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Paper Reading Enhancement of the gut barrier integrity by a microbialmetabolite through the Nrf2 pathway SinghR, Chandrashekharappa S, Bodduluri SR, Baby BV, Hegde B, Kotla NG, Hiwale AA,Saiyed T, …, Haribabu B, Vemula PK, Jala VR Nat Commun, 2019 Urolithin A (UroA) is a metabolite of ellagic acid from pomegranatefrutts, and it display anti-inflammatory activities. In this study, the authorsexamined the activities of UroA and its synthetic analogue UAS03 and found thatboth UroA and UAS03 decreased LPS induced IL-6 and TNF-α in BMDMs. Theanti-inflammatory activities were also identified in vivo in a LPS-inducedperitonitis mouse model. Further, they found that UroA induced the tightjunction proteins of epithelial cell line (HT29). Then they performed theRNA-seq and pathway analysis, and found that UroA induced the AhR and Nrf2pathways. Further, they demonstrated that effects of UroA and UAS03 on barrierfunctions were AhR-Nrf2 dependent, and treatment with these compoundsattenuated colitis in mouse models by remedying barrier dysfunction in additionto anti-inflammatory activities. Their study provides the potential strategy totreat the colonic disease via the AhR pathway.  Associationbetween the ratio of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in Th17 cells to AhR inTreg HaitaoYu, Lili Jiang, Ruiqi Liu, Aimin Yang, Xuemei Yang, Liming Wang, Wei Zhang, TuanjieChe cellsand SLE skin lesions Skinlesions are typical clinical manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE) and the abnormal levels of Th17 and Treg serve an important role in thepathogenesis of SLE. However, it is unclear the molecule that regulates Th17and Treg in SLE. In this study, the authors detected the expression of AhR inPBMCs in patients with SLE. They found that the AhR had higher expression inPBMCs of patients with SLE. Moreover, compared with healthy controls, thepercentage of AhR-high expressing Th17 cells to total Th17 cells in patients wasremarkably higher, while there was no difference in the percentage of AhR-overexpressing Treg cells. They analyzed the AhR ratio (the comparison with thefrequencies of Th17 and Treg with AhR-overexpression), and found that it washigher in SLE and was positively correlated with SLE activity. In addition, AhRratio was significantly higher in SLE patients with skin lesions and ultravioletallergy, which suggested that AhR ratio may be a potential biomarker forpredicting SLE skin injury.  |
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