题。 It took me an hour to write the letter. / The letter took me an hour (to write). / I took an hour to write the letter. 我写这封信花了一个小时。 按传统语法，以上句型只用于花时间，不用于花钱，但这在现代英语中已有所改变。如： It took him a lot of money to buy her a fur coat. / It took a lot of money for him to buy her a fur coat. 他给她买一件皮外套花了不少钱。 12. It takes sth (sb) to do sth 某做某事花精力(需要人等)。如： It takes two to make a quarrel. 一个巴掌拍不响。 It took three men to lift the box. 抬这个箱子要三个人。 It would take a strong man to do the work. 身强力壮的人才做得了这工作。 talk 1. talk about sth 谈论某事。如： What are you talking about? 你们在谈什么? Let’s not talk about it now. 这事我们现在别谈了。 2. talk of sb (sth) 谈到某人或某事。如： We often talk of you. 我们经常谈起你。 He talked of going abroad. 他曾谈到要出国。 3. talk to [with] sb 与某人说话或谈话。如： I want to talk to your father. 我想同你父亲谈谈。 He likes to talk to [with] girls. 他喜欢同女孩子说话。 4. talk sb into (out of) (doing) sth 说得使某人(某事)……。如： The man talked right into wrong. 这个人说得是非颠倒。 She talked him out of killing himself. 她说服他不自杀。 He talked his wife out of (into) buying a car. 他说服他妻子不买(买)车。 5. talk over 讨论，商量。如： I have an important matter to talk over with you. 我有件重要事要与你谈谈。 taste 1. taste like 尝起来像……。如： This tastes like an orange. 这东西尝起来像是个桔子。 2. taste of 有……的味道，体验到……。如： It tastes of lemon. 这东西有柠檬的味道。 He tastes of poverty. 他尝到了贫穷的滋味。 3. have a taste for 喜欢，爱好。如： He has a taste for music. 他爱好音乐。 She has a taste for foreign travel. 她喜欢到国外旅行。 比较：have a taste of 尝尝……。如： Just have a taste of this cake. 尝尝这块蛋糕吧。 4. to one’s taste 合某人的口味，合某人的意。如： The soup is quite to my taste. 这汤很合我的口味。 The plan is just to my taste. 这个计划正合我的意。 比较：to taste 按口味，适量地(用于烹饪法等的说明)。如： Add salt to taste. 加适量的盐。 tea 1. drink tea 喝茶。如： The English like to drink tea. 英国人喜欢喝茶。 注：有可说 have tea, take tea。 2. make (the) tea 沏茶，泡茶 Mother is making (the) tea. 母亲在泡茶。 注：有时也说 draw tea, 但一般不用 cook tea。 3. black tea 红茶。如： Whick do you like, black tea or green tea? 红茶和绿茶，你更喜欢哪种? 注：英语习惯上不用 red tea 表示“红茶”。 teach 1. teach sb sth / teach sth to sb 教某人某事物。如： Mr Smith teaches me French. / Mr Smith teaches French tome. 史密斯先生教我法语。 Who teaches you swimming? / Who teaches swimming to you? 谁教你游泳? 2. teach sb (how) to do sth 教某人做某事。如： Who taught you to do it? 谁教你做的? I’ll teach you (how) to play the piano. 我教你弹钢琴。 3. teach oneself 自学。如： He decided to teach himself English. 他决定自学英语。 team 1. on [in] the team 在某个队。如： We are in [on] the same team. 我们在同一个队。 He is in [on] the school football team. 他是校足球队的队员。 注：在英国英语中多用介词 in, 在美国英语中多用介词on。 telephone 1. answer the telephone 接电话。如： He asked me to answer the telephone. 他叫我接电话。 Who answered the telephone? 接电话的是谁? 2. on the telephone (1) 在打电话。如： Who is that on the telephone? 你是哪位? He was on the telephone when I arrived. 我到达时他正在打电话。 注：You are wanted on the telephone. 为电话常用语， 意为“你的电话”或“有人打电话找你”。 (2) 通过电话。如： I can’t tell you on the telephone. 在电话上我不能告诉你。 注：也可用 over the telephone 或 by telephone 表示“通过电话”。 (3) 接上电话，接通电话。如： They’ve just moved and they’re not on the telephone. 他们刚刚搬家，还没有接通电话。 3. telephone sb sth / telephone sth to sb打电话把某事告诉某人。如： He telephoned me the news. / He telephoned the news to me. 他打电话告诉了我这条消息。 4. telephone sb to do sth 打电话要某人做某事。