高考完形填空的解题技巧【请勿外传】

完形填空的解题技巧

完形填空题是一种集知识和能力为一体，立意新、要求高的综合性语言测试题。它是一种高难度的障碍性阅读题，此题旨在测试学生的综合应用语言能力，同时又检测他们的分析判断能力和连贯性思维能力。

（一）完形填空题的题型特点

1. 首句完整

“完形填空”所选短文一般无标题，但首句通常不设空，目的是让考生迅速进入主题，熟悉语言环境，建立正确的思维导向。

2. 语境选择

近几年的高考完形填空题主要考查考生对上下文的理解，要求考生通过语境来作出选择。“语境能力型”试题具有相当难度，因为完形填空所给的四个选项往往在语法方面都能成立，错误选项多半可以和空前、空后文字形成某种搭配，极具干扰和迷惑作用。做完形填空题，需要我们立足语篇环境，树立全局观念，瞻前顾后，连贯思维，从语境角度来选择答案。

3. 动名为主

完形填空所给的选项一般是同一词类，或属同一范畴。测试点往往集中于某些词类。高考完形填空题考查动词（5—8个）、名词（4—6个）、然后是形容词，副词等。而介词、连词、冠词等虚词则相对考得较少。这是因为现在的完形填空主要考察语境，而在通常情况下只有实词才能较好地体现语境。

4. 难处暗示

难选之处前后多有暗示。这种暗示多为后面暗示前面，也就是说前面的填空从当时的情况来看，或是线索不清，或是语境不明，无法填出，但只要我们继续往下读，我们就会发现此空在后面的某个地方有暗示。

5. 选材适中

近几年来的高考完型填空题材多为具有一定故事情节的记叙文或具有一定哲理和教育意义，夹叙夹议，以叙为主的议论文。词数在200-300之间。设空距离为10个词左右。短文内容结构严谨，逻辑性强，层次分明。材料难度与高三教材相当，所选短文的英语语言符合高三学生的实际水平。

(二) 完型填空题解题步骤

1. 细读首句，预测主题

“完形填空”所选短文一般无标题，但首句通常不设空，目的是让考生迅速进入主题，建立正确的思维导向。同时也不可忽视尾句前后呼应的作用。

2. 通读全文，试选答案

根据全文大意，以全文为背景，把所给四个选项分别套入空格所在的句子中试填，初步完形空格。试填选项时，一定要注意在语境理解上下功夫，要抓住上下文的内容联系和逻辑关系。在阅读全文时，不要忽略连接词、代词、插入语、转折语等的作用。因为这些词往往是改变语境的关键词，具有因果、让步、递进、转折、指代、列举、承上启下的特殊功能。

如：but, yet, however, whereas, while 等表示转折或对比；besides, moreover,what is more等表示信息增加; so, so that, therefore, as a result等表示推理结果。平时练习中要注意分辨这类词的细微差别，这样才有利于保证选项的准确性。要弄清空格处待填的是什么词、起何作用，同时也要注意习惯表达法，语法知识等，从而筛选出符合文意的选项。

4. 细读全文，推敲难题

有些空格在初步完形时就可以定局，可部分空格答案还不明朗。做到这一步，我们已能将短文中被挖去的词“复位”了一些，对语境的了解更清晰，更准确了。我们要充分利用这一有利条件，联系上下文意，根据常识，运用逻辑推理，结合语境和已选答案所提供的信息，对候选项再次进行仔细推敲，缜密考虑，选出最佳答案。若有些答案实在难以确定，可采用“排除法”，首先排除在语法或内容上明显不符合要求的答案，然后再比较、定夺。可按空格所在位置，从词语搭配、上下文意、习惯用法、词义辨析和语法结构等方面，耐心细致地逐项分析，以求对应。可先读所要填词的句子，复读上一句，兼顾下一句，即“瞻前顾后”，确保答案的准确无误

2019年海淀区高三一模英语

第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

AGame of Light and Shade

It was a sunny day. Ihad gone up and down the tower when, outside the door at the foot, a blind mancame toward me. In a moment, he disappeared up the stairs. I looked at the signthat said “To the Tower”, and decided to ___11___ him.

I caught up with himin the ticket office. There I was ___12___ to see the attendant (工作人员) selling him a ticket as if he were any other visitor. Then, withthe ticket in one hand and ___13___ the wall with the fingers of theother, the blind man reached the stairs ___14___ to the hallway.

“That man is blind.What would a blind man climb up the tower for?” I said to the attendant,expecting him to show some ___15___, but he didn’t answer.

