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长难句一： While warnings are often appropriate and necessary – the dangers of drug interactions, for example – and many are required by state or federal regulations, it is not clear that they actually protect the manufacturers and sellers from liability if a customer is injured. 【词汇及词组】appropriate 恰当的;合适的 regulation 规则;条例;法令 liability 〔尤指法律上对还款、赔偿等的〕责任，义务 【结构精析】本句的主干是 it is not clear that they actually protect the manufacturers and sellers from liability if a customer is injured. 而 While warnings are often appropriate and necessary and many are required by state or federal regulations 是本句的让步状语从句。 (注意：while 除了可以引导时间状语从句，还可引导让步状语从句，大家在理解句子时要注意区分 该词的用法)，在让步状语从句中，the dangers of drug interactions, for example 为插入语， 对第一个让步小分句进行补充说明。 【参考翻译】 尽管警告常常是适当而且必须的——比如对于药物相互作用的危险提出警告——许多警 告还是按州或联邦政府规定要求给出的，然而(我们)并不清楚，如果顾客受到伤害时，这些警告是不 是确实可以使得生产者和销售者豁免责任。 长难句二： The organization of districts that meet the criteria suggested would make it possible to resolve the small-school problem in all except isolated and sparsely populated areas where such schools may have to be continued regardless of higher costs. 【词汇及词组】criteria (判断的) 标准 resolve 解决〔问题、困难〕;下决心(resolve to do sth) isolated 〔建筑物、村庄等〕孤零零的，偏僻的;〔人〕孤单的，孤独的 sparsely populated 人口稀少的 regardless of 不管 【结构精析】本句的主干是 The organization of districts would make it possible to resolve the small-school problem in all except isolated and sparsely populated areas. 其中 that meet
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the criteria suggested 是 The organization of districts 的后置定语从句，where such schools may have to be continued regardless of higher costs 在句中作 isolated and sparsely populated areas 的后置定语从句。 【参考翻译】按照提出的标准进行校区的划分，这可能会解决地区内学校规模小的问题，但对于偏远 的、人口稀少的地区，尽管花费比较大，规模小的学校可能还得继续办下去。
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