如： We will telephone him to come at once. 我们将打电话要他马上来。 I telephoned her to buy some tickets. 我打电话叫她买几张票。 注：以上所有用法中的 telephone 均可换为 phone, 尤其是在口语中。 television 1. on (the) television 在电视上，电视播放。如： What’s on (the) telephone tonight? 今晚有什么电视节目? The match was on the television last night, did you see it? 昨晚的电视播放了那场比赛，你看了吗? 注：原来 on television 中通常不用冠词，但在现代英语中，用冠词的现象已很普遍。 2. watch television 看电视。如： Generally speaking children like to watch television. 一般说来，小孩子喜欢看电视。 We often spend the evening watching television. 我们通常看电视度过夜晚。 tell 1. tell sb sth / tell sth to sb 告诉某人某事。如： He told his parents the good news. / He told the good news to his parents. 他把这个好消息告诉了他父母。 Did you tell her your name? / Did you tell your name to her? 你把你的名字告诉她了吗? 2. tell sb to do sth 告诉某人做某事。如： Tell her to wait a moment. 叫她等一会儿。 The teacher told the students to keep quiet. 老师叫学生安静。 3. tell sb of [about] sth告诉某人某情况。如： We must tell them about [of] our decision. 我们应当把我们的决定告诉他们。 She told us about [of] the difficulties she had met within her work. 她给我们谈了她在工作中遇到的困难。 4. tell……from……区分，辨别。如： It’s difficult to tell Jean from Joan; they look so alike. 很难分清谁是珍妮谁是琼，她们俩长得那么相像。 How can we tell the good from the bad? 我们怎样才能区分好坏? temperature 1. have [run] a temperature 发高烧。如： He had [ran] a (high) temperature for three days. 他一连三天发高烧。 2. take one’s temperature 量某人的体温。如： Have you taken his temperature? 你给他测量体温了吗? The nurse took the temperatures of all the patients. 护士给所有的病人测量体温。 thank 1. thank you 谢谢你(用于感谢，接受好意或邀请，回答问候，祝愿，祝贺，提议等)。如： A：Here’s your pen. 这是你的钢笔。 B：Thank you. 谢谢。 A：You speak very good English. 你的英语说得很好。 B：Thank you. 谢谢。 A：Congratulations on your success. 贺祝你获得成功。 B：Thank you. 谢谢。 A：Have a drink. 喝一杯吧。 B：Thank you. Beer, please. 谢谢，请来杯啤酒。 注：thank you 通常可用 thanks 代替。 2. no, thank you. 不用了，谢谢(用于客气地拒绝提议或邀请等)。如： A：Do you want any milk? 你要牛奶吗? B：No, thank you. 不用了，谢谢。 A：Let’s go for a drive. 我们开车去玩玩吧。 B：No, thank you. 不了，谢谢。 注：no, thank you 通常可说成 no, thank。 3. thank sb for sth (1) 因为某事感谢某人。如： Thank you for your help. 谢谢你的帮助。 He thanked her for her advice. 他感谢她给他提建议。 注：有时用于 thank sb for doing sth。如： Thank you for telling me. 谢谢你告诉我。 I must write and thank her for sending me the check. 我一定写信感谢她给我寄来了支票。 (2) 请某人做某事(通常用于将来时态)。如： I’ll thank you for that book. 请把那本书送给我吧。 注：有时可用 thank sb to do sth。如： I’ll thank you to mind your own business. 请你少管闲事。 4. thank God 谢天谢地。如： Thank God you’re safe. 谢天谢地，你平安无事。 Thank God my son is alive. 谢天谢地，我儿子还活着。 注：也可说成 thank goodness, thank heaven 等。 thankful 1. be thankful (to sb) (for sth) (因为某事而)感谢(某人)。如： You should be thankful for your good fortune. 你应该庆幸你的好运气。 I’m thankful to you for all this help. 谢谢你的这一切帮助。 2. be thankful to do sth 因为做某事而感到庆幸(高兴)。如： I was thankful to make any sort of progress at all. 我取得任何一点进步我都感到高兴。 You should be thankful to have arrived safely. 你能平安到达应该感到庆幸。 thanks 1. thanks to 由于，因为，多亏。如： Thanks to you, I was saved from drowning. 多幸了你我才没淹死。 Thanks to a good teacher, he passed the examination. 多亏有位好老师，他才通过了考试。 I was late thanks to the traffic. 由于交通的原因我才迟到的。 theatre 1. go to the theatre 去看戏。如： We often go to the theatre. 我们经常去看戏。 Let’s go to the theatre. 