“Not the ___16___certainly,” I said. “Perhaps he wants to ___17___.”

I bought a ticket and___18___ up the stairs. The man hadn’t gone as far as I___19___.A third of the way up the tower, I heard his ___20___. I slowed down andfollowed him at a little ___21___. He stopped from time to time. When hegot to the balcony (阳台), I was a dozen steps ___22___.As I reached it, I saw him at the corner of the tower.

At last, after tenminutes, I ___23___ him. “Excuse me,” I said as politely as I could,“but I am curious to know ___24___ you came up.”

He smiled. “Coming upthe stairs, you will notice how not just light but sun___25___ into thetower through the narrow windows here and there, so that you can feel the ___26___—thecool stairs suddenly become quite warm—and how up here behind the wall there is___27___, but as soon as going opposite a window you can find the sun.There is no ___28___ so good as this for feeling the difference betweenlight and shade. It is not the first time I’ve come up.”

The blind man seemedquite ___29___, just like a child who was enjoying his favorite games.He told me the truth that blind men can also find the beauty in life___30___they cannot enjoy the sights of the world.

11.A. accept B. follow

C. control D. visit

12.A. frightened B. disappointed

C. surprised D. embarrassed

13.A. touching B. climbing

C. hitting D. covering

14.A. pointing B. attaching

C. contributing D. leading

15.A. respect B. doubt

C. concern D. sympathy

16.A. view B. test

C. prize D. trick

17.A. kick B. jump

C. relax D. escape

18.A. struggled B. explored

C. wandered D. hurried

19.A. promised B. examined

C. imagined D. confirmed

20.A. steps B. words

C. secrets D. cheers

21.A. standard B. distance

C. expense D. intention

22.A. ahead B. around

C. outside D. behind

23.A. recognized B. surrounded

C. approached D. witnessed

24.A. why B. how

C. when D. whether

25.A. knocks B. pours

C. slides D. bursts

26.A. trend B. reaction

C. change D. honor

27.A. light B. space

C. mess D. shade

28.A. place B. signal

C. object D. period

29.A. nervous B. content

C. curious D. patient

30.A. unless B. because

C. once D. although

【答案】11.B 12. C 13. A 14. D 15. C 16. A 17. B 18. D 19. C 20. A 21. B 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. D

【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者跟随着一位盲人登塔，盲人告诉他尽管盲人们无法享受世界上的风景，但他们也能找到生活里的美。

【点睛】本文小题20考查了上下文状语从句连词，根据句意可知上下文之间是转折关系，要用although引导让步状语从句。在完成完形填空时，我们要探究前后逻辑，确定连接词汇 ；连接词是构成语篇的纽带，也是相关语句信息的结合点。命题人常在这些“关节”上设置题目，考查学生的语用能力。因此，考生在解题时，要仔细分析，推理前后的逻辑关系，确定最佳选项。

例1： She had excellent grades,__24__she always thought that something was missing.

（天津卷）

24. A. or B. so C. for D. but

析： 根据空前的excellent grades和空后的always和something was missing，可推知“她”成绩虽突出，可对生活仍不满足，故选择转折连词but，答案为D。

例2： “Would you mind telling me when you are thinking of leaving?__40__are you going to sit in your car all day?” （全国卷II）

40. A. For B. Or C. But D. So

析：根据空前的leaving和空后的sit in your car all day，说明对方在询问并让“我”做出选择，从而推知答案为表示选择关系的连词or。

2019年东城区高三一模英语

第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Duringmy second year in high school, I got sick and missed a few days. When I ___11___, I was greeted with two essays due, three daysof math and history homework, plus several tests. ___12___ I went home from school that day exhausted, I had to stay upreally late to finish them all.

Thenext day at school, I got a rude awakening: I’d totally forgotten to preparefor the ___13___ on Romeoand Juliet, which I’d take ___14___ my lunch hour! Worsestill, I had ___15___ the in-class discussion and all the notes. Whenlunch came, I went to the English room to face my certain doom(厄运).All I could do was try to ___16___ on the questions Ididn’t know.

Asit turned out, I didn’t know the majority of the questions. I was just about togive ___17___ when my pencil accidentally fell and broke.Standing by the blackboard sharpening my pencil, I ___18___ down and there in full view lay the answer sheet for the test! What good fortune! I can kiss good-bye toall my ___19___ offailing the test! My heart started beating, and my brain ___20___, Yes!Read over the answers—quickly! This was quickly followed by another voice, No! You’ll get caught!My mind turningback and forth, Yes! No! Yes! No! …Thiswent on for ten of the ___21___ seconds in my entirelife.

