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小编说 任务型阅读旨在考查学生对文章中的信息进行分析、加工和处理的能力。与传统的阅读理解题相比，任务型阅读题目设置更加多样化，考查更加全面，难度也相对较高。下面通过中考英语任务型阅读真题例析，教你解题技巧。希望能助力同学们取得更好的成绩！ 中考真题例析Oct. 16 is World Food Day. The UN started the day in 1979. It’s used to remind people not to waste food and fight hunger. A big number of people in the world still don’t have enough food to eat. Food shortage (匮乏) is a big problem worldwide. Right now, there are more than 1,000 million hungry people in the world according to the UN. Many children go to sleep hungry, and 15 million of them die of hunger each year. There are several reasons why there are food shortages. First, there have been more droughts (干旱) and floods recently. Also, a growing population makes feeding everyone more difficult. Another big reason is food waste. Most people don’t realize how much food they throw away every day. Sometimes we cook too much, or we don’t use it before it goes bad. The average (平均的) person throws away 50kg of food every year. According to the UN, more than one third of all food produced worldwide goes to waste each year. That is over 1,300,000 million kilograms of food being wasted. The amount of food wasted in Europe can feed 200 million people, and the food wasted in Latin America can feed 300 million a year. So think twice next time you want to throw away food. By cutting down on food waste, we could help put food on the empty plates of some hungry children. Only order as much food as you can eat at a restaurant. If you can’t eat all you order, take the rest home. Don’t be too picky about food so that you don’t leave any on your plate. Somefood may not taste great, but your body needs it. Keep an eye on what food you have at home. Don’t buy too much. Don’t cook too much. When you throw away food, you are not just wasting the food itself. Resources (资源) are also wasted while growing, transporting and cooking the food. These things all take energy, time and water. 解题指导解答该题型的题目需按照“研表→读文→填表”的思路来进行： 1. 研表 快速阅读表格，通过分析表格的项目内容和结构特征把握信息范围及对文章的理解方向。 2. 读文 快速浏览全文，把握短文大意；再读文章内容，进行细节定位。 3. 填表 抓住有效细节，准确填好表格。此类题考查学生通过快速阅读捕捉信息的能力，同时要求学生对文中信息进行理解转换，并进行适当的逻辑推理和归纳总结。填表过程中，需特别注重3C法，即copy, change, create。 (1) copy：表格中的某些句子完全是按文章的原句进行表述的，所以试题中内容的形式、时态等与文章中的内容保持一致即可； (2) change：有些试题则需要在分析原文句子的基础上，使用相关的同义句或近义词等进行填写； (3) create：某些试题需要学生自行选择合适的表述方式，对原文进行归纳总结或转述，在不失原意的基础上把答案用不同方式正确地表述出来。 答案解析本文是一篇说明文。文章分析了粮食短缺的原因，用具体的数字和实例呼吁人们节约粮食，用行动帮助那些食不果腹的人。 1.Introduction / Background 本题要求学生根据文章内容概括标题，通读全文可知，短文是对世界粮食日的介绍。 2. purpose 本题考查对文章第一段的理解。本段讲述的是联合国设立世界粮食日的目的。 3. the amount 本题考查对文章第四段的理解。这一段用具体的数字揭示了人们每年浪费粮食的数量。 4. keep or cook 本题考查对文章第五段的理解。第五段给出了几点关于防止食物浪费的建议，其中一个建议就是不要在家保存或烹饪过多食物。 5. wasted resources 本题考查对文章最后一段的理解。最后一段指出，浪费粮食并非仅仅浪费粮食本身，同时也是在浪费资源。 |
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