我们去看戏吧。 2. in the theatre (1) 在剧院里。如： They checked their coats before taking their seats in the theatre. 他们在剧院就座看戏之前把外套作了寄存。 (2) 当演员，干戏剧工作。如： He is in the theatre(=He is an actor). 他是演员。 She has been in the theatre all her life. 她干了一辈子的戏剧工作。 think 1. think of (1) 想，考虑(有时也用 think about)。如： What are you thinking of [about]? 你在想什么? Don’t think of [about] it any more. 别再想它了。 注：有时后接动名词。如： I’ve been thinking of changing my job. 我一直想换个工作。 We are thinking about buying a car. 我们在考虑买辆汽车。 (2) 为……着想。如： We mustn’t just think of ourselves. 我们不能只考虑自己。 He’s a kind person. He’s always thinking of others. 他是个好人，他总是考虑别人。 (3) 想起，记起。如： We often think of you. 我们经常想起你。 I can’t think of his name at the moment. 我一时想不起他的名字。 注；有时也可用 think about。如： Do you ever think about your childhood. 你是否回忆过你童年的事? (4) 认为，看待。如： I don’t think much of the plan. 我认为这个计划不怎么好。 注：有时与 as 连用。如： I think of him as a good teacher. 我认为他是个好老师。 It was thought of as impossible. 人们认为这是不可能的。 2. think over 仔细考虑。如： I’d like to think it over. 我想好好考虑一下。 Please think over what I said. 请仔细考虑我说的话。 3. think out 想清楚，想出。如： Think out your answer before you began writing. 想好答案后再动笔。 We must think out a plan. 我们必须想出一个办法来。 注：在美国英语中也说 think through。如： We’ve thought the matter through. 我们已仔细考虑过此事。 4. think sb to be / be thought to be 认为某人……。如： I think her to be honest. / She is thought to be honest. 我认为她是诚实的。 We think him to be a good man. / He is thought to be a good man. 我们认为他是个好人。 注：该结构中的不定式通常为 to be, 一般不用 to do, 除非是被动式。如： He was thought to have left. 人们认为他已离开了。 5. think to do sth 想要(料想要)做某事。如： I thought to leave earlier. 我本想要早点出发的。 I never thought to see you here. 我从没想到会在这儿见到你。 注：这种用法在现代英语不多见。 6. What do you think of sb (sth) 你认为某人(某事)如何? What do you think of the book? 你觉得这本书如何? 注：有时也用介词 about。如： What do you think of [about] this plan? 你觉得这个计划怎么样? throw 1. throw sth at sb 向某人扔某物(有挑衅或带恶意)。如： He threw the ball at her. 他用球砸她。 Someone threw a stone at me. 有人向我扔了块石头。 2. throw sth to sb 把某物扔给某人(无挑衅之意)。如： Throw the ball to me. 把球(抛)给我。 He threw an apple to me. 请把一个苹果扔给我。 注：该结构也可改为双宾语形式。如： Throw me the ball. He threw me an apple. tie 2. tie up (1) 捆，系，拴。如： I tied up the parcel. 他捆好了包裹。 The robber tied up the shopkeeper. 强盗把店主捆了起来。 注：这样用的 tie up, 其中的副词 up 通常可以省略。 My dress ties (up) in the back. 我的连衣裙带子在后面。 (2) 联系，联结。如： Our firm is tied up with an American company. 本公司与一家美国公司有密切联系。 The police are trying to tie up his escape from prison with the murder. 警察正把他越狱一事同这件谋杀案联在一起。 (3) 阻碍，使停顿。如： The traffic was tied up by the accident. 事故使交通阻塞。 2. tie sth to [onto] sth 把某物捆(拴)在某物上。如： He tied his horse to a tree. 他把马拴在树上。 He tied a label onto the handle of the suitcase. 他把标签系在衣箱提手上。 3. tie sth with sth 用某物捆某物。如： The parcel was tied with colored ties. 这个包裹用彩色的带了捆着。 The package came tied with a red ribbon. 包裹来了， 是用一根红带子捆扎的。 time 1. all the time (1) 总是，一向，向来。如： He stays in all the time. 他总是呆在家里。 He is a businessman all the time. 他一向是做生意的。 (2) (在某段时间内)一直。如： It was raining all the time. 天一直下着雨。 The girl kept crying all the time. 这女孩一直在哭。 2. at a time 每一次，连续。如： The people came in two at a time. 人们每次进来两个。 He spoke two hours at a time. 