Finally,I decided to finish the test on my own, without ___22___! I was satisfied with my decision but pretty ___23___ I had failed the test.

Thenext day when I walked into the English room, my great joy of having been an ___24___ soul changed into a wave of doom as I saw mytest paper lying face down on my desk. I knew what awaited me. I stared at it afew seconds before I got up the ___25___ to turn it over.

Youcan only imagine my ___26___ when I learned that Ihad passed the test! I have never in my whole life been so happy to see my ___27___, a C-.

Mymom says the victories that ___28___ the most courage arewon within. Now I know ___29___ what she means. Now notonly can my conscience(良心) rest easy, but I don’t have to worry aboutgetting caught and meeting a sad ___30___ like Romeo and Juliet.

11. A. arrived B. returned

C. appeared D. finished

12. A. If B. Because

C. Until D. Although

13. A. lecture B. essay

C. play D. test

14. A. by B. upon

C. over D. toward

15. A. missed B. carried

C. lost D. dropped

16. A. depend B. agree

C. guess D. improve

17. A. in B. off

C. out D. away

18. A. wrote B. settled

C. calmed D. looked

19. A. boredom B. worries

C. loneliness D. tiredness

20. A. whispered B. warned

C. persuaded D. chanted

21. A. coldest B. saddest

C. longest D. fastest

22. A. suffering B. checking

C. cheating D. thinking

23. A. certain B. regretful

C. annoyed D. relieved

24. A. open B. honest

C. optimistic D. energetic

25. A. wisdom B. encouragement

C. intention D.nerve

26. A. anxiety B. shock

C. fear D. appreciation

27. A. paper B. credit

C. rate D. grade

28. A. take B. put

C. find D. gain

29. A. gradually B. exactly

C. willingly D. seemingly

30. A. film B. fact

C. ending D. love

【答案】11.B 12. D 13. D 14. C 15. A 16. C 17. A 18. D 19. B 20. A 21. C 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. C

【解析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者由于生病缺席了课业，结果忘了准备一次测试，只能靠猜答案来做题。在考试途中作者的笔偶然摔断了，因此在黑板旁边削笔时发现可以看到答案，因此内心挣扎要不要靠作弊来通过考试。结果作者还是诚实地完成了测试，本以为一定会不及格，结果得到了C-的故事。

2019年丰台区高三一模英语

第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

“Come on, Cindy!”Darcy sounded so impatient, “We’ll be late for class.”

“Darcy, I can’t findmy ____11____.” I dropped my book bag to dig throughmy coat pockets. “My money was in it.”

“Someone took it.”Darcy said. As usual, she was quick to point away from the ____12____side of things. “Oh. I’m sure I justmisplaced it.” I hoped. Even though we were best friends, Darcy and I were justso____13____.

We rushed into class.Darcy ____14____the newsabout the theft. By last period in gym class, I was____15____ of having to say over and over again, “I’m sureI just left it at home.”

After gym, we wentinto the locker room. I was changing ____16____ I heard a gasp fromDarcy. I looked at her and found her face was white with____17____. There, at her feet, was my wallet.

“It fell out of herlocker!” Darcy pointed at Juanita, a “new girl” in our class. “She ____18____it.”

Everyone began to ____19____Juanita at once.

“Darcy caught herred-handed.”

“Report her!”

I looked over atJuanita. She picked up the wallet and held it out to me. Her hands were ____20____.“I found it in the parking lot. I was going to give it to you.”

Darcy spit the words“I’m so sure!” at her.

“Really, it’s true.”Juanita’s eyes began to fill with tears.

I ____21____for my wallet. I didn’t know what to think, ____22____ when I lookedover at Darcy, herattitude made mesick inside. I looked at Juanita. She was scared but looked____23____. I knew I held her____24____in myhands.

“I am so glad youfound it,” I smiled. “Thanks, Juanita.”

The____25____around us broke.

“Good thing she foundit,” everyone but Darcy____26____.

“If there is anymoney left in your wallet.”

“Not now. Darcy!”

“You are so naive!”

It wasn’t untilothers left there that I opened my wallet.

“It’s all here.” Icouldn’t help but feel ____27____. A folded piece of paper flutteredfrom my wallet. I opened it to see what it was.

“She just didn’t havetime to ____28____ it yet.”

“Darcy, maybe youspend too much time ____29____people.”

