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英语七年级下册期末综合复习（解析+练习）——动词 时态 ①一般现在时（注意三单） 一般现在时属于七年级上册内容，再次不做赘述。重点关注句子时间状语和动词的三单形态。 I take a bus to school every day. =I go to school by bus every day. He often rides a bike to school. =He often goes to school by bus. She never walks to school. =She never goes to school on foot. How long does it take you to go to school? It takes me two hours to go to school in the morning. How do you go to school? ②现在进行时 一、基本用法 （1）表示（说话瞬间）正在进行或发生的动作。 （2）也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。 二、谓语构成：be (am/ is/ are)＋v-ing （动词的现在分词） 如：I'm watching TV now. 我现在正在看电视。 They're playing football. 他们正在踢足球。 三、现在分词的构成。 （1）一般情况下在动词词尾加ing。 如：ask→ asking look→ looking （2）以不发音的e结尾的动词，去掉e加ing。 如：take→ taking make→ making write→ writing （3）以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节，双写最后一个字母，再加-ing。 如：sit→ sitting put→ putting run→ running begin→beginning shop→ shopping 四、现在进行时态的肯定式、否定式、疑问式及其简略回答： （1）肯定式：be＋v-ing She is singing in the next room. 她正在隔壁房间唱歌。 （2） 否定式：be＋not＋v-ing The students aren't cleaning the room. 学生没有正在打扫房间。 （3）一般疑问句：be动词提前，句号变问号。 肯定简略答语：Yes, 主语对应的人称代词＋is/am/are. 否定简略答语：No, 主语对应的人称代词＋isn't/aren't. 或No, I'm not. 如：-Are you playing computer games? -Yes, I am. / No, I'm not. -你正在玩电脑游戏吗？ -是的，我正在玩。 / 不是，我没在玩。 （4）特殊疑问句结构： 特殊疑问词（作其他成分）+ am/is/are+主语+现在分词（doing）+其他？ 特殊疑问词（作主语）+ is/are+现在分词（doing）+其他？ 例：Why are you watering this dying tree? 你为什么要给这棵快死了的树浇水？ Who is singing over there? 谁在那边唱歌？ ③一般过去时 一、定义：一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，也可表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。常和表示过去的时间状语ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, last (year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long ago, once upon a time等连用。 My father was very busy last week. 我父亲上周非常忙。 二、用法 ⑴ 一般过去时表示过去某个时间点或时间段内发生的动作或存在的状态，如： My father flew to Paris last week. 我父亲上周坐飞机去巴黎了。 ⑵ 一般过去时表示过去的习惯动作。如： I usually walked to school when I was a child. 小时候我经常步行上学。 ⑶ 不带具体过去的时间状语，通过上下文语境判断动作是发生在过去的，也使用一般过去时。如: I lost all my money on the way back home. 在回家的路上，我把所有的钱都丢了。 三、一般过去时的基本结构 ⑴ 肯定句“主语＋动词过去式＋其他”或者“主语＋was/were＋其他”。 My school trip was great. 我的学校旅行很棒。 ⑵ 否定句“主语＋didn't＋动词原形＋其他”或“主语＋wasn't/weren't＋其他”。 I didn't eat that apple. 我没有吃那个苹果。 ⑶ 一般疑问句“Did＋主语＋动词原形＋其他？” 肯定回答为“Yes，主语＋did”； 否定回答为“No，主语＋didn't”； 一般疑问句“Was/Were＋主语＋其他？”； 肯定回答为“Yes，主语＋was/were”； 否定回答为“No，主语＋wasn't/weren't”。 -Did you go to the beach last summer? -Yes, we did./No, we didn't. -你们去年夏天去海边了吗？ -是的，我们去了。/不，我们没有。 ⑷ 特殊疑问句：疑问词作主语或主语的定语，用陈述句语序。 Who went to America last month? 谁上个月去了美国？ Whose book was over there? 刚刚谁的书在那？ 疑问词作其他成分，结构为特殊疑问词＋一般疑问句（语序）？ -What did Cecile do last weekend? -She went to the zoo with her best friend. -上周末Cecile做什么了？ -她和她最好的朋友去动物园了。 四、动词过去式的变化规则： 【巩固练习】 一、写出下列动词的三单(does)、现在分词(doing)和过去式(did)形式。 三单 现在分词 过去式 三单 现在分词 过去式 buy _______ _______ _______ sleep _______ _______ _______ have _______ _______ _______ study ______ _______ _______ drink _______ _______ _______ play _______ _______ _______ go _______ _______ _______ make _______ _______ _______ do _______ _______ _______ get _______ _______ _______ write _______ _______ _______ ask _______ _______ _______ eat _______ _______ _______ stop _______ _______ _______ read _______ _______ _______ put _______ _______ _______ find _______ _______ _______ run _______ _______ _______ 1. The children are ___________ (run) there now. 2. -I ________ up at half past six this morning. (get) -My father always __________(come) back from work very late. 3. My mother ____________ a lot of fruit yesterday afternoon. (buy) 4. Listen! Who__________(sing) in the music room? Oh. Mary _______(sing) there every day. 5. They ________ _________ a meeting yesterday. (not have) 6. There __________ (be) a pen and two erasers in the pencil- box. 7. You must _________ (get) here at two this afternoon. 8. The twins _________ thirteen two years ago. (be) 9. She _____ (go) to school from Monday to Friday. 10. Liu Ying _______________ (study) in Beijing these days. 11. When ________ you _________(write) this song? I __________(write) it two years ago. 12. Where _______ your pen pal ______ (come) from? 13. They _______ (leave) Hong Kong three days ago. 14. I _________ (have) an exciting party last weekend. 15. My friend, Carol, ________(study) for the math test and ________(practice) English last night. 三、句型转化。 1. He went to the zoo with his father yesterday. 否定句： He ________ _______ to the zoo with his father yesterday. 一般疑问句： ______ he ______ to the zoo with his father yesterday? 特殊疑问句： ______ ______ he ______ yesterday? 2. Mary usually plays games with her grandparents. 否定句： Mary usually _______ ________ games with her grandparents. 一般疑问句： ______ Mary usually ________ games with her grandparents? 特殊疑问句： ______ ______ Mary usually ______ ? 3. They are doing their homework. 否定句： They ______ ________ their homework. 一般疑问句： ______ they ________ their homework? 特殊疑问句： ______ ______ they _______? 4. There were some cars in front of the house just now. 否定句： There _______ ________ cars in front of the house just now. 一般疑问句： ______ there _____ cars in front of the house just now? 5. The twins go to school on foot every day. (改成一般疑问句) _________ the twins _______ to school on foot every day? 答案 一、写出下列动词的三单(does)、现在分词(doing)和过去式(did)形式。
二、用正确的动词形式填空。 1. running 2. got; comes 3. bought 4. is singing; sings 5. didn’t have 6. is 7. get 8. were 9. goes 10. is studying 11. did; write; wrote 12. does; come 13. left 14. had 15. studied; practiced 1. 句型转化。 1. didn’t go; Did; go; What did; do 2. doesn’t play; Does; play; What does; do 3. aren’t doing; Are; doing; What are; doing 4. weren’t any; Were any; 5. Do; go; |
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