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颈椎，连接头颅与胸椎，是脊柱重要的一段。因年龄增大或反复受力或损伤，颈椎发生退变甚至骨折脱位，将严重影响正常的功能。  警告：请在有WIFI的场所观看视频，土豪请随意。
Cervical Spine Anatomy 颈椎解剖 The cervical spine, or neck, begins at the base of the skull and through a series of seven vertebral segments connects to the thoracic, or chest, region of the spine. 颈椎，或称脖子，自颅底开始，经过一系列共有关7块椎骨，下方连于胸椎，或称脊柱胸段。 The first cervical vertebra is unique, as it is a ring—called the atlas—that rotates around part of the second vertebra—the axis. This construct provides most of the rotation for the neck and head. 第一颈椎是特殊的，因为它象一个环，故称环椎。它可在第二颈椎（即枢椎）上部旋转。这个结构为头颈部提供了大部分的旋转功能。 The seven vertebrae of the cervical spine are connected in the back by paired facet joints, which allow for forward and backward extensions, as well as twisting movements. These facet joints can wear down over time and lead to cervical spinal stenosis or osteoarthritis. 颈段脊柱的7个椎体通过后方成对的关节突关节相连，允许前后屈伸和扭转运动。这些关节突关节会随着时间的推移而磨损，导致颈椎管狭窄或骨关节病。 In between the vertebrae are six cervical discs that act as shock absorbers and allow flexibility and movement of the neck. These discs may herniate or degenerate, either through wear and tear over time or from an injury. 在各椎体间有6个颈椎间盘，起着减震器的作用，并使颈椎易于弯曲和活动。这些椎间盘随时间推移而磨损撕裂或受伤可发生突出和退变。 The cervical spine has eight cervical nerves, C1 through C8, that branch off of the spinal cord and exit through the neural foramen in the back of the spine. 颈椎有8条颈神经，从颈1到颈8，它们是从脊髓发出的分支，从脊柱后方的神经孔穿出。 Each cervical nerve is named for the vertebra below it. For example, the nerve root that runs between the C5 and C6 is the C6 nerve. 每一条颈神经以下方的椎体命名。例如，在颈5和颈6之间的神经根是颈6神经。 A number of cervical spine conditions may inflame or irritate these nerve roots, resulting in pain that radiates down the arms and possibly fingers, known as cervical radiculopathy. 许多颈椎疾患会刺激这些神经根或使之发炎，引起疼痛，向下放射到胳膊或手指，即所谓的颈椎神经根病变。 The cervical spine includes an intricate network of muscles, tendons, and ligaments that provide support and movement. These tissues can spasm or become strained, which is a common cause of neck pain and stiffness. 颈椎含有错综复杂如网状的肌肉、肌腱、韧带，起支持和运动功能。这些组织会痉挛或扭伤，这是引起颈部疼痛和僵硬的常见原因。 The spinal cord travels from the base of the skull through the cervical spine. Any cervical condition that encroaches on the spinal canal can affect the spinal cord and cause neurological symptoms, such as muscle weakness or numbness in the arms or legs. 脊髓从颅底开始行经颈椎。任何侵犯椎管的颈椎疾病会影响脊髓并引起神经症状，比如肌肉无力、四肢麻木。 Any of these cervical spine structures can degenerate over time or become injured, resulting in a variety of possible conditions and symptoms. 这些颈椎结构随着时间推移会发生退变或受伤，引起各种各样可能的病变或症状。 （高晨珉 转） |
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