Darcy grabbed thenote, read it and threw it back at me. “Whatever!” she said and stomped off. Iknew that something had____30____between us.

I read the noteagain.

Cindy,

I found your wallet in the parking lot. Hope nothing is missing.

Juanita

P.S. My phone number is 55-3218. Maybe you could call me sometime.

And I did.

11.A. coat B. book

C. pen D. wallet

12.A. serious B. bright

C. funny D. opposite

13.A. close B. strange

C. different D. independent

14.A. spread B. heard

C. watched D. made

15.A. afraid B. proud

C. tired D. fond

16.A. since B. after

C. before D. when

17.A. shame B. shock

C. shyness D. sadness

18.A. got B. lost

C. stole D. brought

19.A. accuse B. comfort

C. warn D. help

20.A. rising B. waving

C. clapping D. trembling

21.A. reached B. looked

C. paid D. searched

22.A. so B. but

C. for D. or

23.A. excited B. modest

C. sincere D. pleased

24.A. reputation B. confidence

C. wealth D. regret

25.A. trust B. peace

C. balance D. tension

26.A. agreed B. promised

C. hesitated D. admitted

27.A. relaxed B. relieved

C. disappointed D. disturbed

28.A. return B. lend

C. find D. empty

29.A. persuading B. numbering

C. understanding D. transforming

30.A. left B. united

C. broken D. recovered

【答案】11.D;12. B;13. C;14. A;15. C;16. D;17. B;18. C;19. A;20. D;21. A;22. B;23. C;24.A;25. D;26. A;27. B;28. D;29. B;30. C;

【解析】本文是一篇哲理故事。作者的钱包从新来的女孩Juanita储物柜里掉出来，作者的好朋友Darcy认为就是她偷的，而女孩说是在停车场发现的，正要还给失主。作者相信女孩说的话，而Darcy坚决不同意，她看了女孩留在钱包里的纸条后跺脚走了。作者感到她们之间某种东西已经破裂了【分析】本文的作者因为丢了一个钱包，被一个新生捡到，为了这件事情我和Darcy有着不同的观点。

【点评】做完型填空首先要通读全文，了解大意．一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容．千万不要看一句，做一句．其次要逐句分析，前后一致．选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等．答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，用词得当，意思正确．

刘凯老师介绍：

刘凯，男，蒙古族，黑龙江省齐齐哈尔人。本科为哈尔滨师范大学英语系，硕士为华中师范大学汉语言文学。

北京市优秀青年教师，北京市级重点高中示范校骨干教师，多年高中一线执教经验，高三年级把关教师，多次参与东城区模拟试题命题工作，教学理念先进，教学成果突出，多篇教学论文获市区级奖项。教育部课题研究员，参与国家十二五课题计划，并作出突出贡献，参与初中、高中各年级区级试题的命制，多次承担区级和市级研究课任务。东城区及北京市科技英语优秀指导教师，所带学生在各级英语口语、作文竞赛中多次获奖；刘凯老师将扎实的英语基本功和严谨的学术思想作为教学的基础，课堂上善于寓教于乐，信息量大，内容丰富，使学生在和谐的课堂气氛下欣赏英语、享受英语、掌握英语、运用英语。

曾多次参加高考阅卷工作，参与人民教育出版社、北京教育出版社、外研社等各类高考教学用书的编写工作，有丰富的备考经验。

2009-2012年期间，多次受邀在北京广播电台主持英语高考大纲解析及英语新课程改革节目，兼具偶像派与实力派特点，教风亲切洒脱，诙谐幽默，思维开阔，屡有奇思妙想，善于引导学生学以致用，对高考动向把握极其准确，深受学生和家长欢迎。

美国亚利桑那大学访问学者，澳大利亚新兰威尔士大学ESL研修。尤其擅长英语语法和单词记忆法。

2018年加州理工学院语言学双学位获得者。讲授科目有长难句、翻译、四六级考试、写作。在2014、2015、2016、2017四年考研中，接受其培训的所有考生中有近万名考生取得高分。

资深考研培训讲师；

英语四六级考试天团高级讲师；

雅思阅读、雅思写作培训主讲名师；

六级考试阅卷组成员；

深谙命题规律和解题套路，对英语的学习规律和方法见解独特。

带给学生的不只是考分的提高，更多的是对英语领悟和感知的突破。纯正的英音、独到的见解、睿智的思维和轻松幽默的语言，为其赢得了广大学生的认同和喜爱。

高考志愿规划师

生涯规划师

国家素质拓展师

高考政策专家