他连续讲了两个小时。 3. at all times 随时，永远。如： I’m at your service at all times. 我随时为你效劳。 He has a cool head at all times. 他不论什么时候都有清醒的头脑。 4. at any time 随时。如： He may turn up at any time. 他随时会来。 The doctor said the baby could die at any time. 医生说这婴儿随时可能死掉。 5. at no time 在任何时候都不，从未。如： At no time have I said such a thing. 我从未说过这样的话。 At no time will China be the first use nuclear weapons. 中国绝不首先使用核武器。 注：因 at no time 具有否定意味，所以置于句首时，其后用倒装句式。 6. at one time 一度，过去曾经。如： At one time I lived in Japan. 我曾一度住在日本。 At one time there were not so many cars on the streets. 从前街上没有这么多车子。 7. at the same time (1) 同时，一起。如； Don’t all speak at the same time. 大家别同时说。 She was laughing and crying at the same time. 她一面笑一面哭。 (2) 虽然……还，但是。如： He can be very rude, but at the same time, I can’t help liking him. 虽然他有时他很粗鲁，但我还是喜欢他。 8. at the time 当时，在那时，在那段时间。如： I agreed at the time but later changed my mind. 我当时同意了，但后来却改变了主意。 9. at times 有时。如： At times I can’t understand her. 有时我无法理解她。 At times he goes to the cinema with her. 有时他与她一起去看电影。 10. behind time 迟，晚。如： The train is ten minutes behind time. 火车晚点10分钟。 He is always behind time with the rent. 他总是晚交房租。 注：反义词为 ahead of time(提前)。如： It bridge was completed two years ahead of time. 大桥提前两年完工。 11. behind the time(s) 落后于时代，过时，落伍。如： These books are behind the times. 这些书过时了。 注：反义词为 ahead of one’s time(具有超前意识的)。如： He is far ahead of the time. 他远远地跑在时代前面。 12. every time (1) 每次，总是。如： He comes late every time. 他每次都迟到。 (2) 每次，每当。如： Every time I call on him, he is out. 我每次去拜访他，他都不在。 13. for a time 一段时间，一度，暂时。如： He lived in the country for a time. 他在乡下住过一段时间。 He got better for a time. 他暂时好些了。 14. for the time being 暂时。如： He will stay here for the time being. 他将暂时留在这儿。 He’ll be in charge of the company for the time being. 他将暂时负责这家公司。 15. from time to time 有时，偶尔。如： He comes here from time to time. 他有时到这儿来。 He wrote to me from time to time. 他偶尔给我写信。 16. have a good time 玩得高兴，过得愉快。如： We had a nice time at the party. 我们在晚会上很快活。 We had a pleasant evening together on New Year’s Eve. 除夕晚上我们在一起玩得很开心。 17. in no time 立即，马上。如： We’ll do the work in no time. 我们会马上做此工作。 In no time he worked out the problem. 他立即算出了那道题。 18. in time (1) 及时，按时。如： Tell him to come in time. 叫他及时来。 Will I be in time for [to catch] the train? 我赶得上火车吗? (2) 不久，总有一天，迟早。如： In time you’ll forget him. 过一段时间你就会忘记他的。 If you keep on, you will succeed in time. 如果坚持下去，你总有一天会成功的。 19. on time (1) 准时，按时。如： Don’t worry, the film never begins on time. We’ll be in time for it. 别急，电影从不准时开映，我们会及时赶到的。 (2) 用分期付款的方式。如： I bought a car on time. 我以分期付款的方式买了一辆汽车。 20. It’s time for sth 是做某事的时候了，该做某事了。如： It’s time to go to bed. 该上床睡觉了。 It’s time to do something about it. 该对此采取行动了。 21. It’s time to to do sth 是做某事的时候了，该做某事了。如： It’s time for class. 是上课的时候了。 It’s time for a change. 该换个口味了。 比较：It’s time for sports. / It’s time to have sports. 是进行体育活动的时候了。 22. It’s time that-clause 是做某事的时候了，该做某事了。如： It’s time I left. / It’s time I should leave. 我该走了。 It’s time that he studied hard. / It’s time that he should study hard. 他学习该用功了。 注：that 从句通常用过去式或用 should＋动词原形。  |
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